Feya Glenn Abdellah: A Nursing Theorist, Slides of Nursing

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Faye Glenn Abdellah

A Nursing Theorist

Faye Glenn Abdellah short history

• Dr. Abdellah was born on March 13, 1919.
• She is a pioneer in nursing research who has been recognized with 77

professional and academic honors.

• She was the first nurse officer to receive the rank of a two star rear

admiral.

• She helped transform nursing theory, nursing care and nursing

education and as a result was inducted into The National Women’s

Hall of fame in 2000.

• She is the first nurse and the first woman to serve as Deputy Surgeon

General.

• She is a former Chief Nurse Officer for the U.S. Public Health Service,

Department of Health and Human Services, Washington D.C.

• she developed educational materials in many key areas of public

health, including AIDS, the mentally handicap, violence, hospice care,

smoking cessation, alcoholism, and drug addiction.

Recognizing the nursing problems of the patient.

Deciding the appropriate course of action to take in terms of

relevent nursing principle.

providing continuous care of the individuals total needs.

providing continuous care to pain and discomfort and provide

immediate security for the individual.

Adjusting the total nursing care plan to meet the patient’s

individual needs.

Helping the individual to become more self directing in attaining

or maintaining a healthy state of mind & body

As a comprehensive service, nursing

includes:

Instructing nursing personnel and family to help the individual do for

himself that which he can within his limitations.

Helping the individual to adjust to his limitations and emotional problems.

Working with allied health professions in planning for optimum health on

local, state, national and international levels.

Carrying out continuous evaluation and research to improve nursing

techniques and to develop new techniques to meet the health needs of

people.

These original premises have undergone an evolutionary process. As

result, in 1973, the item 3, - “providing continuous care of the individual’s

total health needs” was eliminated.

From these premises, Abdellah’s theory was derived.

MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS, CONCEPTS

& RELATIONSHIPS

The language of Abdellah’s framework is readable and clear.

Consistent with the decade in which she was writing, she uses the

term ‘she’ for nurses, ‘he’ for doctors and patients, and refers to the

object of nursing as ‘patient’ rather than client or consumer.

She referred to Nursing diagnosis during a time when nurses were

taught that diagnosis was not a nurses’ prerogative.

Assumptions were related to:

change and anticipated changes that affect nursing;

The need to appreciate the interconnectedness of social

enterprises and social problems;

the impact of problems such as poverty, racism, pollution,

education, and so forth on health care delivery;

changing nursing education.

continuing education for professional nurses.

development of nursing leaders from under reserved groups.

Abdellah and colleagues developed a list of 21 nursing problems.

They also identified 10 steps to identify the client’s problems

11 nursing skills to be used in developing a treatment typology

10 steps to identify the client’s

problems

1. Learn to know the patient.
2. Sort out relevant and significant data.
3. Make generalizations about available data in relation to similar nursing

problems presented by other patients.

4. Identify the therapeutic plan.
5. Test generalizations with the patient and make additional

generalizations.

6. Validate the patient’s conclusions about his nursing problems
7. Validate the patient’s conclusions about his nursing problems.
8. Explore the patient’s and family’s reaction to the therapeutic plan and

involve them in the plan.

9. Identify how the nurses feels about the patient’s nursing problems.
10. Discuss and develop a comprehensive nursing care plan

The twenty one nursing problems

Three Major Categories

2. Physical, sociological, and emotional needs of clients.

3. Types of interpersonal relationships between the nurse and

patient.

4. Common elements of client care.

Typology of 21 Nursing

Problems

SUSTENAL CARE NEEDS

5. To facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells.
6. To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition of all body cells.
7. To facilitate the maintenance of elimination.
8. To facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance.
9. To recognize the physiological responses of the body to disease

conditions.

10. To facilitate the maintenance of regulatory mechanisms and functions.
11. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory function

REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS

1. To identify and accept positive and negative expressions, feelings,

and reactions.

2. To identify and accept the interrelatedness of emotions and organic

illness.

3. To facilitate the maintenance of effective verbal and non verbal

communication.

4. To promote the development of productive interpersonal relationships.
5. To facilitate progress toward achievement of personal spiritual goals.
6. To create and or maintain a therapeutic environment.
7. To facilitate awareness of self as an individual with varying physical ,

emotional, and developmental needs.

ABDELLAH’S THEORY AND NURSING

Although Abdellah’s writings are not specific as to a theoretical

statement, such a statement can be derived by using her three

major concepts of health, nursing problems, and problem solving.

Abdellah’s theory would state that nursing is the use of the problem

solving approach with key nursing problems related to health

needs of people. Such a statement maintains problem solving as

the vehicle for the nursing problems as the client is moved toward

health – the outcome

Abdellah’s

Metaparadigm in

Nursing

Nursing

Nursing is a helping profession. In Abdellah’s model, nursing care is

doing something to or for the person or providing information to the

person with the goals of meeting needs, increasing or restoring self-help

ability, or alleviating impairment.

Nursing is broadly grouped into the 21 problem areas to guide care and

promote use of nursing judgment.

She considers nursing to be comprehensive service that is based on art

and science and aims to help people, sick or well, cope with their health

needs.

Health

In Patient –Centered Approaches to Nursing, Abdellah describes health

as a state mutually exclusive of illness.

Although Abdellah does not give a definition of health, she speaks to

“total health needs” and “a healthy state of mind and body” in her

description of nursing as a comprehensive service.