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Diltiazem Drug Profile: Action, Dosage, Contraindications, Reactions, Slides of Medical statistics

A comprehensive drug profile for diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker used to manage rapid ventricular rates associated with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. The mechanism of action, indications and contraindications, dosage information for adults and pediatrics, onset and duration of action, and potential adverse reactions. It also includes notes on administration, incompatibilities, and drug interactions.

What you will learn

  • What is the mechanism of action of Diltiazem?
  • What are the indications for using Diltiazem?
  • What are the contraindications for using Diltiazem?

Typology: Slides

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

virgyn67
virgyn67 🇺🇸

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GD-059-PHS-EMS: Drug Profile for Diltiazem
GENERIC NAME: DILTIAZEM
BRAND NAME: Cardizem
CLASS: Calcium Channel Blocker
Calcium antagonist
Mechanism of Action:
Pharmacological: Inhibits calcium ion influx across cell membranes during
cardiac depolarization, decreases SA and AV conduction and dilates coronary and
peripheral arteries and arterioles.
Clinical effects: Slows the rapid ventricular rate associated with atrial fibrillation
and atrial flutter, and reduces coronary and peripheral vascular resistance.
Indications and Field Use:
Rapid ventricular rates associated with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, and for
PSVT refractory to adenosine.
Contraindications:
Hypotension (less than 90 mmHg systolic)
Acute Myocardial infarction
Cardiogenic shock
Ventricular tachycardia or wide-complex VT of unknown origin
Second or third-degree AV block
Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome
Sick Sinus syndrome
Beta Blocker Use
Adverse Reactions:
CV: hypotension, bradycardia, heart block, chest pain, and asystole
GI: nausea and vomiting
CNS: headache, fatigue, drowsiness
NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION
Incompatibilities/Drug Interactions:
Avoid use in patients with poison- or drug-induced tachycardia.
Calcium chloride can be used to prevent the hypotensive effects of this drug and
treat patients with a calcium channel blocker overdose.
Beta blocker use
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GENERIC NAME: DILTIAZEM

BRAND NAME: Cardizem CLASS: Calcium Channel Blocker Calcium antagonist

Mechanism of Action:

Pharmacological: Inhibits calcium ion influx across cell membranes during cardiac depolarization, decreases SA and AV conduction and dilates coronary and peripheral arteries and arterioles. Clinical effects: Slows the rapid ventricular rate associated with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, and reduces coronary and peripheral vascular resistance.

Indications and Field Use:

Rapid ventricular rates associated with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, and for PSVT refractory to adenosine.

Contraindications:

Hypotension (less than 90 mmHg systolic) Acute Myocardial infarction Cardiogenic shock Ventricular tachycardia or wide-complex VT of unknown origin Second or third-degree AV block Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome Sick Sinus syndrome Beta Blocker Use

Adverse Reactions:

CV: hypotension, bradycardia, heart block, chest pain, and asystole GI: nausea and vomiting CNS: headache, fatigue, drowsiness

NOTES ON ADMINISTRATION

Incompatibilities/Drug Interactions:

Avoid use in patients with poison- or drug-induced tachycardia. Calcium chloride can be used to prevent the hypotensive effects of this drug and treat patients with a calcium channel blocker overdose. Beta blocker use

Adult Dosage:

Initial: 0.25 mg/kg IVP (usually 20 mg) administered over 2 minutes

If response is inadequate, repeat in 15 minutes: 0.35 mg/kg IVP administered over 2 minutes Maintenance infusion: 5.0 to 15 mg/hr

Pediatric Dosage:

The safety and efficacy of this drug for use in children has not been established.

Route of Administration:

Intravenous bolus(es) followed by a maintenance infusion

Continuous infusion for maintenance Standard solution: Dilute 100mg (20 ml) in NS 80ml (1 mg/ml) Dosage: 5 to 10 mg/hr initially; may be adjusted to 15mg/hr if needed

Onset of Action:

IV - immediately

Peak Effects:

IV - 2 hours or less

Duration of Action:

IV - 4 to 6 hours

Dosage Forms/Packaging:

Injection - 5.0 mg/ml 5.0 ml and 10 ml vials Powdered Form-25 mg vial, (2)