Download Cell Structures & Dynamics: Actin, Microtubules, & Intermediate Filaments and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
actin microfilaments
determine cells shapeplus and minus enduses ATPcontacts between cells and matrixdynamic TERM 2
microtubules
DEFINITION 2 determine positions of organelles and direct intracellular transportcomposed of alpha and beta tubulinplus and minus enduses GTPmoves chromosomes during mitosisdynamic TERM 3
T form (actin microfilaments &
microtubules)
DEFINITION 3 atp (actin) gtp (microtubules)rate of subunit addition is fast --
rapidly growing filamentpolymerization occurs on the plus sideif gtp alpha S is added: non hydrolyzable form of GTP --> stabilize TERM 4
G form (actin microfilaments &
microtubules)
DEFINITION 4 adp (actin) gdp (microtubules)rate of subunit addition is slow TERM 5
treadmilling
DEFINITION 5 when plus end is growing (right) and minus end shrinks (left)plus end balances the shrinking of minus endactin and microtubules
catastrophe
rapid shrinking (loss of GTP cap)dynamic instability TERM 7
rescue
DEFINITION 7 growth or regain of GTP cap TERM 8
MAP (microtubules motor proteins)
DEFINITION 8 transport organelles along microtubuleskinesin: moves towards plus end, uses ATPdynein: moves towards minus end of microtubules TERM 9
phalloidin
DEFINITION 9 drug that binds and stabilizes actin filaments TERM 10
cytochalasin
DEFINITION 10 drug that caps actin filament plus ends
cadherins
important transmembrane proteins with cell to cell junctiondependent on Calcium2+ to create adhesion TERM 17
desmosomes
DEFINITION 17 similar to adheren junctions but link intermediate filamentsprovide mechanical strengthbetween cells using intermediate filaments and cadherins TERM 18
occluding
junctions
DEFINITION 18 aka tight junctionsjunctions between cells esp. gut epitheliumprevents passage of molecules to apical sides to basal side (almost impermeable to fluid and cells between cells)if lost: leads to inflammation TERM 19
basal lamina
DEFINITION 19 mediates cell to matrix attachmentsinfo. "stored" in structure: signals where they should be going/what they should be doing"detected" by nerve and muscles TERM 20
integrins
DEFINITION 20 principal transmembrane receptors for most extracellular matrix proteinscan be activated by the inside or outsidecomposed of alpha and beta subunits
alpha 5 beta 1 integrin
binds fibronectinfound in all types TERM 22
alpha 7 beta 1
DEFINITION 22 binds lamin: found in muscle cells TERM 23
alpha 6 beta 4
DEFINITION 23 binds lamin: foundin hemidesmosomes TERM 24
flow cytometry
DEFINITION 24 measures DNA content (doubles in S phase) used to determine length of each phaseFlow cytometry is a technique for counting and examining microscopic particles, such as cells and chromosomes, by suspending them in a stream of fluid and passing them by an electronic detection apparatus. TERM 25
CDC genes
DEFINITION 25 control cell cycle checkpoints, helps to control mitosis
