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The issue of intellectual anti-semitism in academia, focusing on the institute for historical review and its journal, the journal of historical review. How this organization presents itself as scholarly while promoting holocaust denial and revisionist history. It also examines the responses of the jewish community to this form of hate speech.
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other. To say that "true" · in peace afforded to Israc onciled and forgiving neigt move away from politics :
raphy into utopi~. We hav or the present without wl will be no future. The argument that, in v long-range shells and miss tiers no longer matter doc vince me. Every inch ma advance of the"Syrian tat Yom Kippur War has left it scar in our memory. Now it is possible that at in the future, in the course predictable shifts of powea. precisely, the Powers), such a Pal- estinian state will .be established any- how. When that .happens, we shall have to work at oar salvation within
Fighting Intellectual
Anti:.Semitism
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the new parameters. I only hope that, Jonathan D. Sarna if such a time comes, we .shaU have the opportunity to write to each other to discover what we think!
to make the best of this unhappy sit· uation. Protect ourselves against at- tack; control our ·own extremists; grant as much autonomy and freedom as possible; foster friendly contacts and show ourselves to be fair and rea-
erous. Since we cannot command affection, we must strive to earn re- spect, Jor our own sake as much as theirs.
that with the passage of yean the an- tagonisms will get blunted and some of the bitterness will fade? The lead· ers on both sides who are associated with the unyielding hostility will have left the scene. The loyalties and .at- tachments in successive generations will have loosened; the hankering for return and revenge will have lost its edge. The magnet of the unmitigated Arab wealth wiU have gradually emp- tied the refugee camps; After all, it
had nowhere else to go and could not fashion a construdive life for them· selves. By the end.of the century (not aU that long.to go), the vast majority of people in Israel wiU have been bQm there. ·ne roots will have been ·struck ineradicably decp:Tbe fact ·9f Israel's existence will be time-honored and beyond questioning. A degree of ac-
Among the many forms of contem- porary anti-Semitism, few are more pernicious than the intellectual vari- ety-;that is, anti-Semitism -with aca- demic pretensions. The problem is not new. Almost' eighty years ago, Solomon Schechter, then president ~f the Jewish" Theological Seminary, coined the term .. higher anti-Semi- tism" for that ..which bums the soul though it leaves the body unhurt," and pointed out that it was a partic- ular feature of ..so-called civilized countries." .. Higher anti-Semitism" in Schech· ter's .day took the form cf pseudo- biblical scholarship attached to ven- omous attacks against Judaism and the Jewish people. Hatred also masked itself as the ..science of race," which purported to demonstrate, in the words of Madison Grant, author of The Passing of the Greal ·Race, that ..The cross between a white man and an Indian is an Indian; the cross be- tween a white man and a negro is a negro;- and the cross between any of the three European ~ccs and a Jew is a Jew." Today such intellectual anti-Semi- tism has largely disappeared. It has been replaced by hate-mongering in
forthcoming People Walle on Their Heads: Moses Weinberger's Jews and Judaism in New York (Holmu &: Mtitr).
the cloak of history. Modern practi- tioners call it historical revisionism', and through it hope to achieve a rad- ical reinterpretation of the past. At the center of revisionist studies stands the Institute for Historical Review. Among its publications is The Journal of Historical Review, which describes itself as a "scholarly" journal, and comes .complete with the usual aca- demic trappings. A quick reading of The Journal suf- fices to penetrate its objective ve- neer. Featured in the first issue is an article by Arthur R. Butz, ·an asso- ciate professor of electrical engineer- ing and computer sciences at Northwestern University, on "The International 'Holocaust' Contro- versy," which discusses the widely publicized theme, advanced in his book of the same name, that the Hol- ocaust is "The Hoax of the Twentieth Century." Subsequent articles, many by ~cademicians, ..expose" other al- leged .. myths," employing tortuous logic, arguments "from silence and misreading of evidence-all accom- panied by extensive footnotes-to "prove" that concentration camp gas chambers were in reality nothing more than ••cold storage rooms," that evidence documenting the Holocaust is .. faked" and that .those who truly suffered in World War U were non- Jews, Germans in particular. Articles parroting Arab ·propa- ganda, with titles such as •ne Men- dacity of Zion'": and ..Palestine: Liberty ana Justice," extend the process of .. revisionism" to the Middle East cri- sis. Snide comments about the Tal- mud (such as ..That particular·tome is brim fuU of allusions to toiletary
functions"), and on worldwide Jew- ish power prove that ••revisionism" is firmly planted in traditional anti- Semitism. How can Jews respond to this ma- licious rigamarole? Four strategies suggest themselves. They are best described as outrage, silence, instruc- tion and obstruction. Each has been put to use in different places at dif· ferent t.imes. Outrage involves strong expres- sions of stunned shock with emotion detennining response. Those who·· loudly express their feelings do ·so because they insist upon remember· ing Holocaust marlyn .. in ·their ve
guts and bones ... lest their mem- gue, should be accorded the Institute know enough not to be anti~Semitic." ory perish," as the philosopher Emil for Historical Review. Those who follow this advice pa- ' Fackenheim put it. His command- One problem in remaining silent is tiently respond to the claims of his- ment not to hand Hitler yet another that by not "answering" their ene- torical revisionists, hoping that truth posthumous victory finds fulfillment mies Jews expose themselves to the will win out in the end. Since the through their mouths. charge of being unable to answer. majority of Americans now living Users of this method, anxious to Silence speaks an ambiguous mes- have no conscious memories of the avoid being labeled "Jews of si· sage: contempt, or fear, or just plain Holocaust (a fact that has received lence," scream their protests through bafflement. Many Americans view a far too little attention). they must de- every available medium. Defense "no comment" with suspicion, for pend for information on what they agencies crank out press releases; let· often it means that someone has learn from others. This theary holds ters are sent to local newspapers. Per- something to hide. Not to answer his- that even if revisionists are not con· sons with non-Jewis~ friends in high torieal revisionists, for example, not vinc:ed by instructive refutations based places implore them to speak out; only allows them to clai~ victory by on fact·, some innocent readers at well-publicized demonstrations take default; it may actually lead some least might be. place.. people to give credence to their Unfortunately, such well-meaning Unfortunately, the act of shouting charges. efforts can unwittingly accord hate· g~walt often focuses attention on the Instruction assumes that hatred can mongers both free publicity and a cer· very sentiments the shouters most be countered with hard facts. Harold tain legitimacy. Their vicious ideas wish to see forgotten. Those who at· E. Quinley and Charles Y. Glock may wind up being regarded as seri· tack intellectual anti-Semitism some- concluded, in.Anti·S~mitism in .Am~r- ous contributions to the marketplace
Many who would never have known main source of anti-Semitic prejudice emerge in the public mind as not evil,
Proach ·may^ m·Yl•te^ a ..I"''Vina-~- -If'ft'V • ·:.,, !#~~":;;.~^ ..,~.:·1-:'...^ ; response-lor the more often shout- , -~;~$~;~;(~;
''Notoriety, even the notoriety that records 10 detal the shoc:lcinO mistreatment of the already · abused.flfugees. the clumsy attempts at "repatriation." flit
t berg advised almost four decades ago neQieCie4 scnMrs. ' .......
a sad and lonely void for agitators. ~:"~.Jour!'~' If they have not yet escaped obscu- rity, don't furnish a ladder."
Leonard Dinner&tein S1US. Photos. ~American History Series, \Wiiam E. l.Mhtenburg, Geneial Editor N. rour ~or direct 1tom
Few persons know what historian
many of those involved in the Insti-
years also been involved in extremist right-wing activities of the Uberty Lobby, the best financed and-Semitic organization in the United States. Though can:fuUy monitored by sev- eral organizations, the Uberty Lobby has had little public attention lately,.
media,liclty would on the do croun~ mon: harm thatlhaa&Oocf..- such pu~--l!§!E:!EiE:E::~!:!=~~ The same silent treatment, many ar-
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