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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

By Sanjeet Kumar

- B.Sc Nursing (from AKU,Patna)

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

● The organs which are concerned with copulation, fertilisation, growth and development of foetus.

● It's subsequent exist to the outer world. ● It plays many vital functions that ensure the continuation of the human race.

Introduction

THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS CAN

BE DIVIDED INTO :-

External Genitalia Internal Genitalia

Mons pubis Labia majora Labia minora Clitoris Urethral opening Hymen

Vagina Uterus Fallopian tube Ovary

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM GENITALIA

LABIA MINORA (small inner lip of valva)

● These are two small fold of skin, contains numerous sebaceous gland. ● Protection of vagina.

● It is a smallest cylindrical erectile body consists of two erectile tissue i.e corpora and cavernosa. ● It is also found in penis and nipples. ● To give sexual arousal and pleasure during intercourse.

CLITORIS

● Thin layer of mucosa membrane partially, cover the opening of vagina in female. ● It protect vaginal canal during fetal period

HYMEN

URETHRAL OPENING

● The external opening of the transport tube that leads from the bladder to discharge urine outside the body in a female.

UTERUS

● It lies in pelvic cavity between rectum and bladder. ● Provide nutrition to a fertilize ovum. ● Pear shaped ● Weight - 30 to 60 gm

Parts of uterus:-

i. Fundus ii. Body

i. Isthmus ii. Isthmus iii. Isthmus iv. Cervix

Function ● it provides space for embryo implantation and nutrition to foetus. ● It maintains menstrual cycle.

1.Perimetrium - The outermost protective layer. 2.Myometrium - Thick layer of uterus and made up of smooth muscle fibres, expands during pregnancy. 3.Endometrium - This layer of uterus is shed during menstrual cycle.

STRUCTURE OF UTERUS

OVARY

● Ovaries are female gonads found in pair which produces egg or ova. ● Position of ovaries is variable. ● Weight :- 10 - 20 gm ● Oval shaped ● In young girl, the ovary have smooth surface and greyish pink in colour. At puberty it becomes pink to grey.

STRUCTURE OF OVARIES

1. Cortex :- Contains ovarian follicles in various stage of

maturity.

2. Medulla :- Consists of stroma and blood vessels.

Function

● Development of ovum. ● Secrets sex hormones i.e estrogen and progesterone. ● Estrogen secreted from theca cell of graffian follicles. ● Progesterone secreted from corpus luteum.