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Phase 1 Wisconsin Police Academy
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(Fundamentals of CJ) Name of the person filling an appeal - ✔✔Appellate (Fundamentals of CJ) The name of the party that opposes the appeal - ✔✔Respondent (Fundamentals of CJ) How many judges are in the Wisconsin Supreme Court? - ✔✔ 7 (Fundamentals of CJ) How many judges are in the U.S. Supreme Court? - ✔✔ 9 (Fundamentals of CJ) What does a warrant command? - ✔✔The defendant be arrested and brought before the court (Fundamentals of CJ) What does a summons command? - ✔✔Orders the defendant to appear before the court on a certain date and time (Fundamentals of CJ) The court system is the ______ branch of government in Wisconsin. - ✔✔Third (Fundamentals of CJ) How many years do judges serve on the Wisconsin Supreme Court? - ✔✔10 years (Fundamentals of CJ) How many courts of appeals are in Wisconsin Court System? Where are they? - ✔✔4 districts in Madison, Waukesha, Milwaukee, and Wausau (Fundamentals of CJ) How many years do judges serve on the Wisconsin Circuit Courts? - ✔✔6 years (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the function of circuit courts in the Wisconsin Court System? - ✔✔Trial courts with jurisdiction in criminal and civil cases
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the function of Municipal Courts in the Wisconsin Court System? - ✔✔Exclusive jurisdiction over ordinance violations (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the order of the Wisconsin Court System? - ✔✔1. Supreme Court
- Court of Appeals
- Circuit Courts
- Municipal Courts (Fundamentals of CJ) Most Appeals Court cases are decided by a ___ - judge panel. - ✔✔ 3 (Fundamentals of CJ) Is testimony taken by the Appeals Court? - ✔✔No. They rely on the circuit court record and the written briefs of the litigants to make their decisions (Agency Policy) What are the mandatory policies for Wisconsin Law Enforcement agencies? - ✔✔- Use of Force [§66.0511(2)]
- Citizen Complaint [§66.0511.(3)]
- High Speed Pursuit [§346.03(6)]
- Open Records [§19.34(1)]
- Domestic Abuse [§968.075(3)]
- Expander of Jurisdiction [§175.40(6)(d) and § 175.40 (6m)]
- Reporting Abuse [§48.981(3)(b)3)]
- Eyewitness Identification [§175.50(2)] (Agency Policy) What are the policies for Wisconsin Law Enforcement agencies that are required under certain conditions? - ✔✔- Privacy in Locker Rooms [§175.22]
- Police Escorts [§346.215]
- Crime Victims' Rights [§950.08]
- Disposition of Public Records [§19.21(4), (5)]
- Emergency Detention [§51.15(11m)]
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution? - ✔✔Allows individual states to make laws that prohibit or punish acts. (Fundamentals of CJ) What jurisdiction do Municipal Courts have? - ✔✔They have jurisdiction over ordinance violations and non-criminal traffic violations. (Fundamentals of CJ) If a conduct violates both state and municipal ordinances, who decides if the issue of a municipal court citation is given or refer the case to the district attorney with recommendation that state charges be filed? - ✔✔Law Enforcement (Fundamentals of CJ) What does the Declaration of Independence assert for all men? - ✔✔All men are created equal and have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness (Fundamentals of CJ) What does the U.S. Constitution provide? - ✔✔Common defense and general welfare of the people, as well as separating the functions into three different branches of government with a system of checks and balances. (Fundamentals of CJ) Who empowers Law Enforcement? - ✔✔The state which allows for the use of force, to make arrests, and to take freedoms from those who break the law. (Fundamentals of CJ) What Wisconsin Constitution statute outlines duties of the Sheriff? - ✔✔Chapter 59 (Fundamentals of CJ) The law requires that municipalities with a population of ______ or more must provide police protective services. - ✔✔5,000. *They can be provided by creating a municipal court, creating a joint department or contracting for services with another police agency. (Fundamentals of CJ) What are tribal governments? - ✔✔Federally recognized Indian tribes that establish their own civil and criminal codes and have their own courts.
(Fundamentals of CJ) Who has jurisdiction over criminal matters on reservations? - ✔✔Subject to Public Law 83-280 (PL 280): All reservation and off reservation trust lands in Wisconsin, except the Menominee Reservation, are subject to state criminal jurisdiction. (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the philosophy of policing that combines traditional aspects of law enforcement with prevention measures, problem-solving, community engagement, and community partnerships? - ✔✔Community Policing (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the goal of community policing? - ✔✔To bring the police and the public it serves closer together to identify and address crime issues. (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the key element and primary resource of community policing? - ✔✔Crime prevention and the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Office. (Fundamentals of CJ) What is problem-oriented policing? - ✔✔It involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problems in order to develop effective response strategies in conjunction with ongoing assessment. (Fundamentals of CJ) This strategy places more emphasis on research and analysis as well as crime prevention and the engagement of public and private organization in the reduction of community problems. - ✔✔Problem-Oriented Policing (Fundamentals of CJ) What are the four stages of the problem-solving approach? - ✔✔1. Scan data to identify patterns in the incidents they routinely handle.
- Subject these patterns (or problems) to in-depth analysis of causes.
- Find new ways of intervening earlier so that these problems are less likely to occur in the future.
- Assess the impact of the interventions and, if they have not worked, start the process over again. (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the acronym used to refer to the four stages of problem solving? - ✔✔SARA- Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Assessment (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the Broken Windows policing strategy? - ✔✔A theory that says by controlling minor disorders, serious crimes can be reduced.
(Fundamentals of CJ) What statewide law enforcement agency investigates alleged violations of state statutes when committed by public employees acting in their official capacity, as well as violations committed by any government entity at the state or local level? - ✔✔Public Integrity Bureau (Fundamentals of CJ) What statewide law enforcement agency enforces state highway laws and what services do they provide? - ✔✔Wisconsin State Patrol. Their services include: Crash Reconstructions, Commercial Vehicle Inspections, Interdiction and Homeland Security, Aerial Surveillance, Training/Local Assistance. (Fundamentals of CJ) What person has a duty to "preserve the peace" and traditionally the person who holds this duty is considered the chief law enforcement officer in a county - ✔✔Sheriff (Fundamentals of CJ) What chapter in the Wisconsin Constitution outlines the duties of a sheriff? - ✔✔Chapter 59 (Fundamentals of CJ) How does a sheriff get their job? - ✔✔They are elected (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the jurisdiction of a Sheriff - ✔✔The county they are elected to. (Fundamentals of CJ) What are the expectations an officer must fulfill established by the public trust? - ✔✔- Equal access/equal treatment
- Justifiable actions
- Preservation, not judging of life
- No private gain
- No selective enforcement
- Teamwork (Critical Thinking) What is decision making? - ✔✔A process of identifying and evaluating choices. (Critical Thinking) What are the types of decisions we make? - ✔✔Routine, impulsive, and reasoned
(Critical Thinking) What are heuristics? - ✔✔Unconscious routines (Critical Thinking) How do you reduce the impact of the effects of anchoring? - ✔✔- Be open minded
- Offer objective information (Critical Thinking) How do you reduce the effects of status quo? - ✔✔- Think of your goals when preparing to make a decision
- Look at each possible change, one at a time
- Avoid natural tendency to exaggerate effort or cost or emotional reaction (Critical Thinking) What is the "Justify-Past-Actions Trap"? - ✔✔Making the same decision that you did in the past in the same or in a similar situation because of extenuating circumstances or personal reputation. (Critical Thinking) What is an inference? - ✔✔The conscious thought process that draws a conclusion based on the interpretation of assumptions. (Critical Thinking) What is the key to understanding inferences? - ✔✔Evaluating the underlying assumptions and applying good judgment in arriving at the correct conclusion. (Critical Thinking) What leads to more reasoned, informed conclusions? - ✔✔Not jumping to conclusions. Evaluating and interpreting the available information and then assessing the validity of the underlying assumptions. (Critical Thinking) What is an assumption? - ✔✔It can either be an explicit conscious statement of belief or more likely a subconscious belief taken for granted. (Critical Thinking) Describe value based assumptions. - ✔✔They are based on how one believes the world should be - the concept of "ought". (Critical Thinking) Define descriptive assumptions. - ✔✔They are more explicit and describe the world as it actually is.
(Critical Thinking) How do you realize you are being close-minded? - ✔✔- Unwilling to listen to someone's reasons
- Are irritated by the reason people give you
- Become defensive during a discussion (Critical Thinking) What are the 8 characteristics of critical thinking? - ✔✔- Asking questions
- Defining a problem
- Examining evidence
- Analyzing assumptions and biases
- Avoiding emotional reasoning
- Avoiding over simplification
- Considering other interpretations
- Tolerating ambiguity (Critical Thinking) What is metacognition? - ✔✔Thinking about one's own thinking. (Critical Thinking) What are the aspects of critical thinking? - ✔✔- Dispositions (Skeptical, open-minded, respect evidence and reasoning, etc.)
- Criteria (conditions that meet what is being judged)
- Argument (statement or proposition with supporting evidence)
- Reasoning (ability to infer a conclusion)
- Point of view (viewing phenomena from many points of view) (Critical Thinking) What is emotional intelligence? - ✔✔The ability to recognize your emotions, understand what they're telling you, and realize how your emotions affect people around you. (Critical Thinking) What are the characteristics of emotional intelligence? - ✔✔- Self-Awareness
- Self-Regulation
- Motivation
- Empathy
- Social Skills (Critical Thinking) What are some ways to improve emotional intelligence? - ✔✔- Observe how you react to people
- Look at your work environment
- Do a self-evaluation
- Examine how you react to stressful situations
- Take responsibility for your actions
- Examine how your actions will affect others (Critical Thinking) What is multiple intelligence? - ✔✔The theory that people possess different kinds of minds and therefore learn, remember, perform, and understand in different ways. (Ethics) What are the fundamentals to effective policing? - ✔✔Integrity and Ethics (Ethics) What is an ethical dilemma? - ✔✔A situation in which an individual does not know the right course of action, has difficulty doing what they consider to be right and finds the wrong choice very tempting (Ethics) What are the five "I's" of police profession? - ✔✔- Integrity
- Intellect
- Industry
- Initiative
- Impact (Ethics) What is moral commitment? - ✔✔The fortitude to do the right thing in face of pressures to act otherwise. (Ethics) What does the public expect law enforcement to be? - ✔✔- Fair
- Principles
- Character
- Duty (Ethics) What are some ethical theories? - ✔✔- Virtual ethics
- Utilitarianism
- Kantianism
- Contract theory
- Care ethics (Ethics) What are the four documents that are the foundational principles for establishing clear ethical guidelines within a police department? - ✔✔- Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
- Oath of Honor
- Law Enforcement Code of Conduct
- Canons of Police Ethics (Ethics) What are barriers to ethical decision making? - ✔✔- Over-Investment
- Rationalization
- Peer Pressure
- Slippery Slope (Ethics) What is the ethical model of the position of advantage? - ✔✔- P: Is it permissible?
- O: What are my options?
- A: What will the aftermath be? (Ethics) What is the A.S.C.T. model? - ✔✔- Alternatives
- Stakeholders
- Consequences
- Telling
A model for ethical decision making (Ethics) What is PLUS? - ✔✔- Policies
- Legal
- Universal
- Self It is ethical filters (Radio) How do you prepare the Radio for your shift? - ✔✔- Fully charged
- Condition: Antenna, Collar mic, Earpiece (Radio) These individuals are the lifeline for a responding officer, and the information conveyed may be the difference between survival and tragedy. - ✔✔Dispatchers (Radio) How should you hold the microphone or handheld radio? - ✔✔Hold it approximately 1 inch from your lips at a 45-degree angle (Radio) What are barriers to radio communication? - ✔✔- Noise
- Language
- Emotion (Radio) What are general radio broadcasts? - ✔✔- Missing persons
- Suspect descriptions
- Stolen Vehicles (Cultural Competency) Define culture. - ✔✔the learned pattern of behavior of any group of people. (Cultural Competency) What is ethnicity? - ✔✔A social identification with a particular religious, racial or national group.
(PCS) Active listening can be divided into three basic skills: - ✔✔- Attending skills
- Following skills
- Responding skills (PCS) What does the word attending mean? - ✔✔Give your attention physically and mentally which is a form of non-verbal communication. (PCS) What are examples of appropriate body language to show you are listening? - ✔✔- Face the other person
- Slightly lean your body toward the speaker
- Maintain an open position
- Maintain an appropriate distance What are some techniques for following skills/being a good listener? - ✔✔- Using effective "door openers"
- Using simple words and phrases to encourage the person to talk
- Asking open questions
- Using silence effectively (PCS) Why is paraphrasing a good technique? - ✔✔Helps reduce the likelihood of misunderstandings, helps the person feel that the listener is truly paying attention, and it exposes exaggeration. What are some effective guidelines for asking questions? - ✔✔- When appropriate, explain the purpose and direction of your questioning
- Maintain good eye contact with the person
- Make sure body language and other non-verbal cues match your words (PCS) What is the best way to make a request of someone? - ✔✔Ask someone to do something rather than to tell someone to do something.
(PCS) What are the three steps of the basic contact model? - ✔✔- Opening
- Information gathering
- Resolution (Con Law) What are four sources of law? - ✔✔- Constitution
- Statute
- Case law
- Administrative law (Con law) What is a constitution? - ✔✔Document that establishes the government of a nation or a state. (Con law) What is a statute? - ✔✔Federal or state law enacted by elected members of the legislature. (Con law) What is a case law? - ✔✔Law created by the judiciary as a result of interpreting existing laws. (Con law) What is an administrative law? - ✔✔Created by administrative agencies, including regulations, policies and procedures, hearings, and appeals hear by the agencies (Con law) What are the three branches of government? - ✔✔- Legislative
- Executive
- Judicial (Con law) What does the legislative branch do? - ✔✔Confirms or rejects presidential appointments and has the authority to declare war. It includes congress (senate and house of reps) (Con law) What does the executive branch do? - ✔✔Carries out and enforces laws. includes president, vp, cabinet, executive depart.. etc.
(Con law) The Wisconsin court system is what branch of government in Wisconsin? - ✔✔Third (Con law) A crime is conduct which is prohibited by _______ and punishable by _____ or ______ or both.
- ✔✔- State law
- Fine
- Imprisonment (Con law) Conduct punishable only by _____ is not a crime. - ✔✔Forfeiture (Con law) What is criminal complaint? - ✔✔Legal document setting forth law violated (the charges) and facts sufficient to support a finding of probable cause to support charges. (Reviewed by magistrate to determine sufficiency) (Con law) When is a criminal complaint issued? - ✔✔It is issued when there is a criminal proceeding which a LEO provides complaint information to DA. (Con law) Which court is considered the "error-correcting" court? - ✔✔Wisconsin Court of Appeals (Con law) Under which U.S. code does it define "Indian Country"? - ✔✔18 U.S. Code, Section 1511 (Con law) What criminal matters are handled by Tribal jurisdiction? - ✔✔Misdemeanors (Con law) How many federally recognized tribes are in Wisconsin? - ✔✔ 11 (Con law) Who passes criminal laws? - ✔✔By state legislature (Con law) What does "Beyond a Reasonable Doubt" mean? - ✔✔The legal burden of proof required to affirm a conviction in a criminal case. Evidence must be so strong that there is no reasonable doubt that the defendant committed the crime.
(Con law) Who does the burden of proof fall on in civil cases? - ✔✔The plaintiff (Con law) Who does the burden of proof falls on in criminal cases? - ✔✔The prosecution (Con law) What does the presumption of innocence outline? - ✔✔Defendants are not required to prove their innocence. The law presumes every person charged with the commission of an offense to be innocent. (Con law) What is the highest standard of proof in any judicial proceeding? - ✔✔Reasonable doubt (Con law) What amendments back up beyond a reasonable doubt? - ✔✔The "due process clause" of the 5th amendment and 14th amendment (Con law) What is the standard of proof in civil litigation and municipal court? - ✔✔proof by a "preponderance of evidence" or proof by "clear and convincing evidence". (Con law) What is the burden of proof for temporary detention? - ✔✔Reasonable suspicion (Con law) What is the burden of proof for a frisk? - ✔✔Detention & danger of physical injury (Con law) What is the burden of proof for arrest? - ✔✔Probable cause (Con law) What is criminal procedure? - ✔✔Rules designed by legislature and courts to ensure that the person who is convicted of a criminal violation is the person who committed the violation. (Con law) Criminal charges usually originate in one of two ways: - ✔✔- LEO makes an arrest on probable cause
- DA files a criminal complaint before the person charged (the defendant) is in custody. (Con law) What are the factors of criminal procedure? - ✔✔- Case initiated by filing of charges
