Download flashcard 10 | BIO 151 - Human Ecology and more Quizzes Social ecology in PDF only on Docsity!
Which of the following is not true of the Brazilian Cerrado? It is a fertile rainforest TERM 2 Which of the following is the most correct definition of soil? DEFINITION 2 A complex mixture of organic matter, minerals and living organisms TERM 3 Minerals particles in the soil are derived from DEFINITION 3 All of these are correct TERM 4 When compared to sand and gravel, small soil particles (clay and slit) have _________ pore space. DEFINITION 4 Less TERM 5 Spaces between sand particles give sandy soil DEFINITION 5 Good drainage
A "heavy" soil would have high _____________ content. Clay TERM 7 Which of the following cannot be found in soil DEFINITION 7 All of these are found in soil TERM 8 Topsoil contains predominately DEFINITION 8 Mixed organic material and mineral products TERM 9 Which of the following could have nearly zero topsoil DEFINITION 9 Deserts TERM 10 The parent material layer of a soil is composed of weathered DEFINITION 10 Rock Fragments
Rill erosion can lead to Gully erosion TERM 17 Wind erosion is most likely to cause problems in DEFINITION 17 open, arid regions TERM 18 An effective way to measure soil erosion in a region is to measure the DEFINITION 18 Sediment load of rivers TERM 19 The efficiency of irrigation water use is ______ in most countries. One of the reasons is______. DEFINITION 19 Low; evaporative losses from unprotected water channeling TERM 20 About what portion of world freshwater withdrawals is used for agriculture DEFINITION 20 2/
Which is the best cropping method for reducing erosion? Rotating corn, wheat and clover TERM 22 Which of the following uses the least amount of energy in industrialized farming practices? DEFINITION 22 drying the crops TERM 23 Waterlogging results from DEFINITION 23 Excessive irrigation TERM 24 Salinization is a common agricultural problem in which type of region? DEFINITION 24 Arid TERM 25 Pest organisms tend to be DEFINITION 25 Generalist species
Which of the following has been used historically to reduce agriculture pests? All of these methods have been used as pest control TERM 32 Which of the following usually the most intensive use of pesticides/ DEFINITION 32 A golf course TERM 33 Which of the following pesticide types is extremely toxic to workers who apply them? DEFINITION 33 Fumiganta TERM 34 most of the pesticides applied in the United States are used in DEFINITION 34 Agriculture TERM 35 Why is it useful to classify pesticides by their chemical structure? DEFINITION 35 Similar chemical structures often relate to similar toxicological characteristics
Which of the following are inorganic pesticides? Arsenic, copper and mercury TERM 37 inorganic pesticides are generally DEFINITION 37 highly toxic and remain in the soil for a long time TERM 38 natural organic pesticides are not DEFINITION 38 safe for all animals TERM 39 in general, microbial pesticides agents are DEFINITION 39 used in place of chemical pesticides TERM 40 chlorinated hydrocarbons have ______ toxicity for sensitive organisms and remain in the soil for a _____ time. DEFINITION 40 high;long
Approximately _______ percent of the pesticides we never use reach the intended target. 90 TERM 47 Pest resurgence is part of the problem of pesticide resistance and happens when a pest organism DEFINITION 47 That is tolerant to the pesticide survives and produces tolerant offspring TERM 48 Pesticide resistance occurs when a population of pests DEFINITION 48 Genetically changes ( through natural selection) and is no longer affected by the chemicals TERM 49 Can an organism be resistant to a chemical that it has never been exposed to? DEFINITION 49 Yes,genes for the pesticide resistance can be transferred through vectors such as viruses TERM 50 Pesticide resistance only occurs in _______ species. DEFINITION 50 All of these are correct
The pesticide treadmill occurs when constantly increasing doses of pesticides are needed to control pests TERM 52 In the graph, which of the populations first began to show pesticide resistance? DEFINITION 52 A TERM 53 looking at the graph and given that you know about pesticide resistance, what do you think will probably happen to curve "b" in the future? DEFINITION 53 It will continue to increase TERM 54 When a new pesticide is developed the best thing to do is use it DEFINITION 54 Sparingly so pest will not develop a resistance TERM 55 Why are pest predator populations so adversely affected by broad-spectrum pesticides? DEFINITION 55 Predators in higher trophic levels are more likely to be wiped out than lower trophic levels
Behavioral changes as an alternative to current pesticides use would not include All these are behavioral changes as alternatives to current pesticides use TERM 62 Knowledge of the life cycle of an insect population enables biological controls to be used in place of current pesticides use. An example includes the use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) which affects _____ of moths and butterflies. DEFINITION 62 The larval stage TERM 63 Which of the following alternative methods is not helpful in reducing your exposure to pesticides? DEFINITION 63 Use only natural chemical pesticides TERM 64 With respect to chemical pest controls, integrated pest management (IPM) uses DEFINITION 64 The minimum amount necessary as a last resort TERM 65 In order to institute an integrated pest management program, it is necessary to DEFINITION 65 Understanding local plants and animals
Contour plowing and strip farming are methods desidned to Prevent water and soil loss TERM 67 Which of the following is the best way to ensure soil health DEFINITION 67 Strip farming and leaving residues on field after harvest TERM 68 Which of these is not a benefit found with reduced tillage farming? DEFINITION 68 Decreased insects and weeds TERM 69 One of the drawbacks of leaving crop residues on a field after harvest is increased DEFINITION 69 Pest and disease problems TERM 70 The benefits of leaving crop residues on a field after harvest include DEFINITION 70 All of these are correct
Economic thresholds are not considered in integrated pest management. True or False False TERM 77 Pesticides used in food production are regulated in the U.S entirely by the Food and Drug Administration True or False DEFINITION 77 False TERM 78 Terracing is more sustainable than conventional farming, but is also more expensive. true or false DEFINITION 78 true TERM 79 What type of soil is sticky, elastic and impermeable DEFINITION 79 Clay TERM 80 Legumes are plants whose roots contain bacteria that can fix ____ and naturally fertilize the plant. DEFINITION 80 Nitrogen
