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Cell Structures & Dynamics: Actin, Microtubules, & Intermediate Filaments, Quizzes of Biology

Definitions and functions of various cellular structures, including actin microfilaments, microtubules, t and g forms, treadmilling, catastrophe, rescue, map motor proteins, phalloidin, cytochalasin, swinholide, taxol, colchicine, nocodazole, intermediate filaments, anchoring junctions, cadherins, desmosomes, occluding junctions, basal lamina, integrins, and specific integrin subtypes. The document also includes information on flow cytometry and cdc genes.

Typology: Quizzes

2010/2011

Uploaded on 05/14/2011

crfrink09
crfrink09 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
actin microfilaments
DEFINITION 1
determine cells shapeplus and minus enduses ATPcontacts
between cells and matrixdynamic
TERM 2
microtubules
DEFINITION 2
determine positions of organelles and direct intracellular
transportcomposed of alpha and beta tubulinplus and minus
enduses GTPmoves chromosomes during mitosisdynamic
TERM 3
T form (actin microfilaments &
microtubules)
DEFINITION 3
atp (actin) gtp (microtubules)rate of subunit addition is fast --
> rapidly growing filamentpolymerization occurs on the plus
sideif gtp alpha S is added: non hydrolyzable form of GTP -->
stabilize
TERM 4
G form (actin microfilaments &
microtubules)
DEFINITION 4
adp (actin) gdp (microtubules)rate of subunit addition is slow
TERM 5
treadmilling
DEFINITION 5
when plus end is growing (right) and minus end shrinks
(left)plus end balances the shrinking of minus endactin and
microtubules
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actin microfilaments

determine cells shapeplus and minus enduses ATPcontacts between cells and matrixdynamic TERM 2

microtubules

DEFINITION 2 determine positions of organelles and direct intracellular transportcomposed of alpha and beta tubulinplus and minus enduses GTPmoves chromosomes during mitosisdynamic TERM 3

T form (actin microfilaments &

microtubules)

DEFINITION 3 atp (actin) gtp (microtubules)rate of subunit addition is fast --

rapidly growing filamentpolymerization occurs on the plus sideif gtp alpha S is added: non hydrolyzable form of GTP --> stabilize TERM 4

G form (actin microfilaments &

microtubules)

DEFINITION 4 adp (actin) gdp (microtubules)rate of subunit addition is slow TERM 5

treadmilling

DEFINITION 5 when plus end is growing (right) and minus end shrinks (left)plus end balances the shrinking of minus endactin and microtubules

catastrophe

rapid shrinking (loss of GTP cap)dynamic instability TERM 7

rescue

DEFINITION 7 growth or regain of GTP cap TERM 8

MAP (microtubules motor proteins)

DEFINITION 8 transport organelles along microtubuleskinesin: moves towards plus end, uses ATPdynein: moves towards minus end of microtubules TERM 9

phalloidin

DEFINITION 9 drug that binds and stabilizes actin filaments TERM 10

cytochalasin

DEFINITION 10 drug that caps actin filament plus ends

cadherins

important transmembrane proteins with cell to cell junctiondependent on Calcium2+ to create adhesion TERM 17

desmosomes

DEFINITION 17 similar to adheren junctions but link intermediate filamentsprovide mechanical strengthbetween cells using intermediate filaments and cadherins TERM 18

occluding

junctions

DEFINITION 18 aka tight junctionsjunctions between cells esp. gut epitheliumprevents passage of molecules to apical sides to basal side (almost impermeable to fluid and cells between cells)if lost: leads to inflammation TERM 19

basal lamina

DEFINITION 19 mediates cell to matrix attachmentsinfo. "stored" in structure: signals where they should be going/what they should be doing"detected" by nerve and muscles TERM 20

integrins

DEFINITION 20 principal transmembrane receptors for most extracellular matrix proteinscan be activated by the inside or outsidecomposed of alpha and beta subunits

alpha 5 beta 1 integrin

binds fibronectinfound in all types TERM 22

alpha 7 beta 1

DEFINITION 22 binds lamin: found in muscle cells TERM 23

alpha 6 beta 4

DEFINITION 23 binds lamin: foundin hemidesmosomes TERM 24

flow cytometry

DEFINITION 24 measures DNA content (doubles in S phase) used to determine length of each phaseFlow cytometry is a technique for counting and examining microscopic particles, such as cells and chromosomes, by suspending them in a stream of fluid and passing them by an electronic detection apparatus. TERM 25

CDC genes

DEFINITION 25 control cell cycle checkpoints, helps to control mitosis