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Download GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES: PANCREATIC + HEPATIC DISEASE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
what is pancreatitis - ANS-Wwv-— sclf-digestion of pancreas by digestive enzymes — acute vs chronic what are the risk [actors of pancreatitis - ANS-WW— breed -—> schnauzers + yorkshire terriers — Age ——> older animals — Weight -—> obesity — Dict -—> high fat (hypertriglyceridcamia) — hypotension what are the clinical signs for pancreatitis - ANS-WW- anorexia — yomiting — lethargy — abdominal pain -—> prayer position — pyrexia how do you diagnose panereatitis - ANS-Wwv-— bload test -—> routine haematology + biochemistry, used to use amylase + lipase, canine/feline pancreatic lipase (cPLI/FPLD) more reliable — imaging ——> ultrasound > radiography — Biopsy not routinely done how do you treat acute pancreatitis - ANS-Wwv-— nutrition -—> if vomiting nil by mouth, if not feed low-fat dict throughout +/— panercatic enxymes — WNT — analgesia — supportive treatment ——> anti-cmetics, anti-oxidants what is the nursing care for acule pancreatitis - ANS-WW— analgesia — hydration — nutrition -—> low fat diet (feeding tube) — monitor parameters — administration af medication how do you manage chronic pancreatitis - ANS-Wv— low fat dict — fluid + clectrolyte support if needed — owner support and adyice — +/— pancreatic enzyme supplementation what is exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EP1) - ANS-WW-— inadequate production of exocrine pancreatic enzymes — cannot digest food ——> nutrients lost in faeces — dogs > cats — occur carly in life (-2yr}) --> immune mediated — occrur later in life = secondary to panercatitis what are the clinical signs of EP] - ANS-WW— diarrhoca (steatorrhoca) — jaundice — hepatomegaly — ascites — weight loss — bleeding — drug intolerance what is hepatocnecphalopathy — ANS-Wwv-— occurs when >70% hepatic tissuc lost — no longer able to filter out metabolites — ammonia not broken down to urea — neurological signs what are the neurological signs of hepatoencephalopathy — ANS-WW-— vacantness — fly catching — head pressing — aggression — seizures how do you diagnose hepatic disease — ANS-WWv— history + clinical signs — blood tests ——> inerease ALTYALKDP/A ——> inerease bilirubin ——> Decrease albumin/globulin ——> increase ammonia ——> bile acid stimulation test — haematology ——> clotting profile what are the diagnostic tests that can diagnose hepatic discase — ANS-Wv— radiography — ultrasound — biopsies -—> FNA ys trucut/wedge what are the general trealment aptions [or hepalic disease - ANS-WW-— analgesia — IVFT — dietary modification — hepatic enzymes (c.g. SAMe) — supportive treatment (e.g, anti-emcties, gastro—protectants) — treatment of underlying cause what is hepatic lipidosis - ANS-WW-— accumulation of excess fat within hepatocytes — leads to cellular dysfunction and cholestas: — often follows period of anorexia — patients often abese — start feeding ASAP and may be reversible -—> feeding tube often needed what are portosystemic shunts — ANS-WW-— bload bypasses liver -—> ammonia + potential toxins enter circulation — usually congenital — clinical signs often worsen with feeding 
