TERM 1
What are 2 ways to reshape a genome?
DEFINITION 1
- change the chromosomal number- Change the arrangement
of DNA: move it around
TERM 2
How do chromosome get changed?
DEFINITION 2
IDITR-insertions: small insertions; may effect one gene; large can cause
overexpression; duplication; tandem and non tandem >>overesxpression can
cause more protein encoded-deletions- depe nds if gene is even expressed; small
may effect single gene; large can result loss in multiple gene-inversions:
nucleotides do a 180; ina single gene can c hange codon sequence; can introduce
start and stop codons>>change encoded am ino acid-translocation; movement of
material between two chromsomes; recipric ol: regions are exchanged;
nonrecipricol: region from one is moved to a nother-recombination: crossing over
of chromatids causing exchange of genetic m aterial>>homologous**depend on
size and location of changes
TERM 3
Modern Genetics: Fruit
Flies
DEFINITION 3
- drosophila-eye color-mendelian mating-controlled
breeding>>8 chromosomes; 3 autosomes and one sex-short
generation time-large number of babies-pure breds-wt=wild
type normal red-mutant- white-wild type not always
dominant to mutant
TERM 4
Mendels laws
DEFINITION 4
-law of segregation- violated in x linked traits in males-
hemizygous- genotype=phenotype-law of law independent
assortment
TERM 5
Parental Type
DEFINITION 5
-same as the parent
