Download Sociology Terms: Social Problems, Perspectives, and Related Concepts and more Quizzes Conflictology in PDF only on Docsity!
Social Problem
A social condition that a segment of society views as harmful to members of society and in need of remedy. TERM 2
"Structural-Functionalist" Perspective
DEFINITION 2 Viewing society as a set of inter-related parts. TERM 3
Social
Pathology
DEFINITION 3 According to the social pathology model, social problems result from some sickness in society. For example, crime happens because family values have been weakened, etc. TERM 4
Social Disorganization
DEFINITION 4 Rapid social change disrupts the norms of society, and when these norms are weak, crime happens. Kind of like a revolution with riots and such. TERM 5
"Conflict" Perspective
DEFINITION 5 Emphasizes the social, political or material inequality of a social group, which critique the broad socio-political system, or which otherwise detract from structural functionalism and ideological conservativism.
Conflict Perspective - "Marxist" Theory
The solution to social problems is to eliminate inequality between classes and make a class-less society. TERM 7
Conflict Perspective - "Non-Marxist" Theory
DEFINITION 7 The Non-Marxist Theory of Conflict Perspective focuses more on conflict between groups and their interests. For example, the conflict between those for and against abortion. Those for abortion view killing babies as not bad; those against do. TERM 8
Macro Sociology
DEFINITION 8 Macrosociology is an approach to the discipline which emphasizes the analysis of social systems and populations on a large scale. TERM 9
microsociology
DEFINITION 9 Microsociology is one of the main branches (or focuses) of sociology, concerning the nature of everyday human social interactions and agency on a small scale. TERM 10
labeling theory
DEFINITION 10 It focuses on the linguistic tendency of majorities to negatively label minorities or those seen as deviant from norms.
symbols
A symbol is something such as an object, picture, written word, sound, or particular mark that represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention. TERM 17
fetal alcohol syndrome
DEFINITION 17 Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a disorder that can occur to the embryo when a pregnant woman ingests alcohol during pregnancy. TERM 18
white collar crime
DEFINITION 18 Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined by Edwin Sutherland as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation" (1939). TERM 19
monogamy
DEFINITION 19 Monogamy is the state of having only one sexual partner at any one time. TERM 20
egalitarian relationship
DEFINITION 20 Partners share decision-making and assign family roles based on social norms.
deforestation
Deforestation is the clearance of naturally occurring forests by the processes of people's logging and/or burning of trees in a forested area. TERM 22
social norms
DEFINITION 22 Social norms are the behavioral expectations and cues within a society or group. TERM 23
values
DEFINITION 23 A personal and cultural value is a relative ethic value, an assumption upon which implementation can be extrapolated. TERM 24
beliefs
DEFINITION 24 Belief is the psychological state in which an individual holds a proposition or premise to be true. TERM 25
social
deviance
DEFINITION 25 Deviance in a sociological context describes actions or behaviours that violate cultural norms including formally- enacted rules (e.g., crime) as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., folkways).
ecoterrorism
Eco-terrorism refers to acts of terrorism, violence or sabotage committed in support of ecological, environmental, or animal rights causes against persons or their property. TERM 32
kyoto protocol
DEFINITION 32 The Kyoto Protocol is a protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC), aimed at combating global warming. TERM 33
pronatalism
DEFINITION 33 Natalism or pro-birth is a belief that promotes human reproduction. TERM 34
youth bulge
DEFINITION 34 A population pyramid, also called age-sex pyramid and age structure diagram, is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population (typically that of a country or region of the world), which normally forms the shape of a pyramid. TERM 35
autosclerosis
DEFINITION 35 The clogging of urban arteries with cars.
