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A1 German Grammar: A Comprehensive Guide to Basic German Language Skills, Study notes of German Language

A comprehensive overview of basic german grammar, covering essential topics such as the alphabet, pronunciation, verb conjugation, and noun genders. It includes examples and exercises to help learners solidify their understanding of the language. Suitable for beginners and those looking to refresh their german grammar knowledge.

Typology: Study notes

2024/2025

Available from 03/21/2025

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A1
Unit 1 Alphabet and pronunciation
Unit 2 Diphthongs and constant combinations
Unit 3 Pronouns in the nominative case
Unit 4 Articles in the nominative case
Unit 5 German nouns and their genders
Unit 6 Verb sein in present
Unit 7 Verb sein in imperfect
Unit 8 Verb haben
Unit 9 Present tense
Unit 10 Modal Verbs
Unit 11 Nominalization of verbs
Unit 12 Adjective endings in nominative case
Unit 13 Making plural nouns
Unit 14 Numbers in German
Unit 15 Accusative case
Unit 16 Pronouns in accusative case
Unit 17 Prepositions with accusative case
Unit 18 Questions with interrogative pronouns
Unit 19 Asking questions without interrogative pronouns
After completing level A1, you'll be able to:
understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases
aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type.
introduce yourself and others and ask and answer questions about personal
details such as where they live, people they know and things they have.
interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is
prepared to help.
understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases
aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type.
introduce yourself and others and ask and answer questions about personal
details such as where they live, people they know and things they have.
interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is
prepared to help.
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A

Unit 1 Alphabet and pronunciation Unit 2 Diphthongs and constant combinations Unit 3 Pronouns in the nominative case Unit 4 Articles in the nominative case Unit 5 German nouns and their genders Unit 6 Verb sein in present Unit 7 Verb sein in imperfect Unit 8 Verb haben Unit 9 Present tense Unit 10 Modal Verbs Unit 11 Nominalization of verbs Unit 12 Adjective endings in nominative case Unit 13 Making plural nouns Unit 14 Numbers in German Unit 15 Accusative case Unit 16 Pronouns in accusative case Unit 17 Prepositions with accusative case Unit 18 Questions with interrogative pronouns Unit 19 Asking questions without interrogative pronouns

After completing level A1, you'll be able to:

 understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases

aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type.

 introduce yourself and others and ask and answer questions about personal

details such as where they live, people they know and things they have.

 interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is

prepared to help.

 understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases

aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type.

 introduce yourself and others and ask and answer questions about personal

details such as where they live, people they know and things they have.

 interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is

prepared to help.

German Alphabets

Much like the English alphabet, German has 26 standard letters. However, the

German alphabet contains one additional character and umlauted forms of three

vowels.

 A = ah Apfel  B = bay Banane  C = tsay Chor  D = day Deutschland  E = ay Elefant  F = eff Fisch  G = gay Giraffe  H = hah Haus  I = eeh Igel  J = yot joghurt  K = kah Kino  L = ell Liebe  M = em Mann  N = en Nacht  O = oh Orange  P = pay Party  Q = koo Quiz  R = air/err Rot  S = es Sonne  T = tay Tee  U = ooh uhr  V = fow Vogel  W = vay wasser  X = iks xylophon  Y = oopsilohn yoga  Z = tset zoo Umlaute ä as ‘ae’, eeh ö as ‘oe’, oeh ü as ‘ue ueh ß = ss only letter that will never be at the beginning of a word

Personal Pronoun ( Nominative)

Capitalise all nouns. Definite Articles (nominative) Der/Die/Das – the Singular Plural Personal Pronoun Masculine (m) Der Mann Die Manner er Feminine (f) Die Frau Die Frauen sie Neuter (n) Das Madchen Die Madchen es Plural - die Indefinite Articles A or an – ein, eine der die das Ein Mann Eine Frau Ein Madchen 1 st^ Person ich I 2 nd^ Person Du do You Sie You (Formal) 3 rd^ Person Er air he sie she es it Plural 1st^ person Wir wear we Plural 2nd^ person Ihr ear You all Sie You (formal) Plural 3rd^ Person sie they

Basic Phrases and Vocabulary  Guten Tag = Good Day  Guten Morgen = Good Morning  Guten Abend = Good Evening  Gute Nacht = Good Night  Auf Wie der sehen = Good Bye, horen  Tschuss = Bye  Bis until Spater later = See you later  Bis bald = See you soon  Bis morgen = See you tomorrow  Hallo = Hello  Es tut mir leid = I am sorry  Ent schuld E gung = Excuse me  Sprechen Sie Englisch? = Do you speak English?  Wie geht es dir? = How are you?  Gut, danke = Fine, thank you  Nett, Sie kennen zu lernen = Nice to meet you  Danke = Thank you  F Vielen Dank = Thanks a lot  Bitte = Please  Bitte schon = Welcome  Wie komme ich zu …? = How can I get to …? Auf Wiedersehen = Goodbye

Wohnen – to reside, to live Spielen - - to play Kaufen – To buy Schlafen -- To sleep Machen – To do Studieren – To Study Fragen - - To question Sagen – To say

If the ending of the verb is – s, -- ß, --z. Then they don’t add an – st in du case but a simple t. Tanz en – to dance du tanzt Sitz en – to sit du sitzt If the ending of the verb is – d, --t. Then they don’t add an Du – st in du case but --est. Ihr --t gets – et. Arbeit en -- to work Antworten -- to answer Warten -- to wait

Grüß dich! Which greeting or farewell would be appropriate to the following situations? Choose from the list; there may be more than one correct answer for some situations. Auf Wiedersehen! Gute Nacht! Guten Abend! Guten Morgen! Guten Tag! Hallo! Mahlzeit! Tschüss!

  1. your German instructor entering the classroom _________________________________________
  2. two students saying goodbye _________________________________________
  3. two students sitting down for lunch together _________________________________________
  4. a mother as she tucks in her child at night _________________________________________
  5. a student leaving a professor’s office _________________________________________
  6. family members greeting each other in the morning _________________________________________

Hello, my name is …….. Gutan Tag, ich heisse … mein Name ist ….. Q - Wie How heißen Sie? (formal) Q – Wie heißt du? (informal) How are you? (formal) - Wie geht es Ihnen? (informal) – Wie geht es dir? dear I am fine, thanks. And You? Mir geht es gut, danke. Und Ihnen/dir

Personal Pronoun II (Dative) Indirect object pronouns I gave the book to Anna. Anna is the indirect object noun = to her * (no use of to in german) 1 st^ person mir (me) 2 nd^ Person dir (you) Ihnen (you formal) 3 rd^ Person ihm (him) ihr (her) ihm (it) Plural 1st^ Person uns (us) Plural 2nd^ Person euch (you) Plural 3rd^ Person ihnen

For now, let’s just look at a list of common verbs that are followed by the dative case:

 helfen (to help)

 geben (to give)

 glauben (to believe)

 danken (to thank)

 antworten (to answer)

 folgen (to follow)

 verzeihen (to forgive)

 stimmen (to agree with)