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An overview of the human respiratory system, focusing on the alveoli and their role in gas exchange. how the alveoli are adapted for efficient gas exchange through their large surface area, short diffusion pathways, and rich blood supply. Additionally, it discusses the importance of maintaining a steep concentration gradient and the role of ventilation in the process.
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Gas Exchange and Blood Our lungs are specially adapted to help us exchange gas quickly and efficiently. Inside the lungs the …………………………………… diffuses from the air into the blood and the …………………………… …………………………….. diffuses from the blood into the air. Read the learning list on the next page and then add labels to this diagram to show how the alveoli are adapted for gas exchange. Thorax Abdomen
Learning List – Gas Exchange
a) You breathe in air. Breathing in and out (a ventilation mechanisms) maintains a steep concentration gradient between the oxygen (and carbon dioxide) in the alveoli and the blood. or b) You breathe in oxygen rich air. Breathing in and out (a ventilation mechanisms) maintains a steep concentration gradient between the oxygen (and carbon dioxide) in the alveoli and the blood so that the rate of diffusion is faster. Gas Exchange Summary Name as many exchange surfaces as you can. You should include mammals, fish, and plants. Complete the missing words: Common features of all exchange surfaces are:
Read the information below. (Revision Tip – when faced with lots of complicated information split it up into smaller chunks and add pictures to help you understand key sentences.) Large multicellular organisms, such as humans and fish, have a small surface area to volume ratio. This means that they cannot absorb enough substances, like oxygen and glucose, through there surface to meet the demand of their body. Therefore they have evolved special exchange surfaces (like alveoli) and transport systems (like blood, blood vessels and the heart) that allow them to absorb and then transport these vital substances to each and every cell that needs it. Blood is a tissue that transports many of these vital substances around your body, for example oxygen absorbed from alveoli travels in the blood around the body to a muscle cell so that the muscle cell can use the oxygen in aerobic respiration. Learning List – Blood
