Download Final Exam | HIST 112 - The Modern World and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Universal Male Suffrage
(1800s)
When: During the mid to late 1800s Who: Males What: Allowed the right to vote Where: In western Europe and the United States How/Why: As labor unions became more abundant, so did workers wanting to vote. TERM 2
Otto von Bismarck (1862-71)
DEFINITION 2 When: He ruled from 1862-1871 Who/Where: Ruler of Prussia Importance: Responsible for the creation of the German Empire, defeated France and Austria TERM 3
Giuseppe Garibaldi (1860)
DEFINITION 3 When: 1860 Who: Italian Revolutionary and nationalist What: Conquered Sicily and Naples Where: Italy TERM 4
Commodore Matthew Perry (1853-54)
DEFINITION 4 When: 1853-1854 Who: Commodore in the US Navy What/Where: Arrived in Japan to demand them to open up their ports to American Trade. Eventually signed treaty similar to the one China signed with Western powers after Opium wars. Why: Wanted to be able to use their ports to trade, resupply and fuel. TERM 5
Willhelm II
DEFINITION 5 When: 1888 Who/Where:Became Emperor of the German Empire What: Dismissed Otto Von Bismarck. Surrounded himself with yes men so his policies would happen without any resistance
Russo-Japanese War (1904-05)
When: 1904-1905 Who/Where: Fighting occurred in Manchuria, which is in northern China. China was not involved, just Japan an Russia. Why: Russia wanted a warm water port and control of Manchuria TERM 7
Boxer Rebellion (1900)
DEFINITION 7 When: 1900 Where: China Who/What/Why: A society called the Righteous Fist rose with help from Chinese officials and began attacking foreigners and their establishments. Western powers eventually suppressed the violence and occupied Beijing. TERM 8
Berlin Conference of 1885
DEFINITION 8 When: 1885 Who/What: Countries vying for a piece of African territory. It set ground rules to acquire the region. It also created the Congo Free State Where: Berlin Why: There was a "scramble for Africa" TERM 9
Congo Free State
DEFINITION 9 When: Created in 1885 What/Where/Why: It was a privately controlled state, controlled by King Leopold II. He was given this for starting the "scramble for Africa" TERM 10
Spanish-American War of 1898
DEFINITION 10 When: 1898 Who: United States and Spain Where: Naval war that took place over water How/Why: A US battleship blew up in a Cuban port. The US blamed Spain and soon declared war. They eventually won in a short amount of time, and captured Puerto Rico and Guam. They also bought the Philippines from Spain.
Archduke Ferdinand
When: Was assassinated in 1914 Who/What: He was the next in line to rule Austria Hungary. His assassination started WWI by causing alliances to enter a war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia. TERM 17
Schlieffan Plan
DEFINITION 17 When: Created in the early 20th century Who/Why: It was created by Count Alfred von Schlieffen to prepare Germany for a two front war. It allowed Germany to fight on the western front first and then transport its troops by rail to an eastern front to fight Russia TERM 18
General Mobilization
DEFINITION 18 When: WWI Who/What: Russia mobilized its army in preparation for an attack by Germany. This was all but a declaration of war. TERM 19
Native Lands Act of 1913
DEFINITION 19 When: 1913 Where: South Africa Who/What: It assigned natives to reservations and did not allow them to own land anywhere else. TERM 20
Brest-Litovsk Treaty (1918)
DEFINITION 20 When: March 3, 1918 Who: Bolsheviks sued for peace with Germany and Austria-Hungary. Russia lost territories containing a third of it's population and wealth, along with colonies it had control over.
Appeasement
When: Pre-WWII Who/What: Western powers ignored German threats because they did not want to get into another World War. This was seen as a sign of weakness to Germany. TERM 22
Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939)
DEFINITION 22 When: August 23, 1939 Who: Russia and Germany entered into an agreement to not attack each other. Germany did this because they were planning to attack western countries and did not want to fight a two front war. Russia knew this, but wanted to give itself proper time to prepare itself for war. TERM 23
Battle of Midway (1942)
DEFINITION 23 When: June 1942 Who/What: The US defeated the Japanese navy at the island of Midway. It was a turning point for the US in WWII. TERM 24
Teheran Conference (1943)
DEFINITION 24 When: 1943 Who/What: A meeting between Joseph Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill to discuss strategies to defeat the Nazis. They talked of opening a second front in western Europe TERM 25
Truman Doctrine (1947)
DEFINITION 25 When: 1947 Who/What: Policy created by Harry Truman to help Greece and Turkey so they would not fall into the Soviet sphere of influence.
Helsinki Accords (1975)
When: 1975 Who/What: Political and Human rights agreement signed between the Soviet Union and western powers. The need for this stemmed from the threat of nuclear war. TERM 32
Mikhail Gorbachev
DEFINITION 32 When: Became leader of USSR from 1885 until its end in 1991 Who/What: He was the leader of the Soviet Union and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. While in power, he improved relations with the West , but those same reforms caused the collapse of the Soviet Union. TERM 33
Mahatma Ghandi
DEFINITION 33 When: 1869-1948, leader on INC in 1920 Who/What: He led nonviolent demonstrations against the British and fought for rights of the poor. He was eventually assassinated for trying to stop a Hindu-Muslim riot. TERM 34
Issue of Kashmir (1947 &
DEFINITION 34 When: 1947 and 1965 Who/What: India and Pakistan both lay claim to Kashmir. This stemmed from its Hindu ruler deciding to become a part of India without consulting the Muslim dominated nation. This has caused many fights throughout the years over the nation between India and Pakistan. TERM 35
Balfour Declaration (1917)
DEFINITION 35 When: 1917 Who/What: This was a declaration by the British government to give Jewish people a settlement in Palestine. Since then, there has been many clashes between Jewish and Muslims who live in the same area.
Ethnic Cleansing
(1990s)
When: Early 1990s Who/What: After Yugoslavia dissolved there were many disputes concerning different religious beliefs. This led to Serbs in Bosnia "cleansing" the state of Muslims. TERM 37
Red Guards (1966)
DEFINITION 37 When: 1966 during the Cultural Revolution Who/What: Units comprised of young Chinese militants. They sought to find enemies of the Communist party. TERM 38
Ayatollah Khomeini (1979)
DEFINITION 38 When: Led overthrow of shah in 1979 Who/What: He was a religious and philosophical leader that became the leader of Iran. He preached anti-western and anti-Israel. His government was run strictly on religious values. TERM 39
Taliban (1996)
DEFINITION 39 When: Began controlling Afghanistan in 1996 Who/What: It is an extremely militant regime that was very anti-american. It was overthrown in 2001 with an American invasion of Afghanistan but has since returned in the form as an insurgency movement. TERM 40
Saddam Hussein (1979)
DEFINITION 40 When: Became leader of Iraq in 1979 Who/What: He was president of Iraq until he was overthrown by an American invasion in 2003. He led an invasion, backed by the Soviet Union, of Iran. This pitted US weapons against USSR weapons.
