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Exploring Factors in Food Choices and Nutrient Absorption: Nutrition and Locus of Control, Quizzes of Architecture

Definitions and explanations of various terms related to nutrition, locus of control, and food choices. Topics include the definition of macronutrients and micronutrients, the role of vitamins and minerals, the science of nutrition, and the digestive system. Additionally, the document discusses the impact of locus of control on food choices and academic success. Students will gain a better understanding of the importance of nutrition and the factors that influence food choices and nutrient absorption.

What you will learn

  • What are the six classes of nutrients and their roles?
  • What are the challenges of digestion and how can they be addressed?
  • What is the role of the GI tract in digestion?
  • What is the difference between internal and external locus of control?
  • How does locus of control affect food choices?

Typology: Quizzes

2014/2015

Uploaded on 06/22/2015

aj7pinkanrig
aj7pinkanrig 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Internal locus of
control
DEFINITION 1
that person attributes success to his or her own efforts and
abilities. A person who expects to succeed will be more
motivated and more likely to learn
TERM 2
External locus of
control
DEFINITION 2
Who attributes his or her success to luck or fate, will be less
likely to make the effort to learn. more likely to experience
anxiety
TERM 3
Studies on Locus
DEFINITION 3
1. students with internal locus showed better judgment 2.
Community college students who succeeded at distance
education had high internal locus of control. 3. Locus of
control had negative correlation with course withdrawl and
failure
TERM 4
Food choices based on?
DEFINITION 4
Taste: Sweet and salty, genetics. Habit. Ethnic heritage or
tradition. Social interactions. Availability, convenience and
economy. (benefits of home cooked meals). Positive and
negative associations
TERM 5
Food choices also based on?
DEFINITION 5
1. Emotions, like boredom or stress.2. Values like
environmental concerns, religion.3. Body weight and
image.4. Nutrition and health benefits
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Internal locus of

control

that person attributes success to his or her own efforts and abilities. A person who expects to succeed will be more motivated and more likely to learn TERM 2

External locus of

control

DEFINITION 2 Who attributes his or her success to luck or fate, will be less likely to make the effort to learn. more likely to experience anxiety TERM 3

Studies on Locus

DEFINITION 3

  1. students with internal locus showed better judgment 2. Community college students who succeeded at distance education had high internal locus of control. 3. Locus of control had negative correlation with course withdrawl and failure TERM 4

Food choices based on?

DEFINITION 4 Taste: Sweet and salty, genetics. Habit. Ethnic heritage or tradition. Social interactions. Availability, convenience and economy. (benefits of home cooked meals). Positive and negative associations TERM 5

Food choices also based on?

DEFINITION 5

  1. Emotions, like boredom or stress.2. Values like environmental concerns, religion.3. Body weight and image.4. Nutrition and health benefits

Water

Nutrient value hydrogen and oxygen, inorganic (no carbon) TERM 7

Minerals

DEFINITION 7 Nutrient value simplest nutrient, inorganic, micronutrient TERM 8

vitamins

DEFINITION 8 Nutrient value organic (contains carbon), micronutrient TERM 9

Carbohydrates

DEFINITION 9 Nutrient value organic TERM 10

Protein

DEFINITION 10 Nutrient value organic, contains nitrogen, energy yielding, macronutrient

Alcohol yields?

Alcohol is not a nutrient, yields energy = -7 kcal/g TERM 17

Lower energy density foods yield?

DEFINITION 17 Contribute to weight loss TERM 18

Energy in the body macronutrients

DEFINITION 18 body uses macronutrients, bonds between the nutrients atoms break and energy is released, can then be used or stored TERM 19

Energy in the body micronutrients

DEFINITION 19 provide raw material for building tissue and regulating body activities. proteins regulate digestion and energy metabolism TERM 20

the

vitamins

DEFINITION 20 13 organic vitamins each has role. almost every body action requires vitamins. Vitamins are vulnerable to destruction, heat (as from cooking) light, and chemicals

Minerals

16 essential minerals, others are contaminates (lead). Minerals are indestructible, but can be lost into cooking water TERM 22

water

DEFINITION 22 needed for all body processes TERM 23

Science of nutrition

DEFINITION 23 found in biology, biochemistry, physiology. lots of knowledge gained from sequencing human genome. TERM 24

Conducting research

DEFINITION 24 use of scientific method. systematic process for conduction research TERM 25

Research studies

DEFINITION 25 controls, randomization, sample size, placebos, double-blind experiments

EAR

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). Average amount sufficient for half of population, if intake falls below EAR probably inadequate amount of food TERM 32

RDA

DEFINITION 32 Recommended Dietary Allowances, is the recommendations to meed needs of most people, set near the top end of the range of EAR. If intake falls at or a little avow RDA probably adequate TERM 33

AI

DEFINITION 33 Adequate Intakes when insufficient scientific evidence to establish EAR, AI values set instead of RDA. Expected to exceed average requirements TERM 34

UL

DEFINITION 34 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) point where nutrient is likely to be toxic, and helps protect against overconsumption TERM 35

EER

DEFINITION 35 Estimated Energy Requirement; average dietary energy intake to maintain energy balance. Healthy body weight, physical activity, no upper level

AMDR

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges; adequate energy and nutrients, reduces risk of chronic diseases, Ranges; 45-65% k-calories from Carbs. 20-35% k-calories from fat. 10-35% k-calories from protein TERM 37

Symptoms of malnutrition

DEFINITION 37 Skin rashes, diarrhea, fatigue, others TERM 38

Total picture

DEFINITION 38 Historical information; health status, SES, drug use, diet history. Anthorpometric measurements (height and weight) TERM 39

RD

DEFINITION 39 Registered Dietitian degree and clinical internship national exam and maintain up to date knowledge. also DTR; Dietetic technician registered TERM 40

Fake credentials

DEFINITION 40 college accreditation, diploma mills, fradulent businesses

Digestion

Breaking down foods into nutrients, to prepare for absorption TERM 47

Challenges of digestion

DEFINITION 47 tasks of the mouth. Diaphragm, steady movement, lubrication of food, digestive enzyme functions, excretion of waste TERM 48

GI tract

DEFINITION 48 Grastointestinal tract is flexible and muscular, the path is mount to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to rectum to anus. Lumen is continuous TERM 49

Ingestion

DEFINITION 49 is cont TERM 50

Esophagus

DEFINITION 50 has two sphincters; upper esophageal sphincter, lower esophageal sphincter

Stomach

movement of bolus, chyme, pyloric sphincter TERM 52

Small intestine

DEFINITION 52 Common bile duct, pancreas and gall bladder, there are three segments in the small intestine TERM 53

Large intestine (Colon)

DEFINITION 53 Ileocecal valve, withdrawal of water, takes waste to rectum and anus TERM 54

Peristalsis

DEFINITION 54 circular and longitudinal muscles working together. rate and intensity of contractions vary. factors that may interfere with peristalsis TERM 55

Stomach action

DEFINITION 55 Circular longitudinal, and diagonal muscles, times the release of chyme

Gastric juice

aids in protein digestion, pH units, and mucus. pH is 2 very acidic TERM 62

pancreatic juice and intestinal enzymes

DEFINITION 62 they are released via ducts into the duodenum, enzymes act on all three energy nutrient, has sodium bicarbonate, pH is 8 TERM 63

Bile

DEFINITION 63 made form liver stored in gallbladder. pH is a 7 TERM 64

Colon

DEFINITION 64 area for intestinal bacteria, recyclable materials, water and dissolved salts TERM 65

Absorption Small intestine

DEFINITION 65 majority of absorption happens here, small intestine is 10 feet long, has a huge surface area for absorption

Absorption techniques

-simple diffusion -facilitated diffusion, and active transport TERM 67

Villi

DEFINITION 67 part of the anatomy of the absorption system, select and regulate nutrients absorbed TERM 68

Microvilli

DEFINITION 68 Enzymes and pumps TERM 69

Crypts

DEFINITION 69 Secretion of intestinal juices TERM 70

Goblet cells

DEFINITION 70 Mucus secretion

Homeostatic regulation

regulates endocrine system, nervous system, Feedback mechanism is the GI hormones gastrin and secretin TERM 77

Ulcers

DEFINITION 77 peptic ulcers, gastic ulcers, duodenal ulcers, causes of ulcers are bacterial infection, anti-inflammatory drugs, excessive gastric acid secretion