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four ram fangzun.still style four, because flush with surface with only flanges sticking out. TERM 2 DEFINITION 2 four ram fangzun.still style four, because flush with surface with only flanges sticking out. TERM 3 DEFINITION 3 panlongcheng ding.What "style" is this vessel&why?first style TERM 4 DEFINITION 4 panlongcheng gui. style 2,level of compartment.how the carver orchestrate the anatomical parts? TERM 5 DEFINITION 5 sanxingdui deity. (shaman, wu) (Lee, II- 41 ). Why exceptionally important? Huge bronze masks also found here.-non naturalized size of the statue-stylized feathery like dragon-fine linear design on the body-taotie mask on the lower body/ zoomorphic-hands are rendered in cylindrical shaoe. elephant teeth, might be holding that?-cast in parts-elaborately dressed but bare foot(dressed for certain ceremony?)
sanxingdui mask. extremely stylized of the face.telescoping protruding pupils monumentality TERM 7 DEFINITION 7 Tigar You. You (in the shape of a crouching tiger) (Lee, # 3 7) Other Anyang or late Shang artifactsstyle 5 TERM 8 DEFINITION 8 tomb fu hao fang ding. What "style" & why? Kneeling Figures, stone & jade (Lee,# 23).kui dragon foot, style 5 TERM 9 DEFINITION 9 unprov fang yistyle 5 a squared casket, roof-shaped lid with finial; see exs. in Ledderose.elements of masks are in relief,extremely legible zoomorphic motif.kui, taotie, pronounced flange elements. TERM 10 DEFINITION 10 unprov jia Wine Vessels tripod mug, often with posts See fangjia, Lee # 40
San Xing Dui
1600bce Chengdu, Sichuan:a site contemporary with Zhengzhou and Anyang, though impossible to say what political relationship existed between it and the Shang regime to the east.make people rethink about shang dynasty (didn't know it was that far, tho didn't know the relationship to the authority.) artifects: deity mask TERM 17
Pan long cheng
DEFINITION 17 1600-1500bce. Hubei,An early (Sullivan, using an earlier nomenclature, calls it "middle") Shang site contemporary with lower Erligang at Chengchow.Artifacts:ding TERM 18
Anyang
DEFINITION 18 ca. 1200-ca.1050 B.C.E.identified as Late Shang, one part of the site is the location of the largest, royal Shang tombs; the only Shang site where inscribed oracle bones (oxen scapulae & turtle plastrons) have been found. May well have been the last Shang capitalkey artifacts:fangding,kneeling figure TERM 19
Piece-mold Casting
DEFINITION 19 a model is made of the object to be cast, and a clay mold taken of the model. The mold is then cut in sections to release the model, and the sections are reassembled after firing to form the mold for casting. In many cases a core has to be placed inside the mold to provide the vessel's cavity.Advantage: the decorative patterns could be carved or stamped directly on the inner surface of the mold before it was fired. This technique enabled the bronze worker to achieve a high degree of sharpness and definition in even the most intricate designs.vslow wax casting: TERM 20
Max Loehr's Five Styles: 1
DEFINITION 20 Decoration in thread relief , confined to narrow bands, is the characteristic feature .Vessels with this decoration are slight and thin-walled, and only a limited number of shapes are known. The designs either side of the handle on a jue (30) are in the thread relief of Style 1.
Max Loehr's Five Styles: 2
The most important feature of thls style is the use of broad lines of varying with to produce the designs. These are still corrfined to horizontal bands, some of which show a hint of vertical divisions in the centres of the frieze units in addition to the vertical seam lines due to the mould assembly as in jia(31). In shape the vessels are more varied and bolder than those with the Style I designs, but the castings are still very thin. TERM 22
Max Loehr's Five Styles: 3
DEFINITION 22 The designs are now dense, fluent, and' curvilinear, with many feafuer-like or quilled extensions. On some vessels they are still confined to narrow bands, but on others they occupy large areas. The repertory of vessel shapes with these designs is much wider than that of the previous style. A late version of this style is seen on a pou ( 47) ; a slightly earlier one on a li (46). TERM 23
Max Loehr's Five Styles: 4
DEFINITION 23 The important new element is the separation, within the ornament, of the main mo1ifs from the background In place of quills are rectilinear spirals, distinct from the main elements of the ornament. As on the yu ( 44) described above, the main design and the spirals, wifu the exception of the eyes, are flush with the surface. T he use of flanges to mark the mould seams is an important innovation made at about this stage or a little earlier. TERM 24
Max Loehr's Five Styles: 5
DEFINITION 24 On bronzes of thls group relief is used for the main motif, as on a you (48).In some cases the Style v design imitates Style 5 exactly, the only alteration being the elevation of the principal motifs in high relief. In other instances the relief effects are more varied; sometimes the background of spirals was eliminated altogether. Many different versions of relief were cast architectonic. TERM 25
taotie
DEFINITION 25 so named by Sung dynasty antiquarians. The term comes from a late Chou [Zhou] dynasty text where it is used to refer to a legendary creature famous for gluttony. The motif is sometimes referred to as a 'monster mask,' especially when it is viewed as serving an apotropaic (to ward off evil) function. Understand its evolution as a motif.
Zhengzhou
identified as an early Shang site; early Shang is divided into lower (1600-1500 B.C.E.) and upper (1400-1300 B.C.E.) Erh- li-kang [Erligang] TERM 32
Chaplets
DEFINITION 32 metal spacers used to hold a core or section mold in place. In piece-mold casting, chaplets become part of the vessel's wall; in modern lost-wax casting, they end up as pins jutting outward from the finished object that must be filed away. TERM 33
Sprue
DEFINITION 33 pouring duct through which the molten bronze is directed into the assembled molds and around the core. TERM 34
yaxing ("the shape of the character 'ya'
DEFINITION 34 a square or rectangular border that usually encloses a clan sign & that appears on Shang bronzes TERM 35
Patina
DEFINITION 35 the coloration that occurs from corrosion as bronze comes in contact with other minerals (in the case of burial) or as a result of oxidationPatina is a thin layer that variously forms on the surface of stone; on copper, bronze and similar metals (tarnish produced by oxidation or other chemical processes); on wooden furniture (sheen produced by age, wear, and polishing); or any such acquired change of a surface through age and exposure.
Shang
TERM 37
flange
DEFINITION 37 A flange is an external or internal ridge, or rim, for strength, as the flange of an iron beam such as an I-beam or a T-beam; or for attachment to another object, as the flange on the end of a pipe, steam cylinder, etc., or on the lens mount of a camera; or for a flange of a rail car or tram wheel. TERM 38
orvar karlbeck
DEFINITION 38 in 1930s guessing chinese didnt use loss wax casting. TERM 39
zuozhuan
DEFINITION 39 Zuo Zhuan, is among the earliest Chinese works of narrative history, covering the period from 722 to 468 BC. TERM 40
shanhaijing
DEFINITION 40 is a Chinese classic text and a compilation of mythic geography and myth.
