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First Responder Final Exam
When first arriving at a scene, what should you do as an emr? - ANS>Establish Scene safety on-line medical direction - ANS>direct contact with medical director, phone or radio Standard of Care - ANS>procedures that an EMR can legally provide as care for a patient Difference between expressed & implied consent? - ANS>Expressed- competent adults that give informed decision to accept emergency care provided by an EMR Implied-legal position assumes that the unresponsive patient would consent to care if he/she could Most common cause of airway obstruction? - ANS>Chocking What is the Good Samaritan Law? - ANS>minimized exposure to liability;remain within scope of practice;no compensation;encourage bystanders to provide emergency care
What is the best way to protect yourself from diseases? - ANS>gloves,masks, facial shield, gown if necessary What term means away from the midline? - ANS>lateral Difference between supine & prone? - ANS>Supine-laying face up Prone-laying face down Offline medical direction - ANS>consists of standard care & protocols Semi-Fowlers Position - ANS>Semi-seated position, patient is reclined at about a 45 degree angle What is transfer of care? When Should you use this? What information is critical with transfer of care? - ANS>-Physical and verbal handing off of care from one healthcare to another -Patient name & age -Chief Complaint -Brief account of patients current condition -Past medical history -Vital Signs -Pertinent findings from a physical exam
Define oxygen concentration. - ANS>The percent of oxygen you are giving a patient at any given time What symptoms will a patient complain of when they have chest pains?
- ANS>Chest discomfort Diaphoresis (sweating) Dyspnea (labored breathing) Nausea / vomiting Anxiety / irritability Abnormal pulse Abnormal blood pressure Feeling of impending doom What do the letters SAMPLE stand for? - ANS>S - signs/symptoms A - allergies M - medications P - past medical history L - last oral intake E - events leading up to the illness
What is the difference between the nature of illness and mechanism of injury? - ANS>Nature of illness (NOI) - what is medically wrong with the patient; complaint not related to an injury Mechanism of injury (MOI) - combined forces that caused the injury What are the most common signs of musculoskeletal injuries? - ANS>Pain Swelling Discoloration Deformity Inability to move a joint or limb Numbness or tingling Grating / crepitus Exposed bone What is the first thing you should do when you have a patient who has a chest injury? - ANS>Check ABCs & give oxygen When an elderly patient seems disoriented and unable to tell you what day it is, what should you do first? - ANS>Determine baseline mental status
What are proper body mechanics when lifting a patient? - ANS>Make a plan Estimate weight Consider physical limitations Communicate Position your feet properly Lift with your legs Avoid leaning to either side Minimize twisting Keep the weight as close to your body as possible When can a patient legally refuse care? - ANS>When they are oriented, aware of their surroundings, can answer questions about where they are, and are an adult Anatomical and directional terms. - ANS>Anterior - front of the body Posterior - back of the body Midline - imaginary vertical line used to divide the body into right and left halves Medial - towards the midline
Organs and their quadrants. - ANS>RUQ - majority of liver, right kidney, colon, pancreas (little bit) gallbladder, small intestine, diaphragm LUQ - liver (small portion), spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas (majority), small intestine RLQ - colon, small intestine, right ureter, appendix, right ovary, right fallopian tube LLQ - colon, small intestine, left ureter, left ovary, left fallopian tube Compression rate for adult CPR - ANS>100-120 CPM Importance of the AED in CPR - ANS>To try and kickstart the heart Signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest. - ANS>No pulse, no heartbeat Importance of CPR - ANS>CPR can double or triple the chance for survival from an out of hospital cardiac arrest Purpose behind primary assessment. - ANS>Identify and treat life- threatening conditions When to use the head to toe assessment. - ANS>Head to toe assessment should be used during trauma assessment
Gas poisoning caused by smoke from a wood fire would be what kind of poison? - ANS>inhalation Initial management of abdominal injuries, what is most important? - ANS>Controlling bleeding Patient positioning with trauma cases? - ANS>Supine Can an EMR give medication? - ANS>No
