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How are the Staph and Strep diseases
separated?
Catalase Test
TERM 2
Fermentation reactions by Strep
DEFINITION 2
generate energy
TERM 3
Who classified
Strep?
DEFINITION 3
Rebecca Lancefield
TERM 4
3 Classifications of Strep
DEFINITION 4
Alpha, Beta, or Gamma Hemolytic Strep
TERM 5
Alpha Hemolytic means
DEFINITION 5
appearance around colony on plate, will appear khaki green
color/haze
Why do Alpha Hemolytic Strep appear
green?
because RBC lysed and hemoglobin is PARTIALLY degraded
TERM 7
Example of Alpha Hemolytic
Strep
DEFINITION 7
Pneumococcus
TERM 8
Strep Pneumococcus cells are in
DEFINITION 8
PAIRS
TERM 9
Beta hemolytic strep appearnace around
colony
DEFINITION 9
lyse RBC and degrade hemoglobin completely; clearing all
around colony
TERM 10
Beta Hemolysis
DEFINITION 10
complete clearing of colony
Gamma Hemolytic Strep appearance
NO lyse of RBC; NO hemolysis
TERM 17
Gamma Hemolysis means
DEFINITION 17
NO hemolysis
TERM 18
Group A Beta Hemolytic
DEFINITION 18
Single species Strep Pyogenes
TERM 19
Pus is hallmark of
DEFINITION 19
Strep and Staph
TERM 20
What separates the 81 kinds of Strep
Pyogenes
DEFINITION 20
Protein M
Virulence factors of Strep Pyogenes
Many produces capsules
TERM 22
Capsules of Pyogenes are made of
DEFINITION 22
Hyaluronic Acid
TERM 23
Hyaluronic Acid is
DEFINITION 23
tissue cement THEREFORE capsule produced is identical to
tissue
TERM 24
No opsonizing antibodies to capsule because
DEFINITION 24
identical to tissue due to hyaluronic acid
TERM 25
Enzyme that degrades capsule for
spreading
DEFINITION 25
Hyaluronidase
Most common Strep
infection
Strep Pharyngitis (sore throat)
TERM 32
Most sore throats are caused by
DEFINITION 32
viruses
TERM 33
Strep Pharyngitis capsule
DEFINITION 33
establishes in throat
TERM 34
Bacitracin used
to
DEFINITION 34
diagnose Group A Beta Hemolytic Strep
TERM 35
Rheumatic Fever
DEFINITION 35
antibodies cross react with endocardium mitral valve
One way to predict Rheumatic Fever
monitor antibodies to leukocidin
TERM 37
Streptolysin O
DEFINITION 37
Kills RBC and lyses WBC
TERM 38
Antistreptolysin O
DEFINITION 38
helps with diagnosis of Group A beta strep
TERM 39
Streptolysin S stable/unstable in O
DEFINITION 39
stable
TERM 40
Streptolysin O stable/unstable in O
DEFINITION 40
unstable
Erythrogenic Toxin causes
rash on body known as Scarlet Fever
TERM 47
Strep Pyogenes Nephrogenic Strains
DEFINITION 47
localize in kidneys involved skin "cellulitis" causes
glomerulonephritis
TERM 48
Glomerulonephritis is like
DEFINITION 48
Rheumatic Fever because it is also an ummunological sequel
after damage to skin
TERM 49
Strep Pyogenes causes otitis media mainly in
DEFINITION 49
children
TERM 50
Pneumococcus causes
DEFINITION 50
Puerperal Fever (Dr. Semmelweis) strep infection begins in
uterus leads to rapid blood poisoning
Strep Septicemia treated with
Sulfur drugs
TERM 52
Caused by Group A Heta Hemolytic Strep
Pyogenes
DEFINITION 52
Rheumatic Fever, Glomerulonephritis, Scarlet Fever, Strep
Pharyngitis
TERM 53
Strep Agalactae is what group?
DEFINITION 53
Group B
TERM 54
Where is Strep Agalactae resident?
DEFINITION 54
Female reproductive tract problematic to newborns and can
enter their respiratory tract(causes meningitis)
TERM 55
Group D Beta Hemolytic Strep found
DEFINITION 55
In GI tract resistant to antibiotics
Strep Pneumoniae is what type?
Alpha Hemolytic resides in back of throat
TERM 62
How is Strep Pneumoniae kept out of lungs?
DEFINITION 62
Ciliary esclator
TERM 63
Ciliary escalator
DEFINITION 63
keeps pneumoniae out of lungs goblet cells make mucus
which have igA antibodies
TERM 64
What can cause impairment of ciliary
escalator?
DEFINITION 64
Smoking, flu, poor nutrition
TERM 65
When pneumoniae gets into lungs:
DEFINITION 65
organism has capsule made of polysaccharide 65 types
Macrophages are what type of cells?
Alveolar dust cells
TERM 67
What damages alveoli?
DEFINITION 67
Pneumolysin
TERM 68
Damage to alveoli causes
DEFINITION 68
inflammation fluid leaks from capillaries and fills sacs and
become "culture vessels"
TERM 69
Optochin Test
DEFINITION 69
separates pneumococcus from other flora of upper
respiratory tract
TERM 70
In rheumatic fever, what causes damage to
mitral valve?
DEFINITION 70
Antibody
To grow Neisseria we must
place in atmosphere of CO
TERM 77
Term for diseases that grow in atmosphere of
CO
DEFINITION 77
Microaerophilic
TERM 78
All Neisseria produce this
enzyme
DEFINITION 78
Cytochrome Oxidase
TERM 79
Strep Pyogenes is Necrotizing Fasciitis
DEFINITION 79
flesh eating disease (esp of deeper layers)
TERM 80
What group is necrotizing
fasciitis
DEFINITION 80
Group A Beta Hymolytic Strep
How do we remove flesh eating diseases?
Amputation (debridement) of maggots
TERM 82
Protein M
DEFINITION 82
inhibits phagocytosis allows organism to colonize hyaluronic
capsule represents antigenic mimcry
TERM 83
Streptokinase breaks fibrin into
DEFINITION 83
fibrinolytic enzyme
TERM 84
Treat Strep Pyogenes with
DEFINITION 84
penicillin
TERM 85
What is given to anaerobes?
DEFINITION 85
Clindamycin
Vaccine for Pneumoniae
PNEUMOVAX
TERM 92
Neisseria virulence factors
DEFINITION 92
Pili (tells organism which cells they can attach to)
TERM 93
Gonorrhea colonizes
where
DEFINITION 93
Cervix, not vaginal mucosa cells
TERM 94
Why does Gonorrhea not colonize in vaginal
mucosa?
DEFINITION 94
They are SQUAMOUS epithelial cells rather than COLUMNAR
TERM 95
Gonorrhea in newborn eye
DEFINITION 95
Opthalmia neonatorum
What is Opthalmia Neonatorum prevented
with?
Silver Nitrate Solutions
TERM 97
Some endotoxins produce a small capsule
called
DEFINITION 97
K envelope
TERM 98
What grows on chocolate agar?
DEFINITION 98
Menningococcus and Gonococcus
TERM 99
What do you add to chocolate agar?
DEFINITION 99
blood, antibodies known as VCN inhibitor
TERM 100
VCN inhibitor stands for
DEFINITION 100
V-vancomycin (kills gram+) C-Colistin (kills gram-) N-nystatin
(kills fungus)
