Download Exploring Factors in Food Choices and Nutrient Absorption: Nutrition and Locus of Control and more Quizzes Architecture in PDF only on Docsity!
Internal locus of
control
that person attributes success to his or her own efforts and abilities. A person who expects to succeed will be more motivated and more likely to learn TERM 2
External locus of
control
DEFINITION 2 Who attributes his or her success to luck or fate, will be less likely to make the effort to learn. more likely to experience anxiety TERM 3
Studies on Locus
DEFINITION 3
- students with internal locus showed better judgment 2. Community college students who succeeded at distance education had high internal locus of control. 3. Locus of control had negative correlation with course withdrawl and failure TERM 4
Food choices based on?
DEFINITION 4 Taste: Sweet and salty, genetics. Habit. Ethnic heritage or tradition. Social interactions. Availability, convenience and economy. (benefits of home cooked meals). Positive and negative associations TERM 5
Food choices also based on?
DEFINITION 5
- Emotions, like boredom or stress.2. Values like environmental concerns, religion.3. Body weight and image.4. Nutrition and health benefits
Water
Nutrient value hydrogen and oxygen, inorganic (no carbon) TERM 7
Minerals
DEFINITION 7 Nutrient value simplest nutrient, inorganic, micronutrient TERM 8
vitamins
DEFINITION 8 Nutrient value organic (contains carbon), micronutrient TERM 9
Carbohydrates
DEFINITION 9 Nutrient value organic TERM 10
Protein
DEFINITION 10 Nutrient value organic, contains nitrogen, energy yielding, macronutrient
Alcohol yields?
Alcohol is not a nutrient, yields energy = -7 kcal/g TERM 17
Lower energy density foods yield?
DEFINITION 17 Contribute to weight loss TERM 18
Energy in the body macronutrients
DEFINITION 18 body uses macronutrients, bonds between the nutrients atoms break and energy is released, can then be used or stored TERM 19
Energy in the body micronutrients
DEFINITION 19 provide raw material for building tissue and regulating body activities. proteins regulate digestion and energy metabolism TERM 20
the
vitamins
DEFINITION 20 13 organic vitamins each has role. almost every body action requires vitamins. Vitamins are vulnerable to destruction, heat (as from cooking) light, and chemicals
Minerals
16 essential minerals, others are contaminates (lead). Minerals are indestructible, but can be lost into cooking water TERM 22
water
DEFINITION 22 needed for all body processes TERM 23
Science of nutrition
DEFINITION 23 found in biology, biochemistry, physiology. lots of knowledge gained from sequencing human genome. TERM 24
Conducting research
DEFINITION 24 use of scientific method. systematic process for conduction research TERM 25
Research studies
DEFINITION 25 controls, randomization, sample size, placebos, double-blind experiments
EAR
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). Average amount sufficient for half of population, if intake falls below EAR probably inadequate amount of food TERM 32
RDA
DEFINITION 32 Recommended Dietary Allowances, is the recommendations to meed needs of most people, set near the top end of the range of EAR. If intake falls at or a little avow RDA probably adequate TERM 33
AI
DEFINITION 33 Adequate Intakes when insufficient scientific evidence to establish EAR, AI values set instead of RDA. Expected to exceed average requirements TERM 34
UL
DEFINITION 34 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) point where nutrient is likely to be toxic, and helps protect against overconsumption TERM 35
EER
DEFINITION 35 Estimated Energy Requirement; average dietary energy intake to maintain energy balance. Healthy body weight, physical activity, no upper level
AMDR
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges; adequate energy and nutrients, reduces risk of chronic diseases, Ranges; 45-65% k-calories from Carbs. 20-35% k-calories from fat. 10-35% k-calories from protein TERM 37
Symptoms of malnutrition
DEFINITION 37 Skin rashes, diarrhea, fatigue, others TERM 38
Total picture
DEFINITION 38 Historical information; health status, SES, drug use, diet history. Anthorpometric measurements (height and weight) TERM 39
RD
DEFINITION 39 Registered Dietitian degree and clinical internship national exam and maintain up to date knowledge. also DTR; Dietetic technician registered TERM 40
Fake credentials
DEFINITION 40 college accreditation, diploma mills, fradulent businesses
Digestion
Breaking down foods into nutrients, to prepare for absorption TERM 47
Challenges of digestion
DEFINITION 47 tasks of the mouth. Diaphragm, steady movement, lubrication of food, digestive enzyme functions, excretion of waste TERM 48
GI tract
DEFINITION 48 Grastointestinal tract is flexible and muscular, the path is mount to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to rectum to anus. Lumen is continuous TERM 49
Ingestion
DEFINITION 49 is cont TERM 50
Esophagus
DEFINITION 50 has two sphincters; upper esophageal sphincter, lower esophageal sphincter
Stomach
movement of bolus, chyme, pyloric sphincter TERM 52
Small intestine
DEFINITION 52 Common bile duct, pancreas and gall bladder, there are three segments in the small intestine TERM 53
Large intestine (Colon)
DEFINITION 53 Ileocecal valve, withdrawal of water, takes waste to rectum and anus TERM 54
Peristalsis
DEFINITION 54 circular and longitudinal muscles working together. rate and intensity of contractions vary. factors that may interfere with peristalsis TERM 55
Stomach action
DEFINITION 55 Circular longitudinal, and diagonal muscles, times the release of chyme
Gastric juice
aids in protein digestion, pH units, and mucus. pH is 2 very acidic TERM 62
pancreatic juice and intestinal enzymes
DEFINITION 62 they are released via ducts into the duodenum, enzymes act on all three energy nutrient, has sodium bicarbonate, pH is 8 TERM 63
Bile
DEFINITION 63 made form liver stored in gallbladder. pH is a 7 TERM 64
Colon
DEFINITION 64 area for intestinal bacteria, recyclable materials, water and dissolved salts TERM 65
Absorption Small intestine
DEFINITION 65 majority of absorption happens here, small intestine is 10 feet long, has a huge surface area for absorption
Absorption techniques
-simple diffusion -facilitated diffusion, and active transport TERM 67
Villi
DEFINITION 67 part of the anatomy of the absorption system, select and regulate nutrients absorbed TERM 68
Microvilli
DEFINITION 68 Enzymes and pumps TERM 69
Crypts
DEFINITION 69 Secretion of intestinal juices TERM 70
Goblet cells
DEFINITION 70 Mucus secretion
Homeostatic regulation
regulates endocrine system, nervous system, Feedback mechanism is the GI hormones gastrin and secretin TERM 77
Ulcers
DEFINITION 77 peptic ulcers, gastic ulcers, duodenal ulcers, causes of ulcers are bacterial infection, anti-inflammatory drugs, excessive gastric acid secretion
