Download Speech and Language Development: Terms, Definitions, and Assessments and more Quizzes Speech-Language Pathology in PDF only on Docsity!
Detour: Basic Protocol
case history intake, interview, formal testing, informal testing, hearing screening, and oral-facial exam TERM 2
Detour: Fundamental Clinical Decisions
DEFINITION 2 test selection, is it a handicapping condition?, appraisal to diagnosis, prognosis, and recommendations TERM 3
Four Basic Prognosis Categories
DEFINITION 3 good (likely to benefit), fair (likely to benefit, BUT...), guarded (difficult to determine), and poor (not likely to benefit; degenerative disease) TERM 4
Positive Sample Prognostic Indicators
DEFINITION 4 parents recognize the problem and want to help; the child is motivated to communicate; the child is engaging TERM 5
Negative Sample Prognostic Indicators
DEFINITION 5 child prefers that others do things for them; the child is not sociable; the child has a progressive disease
Types of Prognosis
speech therapy, suggested approach to therapy, internal testing and referrals TERM 7
Levels of Limited Language
DEFINITION 7 pre-verbal, single-word utterances, and simple multi-word combinations TERM 8
Create Observation Opportunities
DEFINITION 8 to obtain genuine communication: natural setting, familiar communication partner, wide variety of toys and stimuli likely to elicit different functions and intents, and combine spontaneous play with elicitations tasks TERM 9
Five Aspects to Assess Relative to Becoming a
Communicator
DEFINITION 9 cognition, social, language structure analysis, communicative intent and gesture, and pragmatics TERM 10
Language and Play Have Common Features
DEFINITION 10 representational acts where one thing is used to represent another, abstract symbol systems, tools for social interaction, and play teaches properties of objects, events and relations
Pre-Verbal Forms of Basic Language
Functions
declarative (statement) imperative (demand) greeting questioning regulating (...adult behavior) obtaining/maintaining attention influencing joint attention requesting refusing TERM 17
Language Structure: Basic Functions that
Emerge Early
DEFINITION 17 declarative (present novel or discrepant stimuli) imperative (make an error that compels child to instruct) requesting (present impossible situations; clear, plastic cookie jar) other: role play TERM 18
assessing children who use mostly single-
word utterances
DEFINITION 18 (1) spontaneous language sampling (2) standardized testing (3) phonological testing TERM 19
Components Contributing to Speech-Sound
Production
DEFINITION 19 biological cognitive linguistic sensorimotor-acoustic TERM 20
Components Contributing to Speech-Sound
Production: Biological
DEFINITION 20 basic articulatory structures vocal tract intact nervous system
Components Contributing to Speech-Sound
Production: Cognitive-Linguistics
(must have an idea) Linguistic Processing: selects words, arranges words, pragmatic tailoring phonological Processing: selects phonemic elements, applies phonological rules, executes utterance TERM 22
Components Contributing to Speech-Sound
Production: Sensorimotor-Acoustic
DEFINITION 22 motor programming motor learning feedback loop TERM 23
Two Fundamental Etiological Categories
(speech production disorders)
DEFINITION 23 organic: problem can be explained by anatomical and/or physiological means; either the structures aren't there and/or they aren't working functional: most have this; no organic explanations TERM 24
Speech Production Disorder: Two Production
Categories
DEFINITION 24 phonological articulations TERM 25
Phonology Chronology: Process Suppressed
DEFINITION 25 2.5: reduplicaitons 3: consonant harmony; stopping /f/ and /s/; context sensitive voicing 3.5: final consonant deletion; stopping /v/; fronting 4: weak syllable deletion; cluster reduction; stopping /z/ 4.5: stopping voiced "th" and "sh" 5+: stopping "ch" "j" (as in judge); gliding /w/
Traditional Artic Testing: Goals
elicit stimulus words in : isolation, sentences and conversation to determine if there are any omissions, substitutions or distortions TERM 32
Traditional Artic Testing: considerations
DEFINITION 32 various word positions (initial, medial, final, blends) various speaking conditions (pictures, connected speech; how did you get the sample?) TERM 33
Traditional Artic Testing: New Clinicians
DEFINITION 33 listen for one sound at a time; practice transcriptions; check reliability; preserve responses on audiotape TERM 34
Phonetic Inventory
DEFINITION 34 this is a list of all speech sounds a client produced during the sample. these phonemes aren't necessarily produced (or used) correcting. for example: if a child says for tup for cup we put /t/ in the phonetic inventory. we can add /k/ later is if it is produced elsewhere TERM 35
Phonemic Inventory
DEFINITION 35 this is a list of speech sounds that the client produced meaningfully in the sample. so if the child says tup for cup, we'd add the vowel and /p/, but not /t/. this is useful for understanding overall knowledge of the sound system
Distinctive Feature Analysis
these are the fundamental units of a speech sound. they are more basic than the phoneme. each phoneme is made of bundles. many experts boil this down to: place, manner, voice. advantages: pattern may explain seemingly random errors, may guide severity rating, based on number of feature errors within a phoneme, and more efficient therapy TERM 37
Phonological
Processes
DEFINITION 37 immature simplification patterns, developmentally suppressed and linguistically based errors TERM 38
Homonym
DEFINITION 38 two words that sound the same (no/know) but have different meanings. children with phonological process disorders create a lot of these.
