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Definitions and terms related to the anatomy and physiology of the chest, including the importance of certain spaces, chest tube insertion sites, rib levels for procedures, and identifying causes of chest pain and respiratory issues. It also covers the differences between wheezing and stridor, and various lung conditions.
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insert needle for pneumothroax TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 4th intercostal space TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 7th rib TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 flex the head TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 2-4cm above the clavicle
from T3 to the 6th rib in the mid-clavicular line TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 anteriorly near the 4th rib to meet the 5th rib laterally TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 anxiety (costochondritis also common) TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 angina pectoris TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 finger pointing to a tender area on chest wall
Mucoid: translucent, white, or gray Purulent: yellowish or greenish TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 Bronchiectasis is destruction and widening of the large airways and it produces large volumes of purulent sputum. TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 Hemoptysis or haemoptysis () is the expectoration (coughing up) of blood or of blood-stained sputum from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs (e.g. TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 Blood originating in stomach is darker than blood from the respiratory tract and may be mixed with food particles. TERM 20
DEFINITION 20 Flu shot which is an inactivated vaccine containing a killed virus and nasal spray vaccine which contains attenuated live viruses (only approved for healthy people between 5- years old).
There are three vaccine strains in each vaccine. Use them especially with: adults with COPD and chronic medical illnesses and adults who are immunosuppressed residents of nursing home and chronic care facilities health care personnel healthy household contacts and caregivers of children younger than 5 years and adults 50 years or older, particularly those with medical conditions placing them at high risk for complications from influenza. TERM 22
DEFINITION 22 Polysaccharide and conjugated both inactive. TERM 23
DEFINITION 23 All adults 65 and older People between ages of 2 and 64 with chronic illnesses specifically associated with increased risk from pneumococcal infection, such as sickle cell, cardiovascular and pulmonary disease, diabetes, cirrhosis, or leaks of CSF Anyone with or about to receive a cochlear implant Alaska natives of certain native American groups Persons 2 years or older who are immunocompromised, including those with HIV infection or AIDS and those receiving steroids, radiation, or chemotherapy TERM 24
DEFINITION 24 inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation TERM 25
DEFINITION 25 thorax wider than it is deep lateral diamter larger than AP diameter
Severe asthma COPD Upper airway obstruction TERM 32
DEFINITION 32 Unilateral dec or delay in chest expansion include chronic fibrosis of the underlying lung or pleura, pleural effusion, lobar pneumonia, pleural pain with associated splinting and unilateral bronchial obstruction Unilateral impairment or lagging of respiratory mvmt suggest disease of the underlying lung or pleura TERM 33
DEFINITION 33 Tracheobronchitis - Inflammation of the trachea and large bronchi in the upper sternal area or on side of sternum, pain gets worse with coughing and better when lying on involved side Reflex esophagitis i. Inflammation of the esophageal mucosa by reflex of gastric acid located retrosternal and may radiate to the back, it gets worse after a large meal, bending over or lying down ii. Antacids may help and other sx include regurgitation and dysphagia TERM 34
DEFINITION 34 Palpable vibrations transmitted through the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall as the pt is speaking Normally decreased or absent over the precordium More prominent in the interscapular areas on right side TERM 35
DEFINITION 35 Normal = 5-6 cm Abnormally high = Pleural Effusion High Diaphragm = atelectasis or diaphragmatic paralysis
Breath sounds (lung sounds) Adventitious (added) sounds Transmitted voice sounds if think there is an abnormality TERM 37
DEFINITION 37 Vesicular- soft or low pitched heard through inspiration, continue w/o pause through expiration, then fade way about 1/3 way through expiration Bronchovesicular equal length in expiration and inspiration, Bronchial - louder and higher in pitch, with short silence b/w expiratory and inspiratory sounds, E length > I length BRONCHIAL may not be heard at all TERM 38
DEFINITION 38 a. Pneumonia b. Fibrosis c. Early CHF d. Bronchitis e. bronchiectasis TERM 39
DEFINITION 39 stridor TERM 40
DEFINITION 40 low pitched wheezing - snoring quality suggests secretions in large airways
lungs will lose their elastic recoil. This should lengthen the expiratory phase. TERM 47
DEFINITION 47 To gather or contract (the lips or brow) into wrinkles or folds; pucker. (dictionary.com) b. Associated with COPD TERM 48
DEFINITION 48 a. Arc welding produces noxious chemicals (especially ozone) that can damage the lungs. (Wikipedia) b. Besides the obvious increasing oxygen demand without the ability to increase supply, Ive got nothing. Still looking. TERM 49
DEFINITION 49 i. Cessation of breathing >20seconds ii. Bates only mentions an increased risk of sleep apnea associated with childhood obesity. From Wikipedia: drug induced (opiate), neurological disease, trauma, or mechanically (strangulation, but Im sure youd notice that) TERM 50
DEFINITION 50 (ataxic breathing) i. Unpredictable irregularity ii. Respiratory depression and brain damage (especially medulla)
hyperpnea followed by apnea Children/ elderly heart failure uremia drug-induced respiratory depression Brain damage TERM 52
DEFINITION 52 deep breathing that may be slow, normal or rapid. (although I usually see it defined as rapid) metabolic acidosis TERM 53
DEFINITION 53 low frequency sounds Pressing hard will cause the bell to act like a diaphragm by stretching the underlying skin. In very thin patients, the diaphragm, may not be able to be used and the bell will take its place as it can fit between ribs.
