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Nephrology Key Terms: Glomerulonephritis, Urinary System, Renal Function, Quizzes of Physiology

Definitions for various terms related to nephrology, including terms for structures of the urinary system, processes in the kidneys, and substances involved in renal function. Topics covered include glomerulonephritis, the ureter, urethra, retroperitoneal area, nephrons, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and processes such as glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion. Also included are definitions for specific structures like the glomerulus, cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons, and the detrusor muscle.

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 04/30/2010

wcgray78
wcgray78 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Glomerulonephritis
DEFINITION 1
Inflammation of the glomeruli
TERM 2
Ureter
DEFINITION 2
Muscular tube that carries urine from the kidney to the
urinary bladder
TERM 3
Urethra
DEFINITION 3
Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the
body
TERM 4
Retroperitoneally
DEFINITION 4
Located behind the peritoneum
TERM 5
Nephron
DEFINITION 5
functional unit of a kidney, consisting of a renal corpuscle
and a renal tubule
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Glomerulonephritis

Inflammation of the glomeruli

TERM 2

Ureter

DEFINITION 2

Muscular tube that carries urine from the kidney to the

urinary bladder

TERM 3

Urethra

DEFINITION 3

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the

body

TERM 4

Retroperitoneally

DEFINITION 4

Located behind the peritoneum

TERM 5

Nephron

DEFINITION 5

functional unit of a kidney, consisting of a renal corpuscle

and a renal tubule

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Structure located in the arteriolar walls near the glomerulus

that regulates renal blood flow.

TERM 7

Glomerulus

DEFINITION 7

Capillary tuft located within the glomerular capsule of a

nephron

TERM 8

Cortical Nephron

DEFINITION 8

Nephron with its corpuscle located in the renal cortex

TERM 9

Juxtamedullary Nephron

DEFINITION 9

a nephron with its corpuscle located near the renal medulla

TERM 10

Detrusor Muscle

DEFINITION 10

Muscular wall of the urinary bladder

Net Filtration Pressure

Forces favoring filtration minus the forces opposing filtration

TERM 17

Renin-Angiotensin System

DEFINITION 17

Enzyme, renin, converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin,

ultimately stimulating aldosterone secretion.

TERM 18

Countercurrent Mechanism

DEFINITION 18

Part of the process by which the kidneys concentrate urine.

TERM 19

Urea

DEFINITION 19

Non protein nitrogenous substance produced as a result of

protein metabolism

TERM 20

Uric Acid

DEFINITION 20

Product of nucleic acid metabolism in the body

Renal Clearance

The rate at which a chemical is removed from the plasma