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Glossary
Course: Sensitive Compartmented Information Refresher
Access- The ability or opportunity to obtain knowledge of classified or sensitive information
Access Approval- Formal authorization for an individual to have access to classified information within a Special Access Program or a Controlled Access Program (CAP), including Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI); access requires formal indoctrination and execution of a non-disclosure agreement.
Access Certification- Temporary certification for access to another organization/SCI facility to accomplish a task, or to attend a meeting or seminar; the parent organization or supporting SSO will certify accesses.
Access Control- A procedure to identify and/or admit personnel with proper security clearance and required access approval(s) to information or facilities using physical, electronic, and/or human controls.
Access Control System- A system of physical, electronic and/or human controls used to identify and/or admit authorized personnel to a facility or controlled area, e .g., Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF) or internal compartmented area.
Access Eligibility Determination- A formal determination that a person meets the personnel security requirements for access to a specified type or types of classified information
Access Roster- A database or list of individuals, by name, who are currently authorized access to a particular level of SCI; the database or list will contain the following data elements: name, rank/grade, service, social security number, organizational unit, security clearance, and level of SCI access using only authorized digraphs/trigraphs (such as SI/G/TK/BYE). Access rosters will be marked, handled, and secured as UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY material and as Privacy Act information.
Access Suspension- The temporary withdrawal of one's access to SCI due to a circumstance or incident which has a bearing on SCI eligibility
Accreditation- The formal certification by a cognizant security authority that a facility, designated area, or information system has met Director of National Intelligence (DNI) security standards for handling, processing, discussing, disseminating or storing Sensitive Compartmented Information.
Adjudication- Evaluation of personnel security investigations and other relevant information to determine if it is clearly consistent with the interests of national security
for persons to be granted (or retain) eligibility for access to classified information, continue to hold sensitive positions, or continue to hold positions requiring a trustworthiness decision.
Adjudicative Process- An examination of a sufficient period of a person’s life to make an affirmative determination that the person is an acceptable security risk
Adjudicator- A personnel security specialist who performs adjudications
Adverse Information- See: “Issue Information.”
AIS - Automated Information Systems
Alien- Any person who is not a citizen or national of the United States
Appeal- A formal request under the provisions of Executive Order 12968, Section 5.2., for review of a denial or revocation of access eligibility
Applicant- A person other than an employee who has received an authorized conditional offer of employment for a position that requires access to classified information
ASD (C 3 I) - Assistant Secretary of Defense, Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence
ASSO - Assistant SSO
AT/FP - Anti- Terrorism/ Force Protection
ATO - Approval to Operate
Authorized Adjudicative Agency- Any agency authorized by law, regulation, or direction of the Director of National Intelligence to determine eligibility for access to classified information in accordance with Executive Order 12968.
Authorized Classification and Control Markings Register- Also known as the "CAPCO Register," this is the official list of authorized security control markings and abbreviated forms of such markings for use by all elements of the Intelligence Community (IC) for classified and unclassified information.
Authorized Investigative Agency- Any agency authorized by law, executive order, regulation or the Director, Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under Executive Order 13381 to conduct counterintelligence investigations or investigations of persons who are proposed for access to sensitive or classified information to ascertain whether such persons satisfy the criteria for obtaining and retaining access to such information.
Background Investigation (BI) - An official inquiry into the activities of a person
applied to information, the unauthorized disclosure of which reasonably could be expected to cause damage to the national security that the original classification authority is able to identify or describe.
Classification Marking and Implementation Working Group- An IC forum comprised of IC and non-IC members that is responsible for coordinating changes to the Authorized Classification and Control Markings Register and associated implementation manual.
Classified National Security Information - Also known as "classified information;" any information that has been determined pursuant to Executive Order 12958, as amended; or any successor orders, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure and is marked to indicate its classified status.
Classifier- An individual who determines and applies a security classification to information or material; a classifier may be an original classification authority or a person who derivatively assigns a security classification based on a properly classified source or a classification guide.
Clearance- See: “Security Clearance.”
Clearance Certification- An official notification that an individual holds a specific level of security clearance and/or access approval(s), authorizing the recipient of the certification access to classified information or materials at that level.
Cleared Escorts- An appropriately cleared U.S. citizen, at least 18 years old, who performs access control/escort duties on limited and minor construction, repair or maintenance projects in Sensitive Compartmented Information Facilities or other classified areas that do not require a Construction Surveillance Technician.
Close and Continuing Relationship- A relationship between two individuals, or group of individuals, characterized by frequent, deliberate, mutual contact and continuing for a period of time, suggesting the relationship is more that than a casual acquaintance. Such a relationship implies emotional involvement, e.g. loyalty, so that subsequent behavior or actions of the SCI-indoctrinated individual could be influenced by the relationship.
Closed Storage- The storage of classified information in properly secured General Services Administration-approved security containers
CNSS - Committee on National Security Systems
Coalition- An arrangement between one or more nations for common action; multi- national action outside the bounds of established alliances, usually for single occasions or longer cooperation in a narrow sector of common interest; or a force composed of military elements of nations that have formed a temporary alliance for some specific purpose.
Codeword- A word or term used to designate a security compartment; often refers to a particular type of SCI.
Cognizant Security Authority (CSA)- The single principal designated by a Senior Official of the Intelligence Community (SOIC) to serve as the responsible official for all aspects of security program management concerning the protection of national intelligence, sources and methods, under SOIC responsibility.
Cohabitant- A person living in a spouse-like relationship with another person
Collateral Information- National security information (including intelligence information), classified Top Secret, Secret, or Confidential that is not in the Sensitive Compartmented Information or other Special Access Program category.
COMINT - Communications Intelligence
Communications Security (COMSEC) - Measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from the possession and study of telecommunications, or to mislead unauthorized persons in their interpretation of the results of such possession and study. This includes crypto security, transmission security, emission security, and physical security of communication security materials and information.
Compartmented Address Book (CAB) - A book listing the message addresses and DCS addressees of all organizations authorized to receive SCI materials.
Compartmented Intelligence- National intelligence placed in a DNI-approved control system to ensure handling by specifically identified and access approved individuals.
Compelling Need- A signed determination by a Senior Official of the Intelligence Community, or his/her designee, that the services of an individual, based upon an assessment of risk, are deemed essential to operation or mission accomplishments.
Compromise- The disclosure or release of classified information to unauthorized person(s). See: "Unauthorized Disclosure."
Compromising Emanations- Unintentional data-related or intelligence bearing signals which, if intercepted and analyzed, disclose classified information being transmitted, received, handled, or otherwise processed by any information processing equipment.
COMPSEC - Computer Security
Condition- See: “Personnel Security – Exception.”
Confidential Source- Any individual or organization that provides information to the
Controlled Access Program Coordination Office (CAPCO) - The Director of National Intelligence’s focal point for issues dealing with controlled access programs and support to the Controlled Access Program Oversight Committee and the Senior Review Group.
Controlled Access Program Oversight Committee (CAPOC) - The forum supporting the Director of National Intelligence (DNI) in the management of controlled access programs; this includes the creation and continuation of controlled access programs including Sensitive Compartmented Information compartments and other DNI special access programs. It includes monitoring these programs through performance audits and evaluations as necessary.
Controlled Area- An area where entry is subject to restrictions for security purposes.
COR - Contracting Officer's Representative
Corroborate- To strengthen, confirm, or make certain the substance of a statement through the use of an independent, but not necessarily authoritative source. For example, the date and place of birth recorded in an official personnel file that could be used to corroborate the date and place of birth claimed on a Standard Form 86. See: "Verify."
Counterintelligence (CI)- Information gathered and activities conducted to protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted for or on behalf of foreign powers, organizations or persons or international terrorist activities, but not including personnel, physical, document, or communications security programs.
CPM - Contract Program Manager
CPSO - Contract Program Security Office
Credit Check- Information, provided by credit bureaus or other reporting services, pertaining to the credit history of the subject of a personnel security investigation
CSA - Cognizant Security Authority
CSO - Court Security Officer
CSSO - Contractor Special Security Officer
CTTA - Certified TEMPEST Technical Authority
CUA - Co-Utilization Agreement
Custodian- Any person who has possession of, is charged with, or otherwise has assigned responsibility for the control and accountability of classified.
DAC-2A 2 - DAC Accreditation Branch
DAC-2A3 - DAC Security Awareness Branch
DAC-2A4 - DAC Policy Branch
DAC-3C - DAC Special Security Branch
DAC-3D - DAC Investigation and Polygraph Branch
Damage Assessment- The analysis of the impact on national security of a disclosure of classified information to an unauthorized person
Damage to the National Security- Harm to the national defense or foreign relations of the U.S. from the unauthorized disclosure of information, taking into consideration such aspects as the sensitivity, value, and utility of that information
Data- Information, regardless of its physical form or characteristics, that includes written documents, automated information systems storage media, maps, charts, paintings, drawings, films, photos, engravings, sketches, working notes, and papers, reproductions thereof by any means or process ; and sound, voice, magnetic, or electronic recordings in any form.
DCI - Director of Central Intelligence
DCID - Director of Central Intelligence Directive
DCII - Defense Clearance and Investigations Index
DCS - Defense Courier Service
DD Form 254 (DoD Contract Security Classification Specification) - Document that provides guidance to both the contractor and the government. It is a legal document that directs the contractor about the proper protection of classified material released under the contract.
Debriefing- The process of informing a person their need-to-know for access is terminated.
Declassification- The authorized change in the status of information from classified to unclassified information
DEERS - Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System
Defense Central Index of Investigations (DCII) - An automated Department of Defense (DoD) repository that identifies investigations conducted by DoD investigative
relevant information, or both, that an uncleared person is ineligible for access to classified information or special nuclear material. See: "Revocation."
Derivative Classification- Incorporating, paraphrasing, restating, or generating in new form information that is already classified, and marking the newly developed material consistent with the classification markings of the source of the information. Derivative classification includes the classification of information based on classification guidance. The duplication or reproduction of existing classified information is not derivative classification.
Derogatory Information- Issue information that could adversely reflect on a person’s loyalty, reliability and trustworthiness
Designated Intelligence Disclosure Official (DIDO) - The heads of IC organizations or those U.S. Government Officials who have been designated by the DNI, in writing, as having the authority to approve or deny disclosure or release of uncaveated intelligence information to foreign governments in accordance with applicable disclosure policies and procedures.
Determination Authority - Personnel Security- A Senior Official of the Intelligence Community’s designee given responsibility for decisions with respect to access eligibility
Deviation- See: “Personnel Security – Exception.”
DIA - Defense Intelligence Agency
DIAM - Defense Intelligence Agency Manual
Director of Central Intelligence Directive (DCID) - A directive issued by the Director of Central Intelligence that establishes general policies and procedures to be followed by intelligence agencies and organizations that were under his jurisdiction prior to the passage of the IRTPA. Note: Future Intelligence Community Directives, Intelligence Community Policy Memoranda and Intelligence Community Policy Guidance documents issued by the Director of National Intelligence will supersede all Director of Central Intelligence Directives.
DISA - Defense Information Systems Agency
Disclosure- Showing or revealing classified information, whether orally, in writing or any other medium, without providing the recipient material for retention. See "Release."
DISCO - Defense Industrial Security Clearance Office
Dissemination- The provision of national intelligence to consumers in a form suitable for use.
DNI - Director of National Intelligence
DNI - Director of Naval Intelligence
DNI SSC - Director of National Intelligence Special Security Center
DOB - Date of Birth
Document and Materials - Any recorded information, regardless of its physical form or characteristics, including, without limitation, written or printed matter, automated data- processing storage media, maps, charts, paintings, drawings, films photographs, engravings, sketches, working notes and papers, reproductions of such things by any means or process, and sound, voice, magnetic or electronic recordings in any form.
DoD - Department of Defense
DODIIS - Department of Defense Intelligence Information System
DOHA - Defense Office of Hearings and Appeals
DON - Department of Navy
Downgrading- A determination by the relevant classification authority that information classified and safeguarded at a specified level shall be classified and safeguarded at a lower level.
DR, DIA - Director, Defense Intelligence Agency
DSB - Defensive Security Brief
DSN - Defense Switches Network
DSS - Defense Security Service
DSSS - Defense Special Security System
DSSCS - Defense Special Security Communication System
DTG - Date-Time-Group
Dual Citizen- Any person who is simultaneously a citizen of more than one country.
Due Process - Advising an individual that he or she has been determined ineligible for SCI access. This process gives reasons for the denial and affords the person an opportunity to appeal the decision.
Entrance National Agency Check (ENTNAC) - A personnel security investigation scoped and conducted on first-term enlistees into the military. This investigation type was discontinued in FY06 and has been replaced by the National Agency Check with Local Agency Checks and Credit Checks.
EO - Executive Order
EOC - Emergency Operations Center
EPL - Evaluated Products List
EPSQ - Electronic Personnel Security Questionnaire
E-QIP - Electronic Questionnaire for Investigations Processing
Espionage- (1) Intelligence activity directed toward the acquisition of information through clandestine means and proscribed by the laws of the country against which it is committed; or (2) Overt, covert, or clandestine activity designed to obtain information relating to the national security with intent or reason to believe that it will be used to the injury of the U.S. or to the advantage of a foreign nation. (See generally, The Espionage Act of 1917, 18 U.S.C., Sections 793, 794, and 798.)
Exception- See: “Personnel Security – Exception.”
Expanded National Agency Check (ENAC) - Personnel security investigation requiring expansion of information developed from the National Agency Check.
Facilities Accreditation- An official determination of the physical, procedural and technical security acceptability of a facility that authorizes its use to protect classified national security information
Facilities Certification- An official notification to the accreditor of the physical, procedural and technical security acceptability of a facility to protect classified national security information
Facility Clearance- An administrative determination by the U.S. Government that a company is eligible for access to classified information or award of a classified contract
FBI - Federal Bureau of Investigation
FDO - Foreign Disclosure Officer
FFC - Fixed Facility Checklist
FGI - Foreign Government Information
Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FINCEN)- An activity of the Department of the Treasury that supports law enforcement investigative efforts and fosters interagency and global cooperation against domestic and international financial crimes; it provides U.S. policy makers with strategic analyses of domestic and worldwide money laundering developments, trends, and patterns. FINCEN works toward those ends through information collection, analysis, and sharing, as well as technological assistance and implementation of the Bank Secrecy Act and other Department of Treasury authorities.
Financial Disclosure- A personnel security requirement for clearance processing that requires subjects to provide information regarding their total financial situation, e.g., assets, liabilities, and indebtedness.
FIS - Foreign Intelligence Service
FMS - Foreign Military Sales
FN - Foreign National
FOIA - Freedom of Information Act
Forced Entry- Entry by an unauthorized individual(s) that leaves evidence of the act
Foreign Contact- Contact with any person or entity that is not a U.S. Person
Foreign Government Information (FGI)- (1) Information provided to the U.S. Government by a foreign government or governments, an international organization of governments, or any element thereof, with the expectation that the information, the source of the information, or both, are to be held in confidence; (2) information produced by the U.S. pursuant to or as a result of a joint arrangement with a foreign government or governments, or an international organization of governments, or any element thereof, requiring that the information, the arrangement, or both, are to be held in confidence; or (3) information received and treated as "foreign government information" under the terms of Executive Order 12958, as amended, or predecessor order.
Foreign Intelligence (FI)- Information relating to the capabilities, intentions and activities of foreign powers, organizations or persons, but not including counterintelligence except for information on international terrorist activities.
Foreign National (FN) - Any person who is not a citizen of the United States
Foreign Ownership, Control or Influence (FOCI)- A U.S. company is considered under foreign ownership, control, or influence whenever a foreign interest has the power, direct or indirect, whether or not exercised and whether or not exercisable through ownership of the U.S. company's securities, by contractual arrangements or other means, to direct or decide matters affecting the management or operations of that company in a manner which may result in unauthorized access to classified information and/or special
Illegal Drug Use- The use of drugs, possession or distribution of which is unlawful under the Controlled Substances Act. Such term does not include the use of a drug taken under the supervision of a licensed health care professional, other uses authorized by the Controlled Substances Act or other provisions of law.
IMA - Individual Mobilization Augmentee
IMINT - Imagery Intelligence
Immediate Family Member- For purposes of personnel security vetting, immediate family members include the spouse, parents, siblings, children, stepchildren and cohabitant of subject or applicant.
Incident of Security Concern- Events that, at the time of occurrence, cannot be determined to be an actual violation of law, but which are of such significance as to warrant preliminary inquiry and subsequent reporting. Examples include drug use and distribution, alcohol abuse, the discovery or possession of contraband articles in security areas, and unauthorized attempts to access classified data.
Individual Mobilization Augmentee (IMA) - A reservist who is assigned to a unit for mobilization during times of contingency, general war, or emergencies
Indoctrination- Formal instruction to an individual approved for access to Sensitive Compartmented Information or Special Access Programs regarding program-unique information and program-specific security requirements and responsibilities.
Industrial Security- A multi-disciplinary security program concerned with the protection of classified information developed by or entrusted to U.S. industry.
Information Security (INFOSEC) - A system of administrative policies and procedures for identifying, controlling, and protecting, from unauthorized disclosure, information that is authorized protection by Executive Order or statute
Information System(s) (IS)- Set of information resources organized for the collection, storage, processing, maintenance, use, sharing, dissemination, disposition, display, or transmission of information.
INFOSEC - Information Security
INFOSYS - Information Systems
Infraction- See: “Security Infraction.”
INSCOM - US Army Intelligence and Security Command
Insider Threat- The ability of a trusted insider to bypass or defeat security safeguards or otherwise adversely affect the national security; see: "Internal Vulnerability."
Intelligence Activities- All activities that agencies within the Intelligence Community are authorized to conduct pursuant to Executive Order 12333.
Intelligence Community Classification and Control Markings Implementation Manual- A companion document to the Authorized Classification and Control Marking Register (CAPCO Register) that provides guidance on the syntax and use of classification and control markings.
Intelligence Sources and Methods- (1) Sources: Persons, images, signals, documents, data bases, and communications media capable of providing intelligence information through collection and analysis programs, e.g., Human Intelligence, Imagery Intelligence, Signal Intelligence, Geospatial Intelligence and Measurement and Signature Intelligence; and (2) Methods: Information collection and analysis strategies, tactics, operations and technologies employed to produce intelligence products. If intelligence sources or methods are disclosed without authorization, their effectiveness may be substantially negated or impaired. (The term "intelligence sources and methods" is used in legislation and executive orders to denote specific protection responsibilities of the Director of National Intelligence.)
Interim Access Authorization (IAA) - A determination to grant access authorization prior to the receipt and adjudication of the individual's completed background investigation. See: "Temporary Access Eligibility."
Interim Security Clearance - A security clearance based on the completion of minimum investigative requirements, which is granted on a temporary basis, pending the completion of the full investigative requirements
Internal Vulnerability- The inside threat posed by an individual, with access to classified national intelligence, including Sensitive Compartmented Information, who may betray his or her trust. See: "Insider Threat:"
Investigation: A duly authorized, systematic, detailed examination or inquiry to develop the facts and determine the truth of a matter. If predicated by an adverse allegation, the investigation will attempt to prove or disprove the allegation in question.
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) - A technical security system designed to detect an attempted or actual unauthorized entry into a secure facility or information systems and alert responders.
IOSS - Interagency OPSEC Support Staff
IPS - Imagery Policy Series
Letter of Compelling Need- A written statement by a program manager or designee that the services of an individual with access eligibility issues, e.g., lacking U.S. citizenship or having foreign national family members, are essential to mission accomplishment
LFC - Local Files Check
LN - Local National
Local Agency Check (LAC) - A review of the appropriate criminal history and court records in the jurisdictions over the areas where the Subject has resided, attended school, or been employed during a specific period of time.
Local Law Enforcement Check- See: “Local Agency Check.”
LOD - Letter of Denial
LOI - Letter of Intent
LON - Letter of Notification
LRC - Local Records Check
MACOM - Major Command
MAJCOM - Major Command
MASINT - Measures and Signals Intelligence
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) - A written agreement among relevant parties that specifies roles, responsibilities, terms, and conditions for each party to reach a common goal.
MILCON - Military Construction
MILDEP - Military Department
MIL-STD - Military Standard
Mitigating Information- Personnel security information that tends to explain or refute factors that could otherwise support denial, revocation, or the granting of access only with an exception.
MOA - Memorandum of Agreement
MOU - Memorandum of Understanding
MP - Military Police
MWA - Metropolitan Washington Area
NAC - National Agency Check
NACI - National Agency Check plus Written Inquiries
NACLC - National Agency Check plus Local Agency Check
NACSIM - National COMSEC Information Memorandum
National Agency Check (NAC)- A personnel security investigation consisting of a review of: investigative and criminal history files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, including a technical fingerprint check; Office of Personnel Management Security/ Suitability Investigations Index; Department of Defense Central Index of Investigations (DCII) and Joint Personnel Adjudication System (JPAS); and such other national agencies (e .g., Central Intelligence Agency, Director of National Intelligence) as appropriate to the individual's background.
National Agency Check with Local Agency Checks and Credit Check (NACLC)- A personnel security investigation covering the immediately preceding five to seven years and consisting of a National Agency Check, financial review, verification of date and place of birth, and local agency checks.
National Intelligence- All intelligence, regardless of the source from which derived and including information gathered within or outside the U.S., that (A) pertains, as determined consistent with any guidance issued by the President, to more than one U.S. Government agency; and (B) that involves: (i) threats to the U.S., its people, property, or interests ; (ii) the development, proliferation, or use of weapons of mass destruction; or (iii) any other matter bearing on U .S. national or homeland security.
National Security Information (NSI) - Any information that has been determined, pursuant to Executive Order 12958, as amended; or any predecessor order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure and that is so designated
NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NCIS - Naval Criminal Investigative Service
NCR - National Capital Region
NdA - Nondisclosure Agreement
NDP - National Disclosure Policy
