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Health |/Assessment |/Exam |/ 2 |/(Ch |/17, |/18, |/19, |/20,
|/22, |/23) |/exam |/questions |/with |/answers
What |/causes |/the |/breast |/grandular |/tissue |/to |/atrophy? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔After |/menopause |/ovarian |/secretion |/of |/estrogen |/and |/progesterone |/decreases-- |/causing |/boob |/to |/sag Gynecomastia |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔man |/boobs- |/common |/in |/adolescence. |/it |/is |/temporary Do |/White |/women |/or |/African-American |/women |/have |/a |/higher |/incidence |/of |/breast |/cancer |/starting |/at |/ 45 |/years |/of |/age? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔White |/Women Do |/White |/women |/or |/African-American |/women |/have |/a |/higher |/incidence |/of |/breast |/cancer |/before |/age |/45? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔African-American Mastalgia |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔breast |/pain |/that |/occurs |/with |/trauma, |/inflammation, |/infection, |/and |/benign |/breast |/disease
Galactorrhea |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔breast |/discharge |/not |/related |/to |/normal |/breast |/feeding |/milk-- |/bloody |/or |/blood-tinged |/discharge |/always |/is |/significant What |/medications |/cause |/nipple |/discharge? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔oral |/contraceptives, |/phenothiazines, |/diuretics, |/digitalis, |/steroids, |/methyldopa, |/calcium |/channel |/blockers When |/should |/women |/have |/a |/clinical |/breast |/examination |/(CBE) |/? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔20-39 |/years |/of |/age, |/every |/ 3 |/years Women |/after |/age |/ 40 |/should |/get |/an |/annual |/CBE What |/is |/the |/best |/way |/to |/detect |/a |/person's |/risk |/for |/breast |/cancer? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔By |/asking |/the |/right |/history |/questions What |/should |/the |/general |/appearance |/of |/a |/normal |/breast |/look |/like? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Symmetry |/of |/size |/and |/shape. |/It |/is |/common |/to |/have |/a |/slight |/asymmetry |/in |/size; |/often |/the |/left |/breast |/is |/slightly |/larger |/than |/the |/right What |/does |/retraction |/signs |/mean? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔there |/are |/fibrosis |/in |/the |/breast |/tissue, |/usually |/caused |/by |/growing |/neoplasms
Cancer |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Solitary, |/unilateral, |/nontender |/mass. |/Solid, |/hard, |/dense, |/and |/fixed |/to |/underlying |/tissues |/or |/skin |/as |/cancer |/becomes |/invasive. |/Signs |/are |/skin |/dimpling, |/nipple |/retraction, |/and |/discharge Fibroadenoma |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Benign |/tumors; |/most |/commonly |/present |/as |/self-detected |/in |/late |/adolescence. |/Solitary |/nontender, |/solid, |/firm, |/rubbery |/and |/elastic. |/Usually |/no |/axillary |/lymphadenopathy Intraductal |/Papilloma |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔These |/are |/discrete |/benign |/tumors |/that |/arise |/in |/a |/single |/or |/multiple |/papillary |/duct. |/May |/have |/serous |/or |/serosanguineous |/discharge Carcinoma |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Bloody |/discharge |/that |/is |/unilateral |/and |/from |/a |/single |/duct |/requires |/further |/investigation Gynecomastia |/(in |/older |/adult) |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Benign |/enlargement |/of |/male |/breast |/that |/occurs |/when |/estrogen |/concentration |/exceeds |/testosterone |/levels Where |/does |/the |/right |/upper |/lobe |/extend |/from? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔The |/apex |/of |/the |/axilla |/down |/to |/the |/horizontal |/fissure |/at |/the |/5th |/rib
Where |/does |/the |/right |/middle |/lobe |/extend? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔From |/the |/horizontal |/fissure |/down |/and |/forward |/to |/the |/6th |/rib |/at |/the |/midclavicular |/line Where |/does |/the |/right |/lower |/lobe |/extend? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Continues |/from |/5th |/rib |/to |/the |/8th |/rib |/in |/the |/midaxillary |/line Where |/does |/the |/left |/upper |/lobe |/extend? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔from |/the |/apex |/of |/the |/axilla |/down |/to |/the |/5th |/rib |/at |/the |/midaxillary |/line Where |/does |/the |/left |/lower |/lobe |/extend? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔continues |/down |/to |/the |/8th |/rib |/in |/the |/midaxillary |/line What |/are |/the |/four |/major |/functions |/of |/the |/respiratory |/system? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔1. |/Supplying |/oxygen |/to |/the |/body |/for |/energy |/production
- |/Removing |/CO2 |/as |/a |/waste |/product |/of |/energy |/reactions 3.Maintaining |/homeostasis |/(acid-base |/balance)
- |/Maintaining |/heat |/exchange |/(less |/important |/in |/humans)
How |/long |/does |/an |/acute |/cough |/last? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔less |/than |/2-3 |/weeks How |/long |/does |/a |/chronic |/cough |/last? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔over |/ 2 |/months Cough |/continuous |/throughout |/the |/day |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔acute |/illness |/(Respiratory |/infection) Cough |/during |/the |/afternoon/evening |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔exposed |/to |/irritants |/at |/work Cough |/during |/night |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔postnasal |/drip; |/sinusitis Cough |/early |/morning |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔chronic |/bronchial |/inflammation |/from |/smoking Hemoptysis |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔coughing |/up |/blood What |/causes |/white |/or |/clear |/mucoid? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔colds, |/bronchitis, |/viral |/infection
What |/causes |/yellow |/or |/green |/mucoid? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Bacterial |/infection |/(requires |/antibiotic) What |/causes |/rust |/colored |/sputum? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔TB, |/pneumococcal |/pneumonia What |/causes |/pink, |/frothy |/mucoid? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Pulmonary |/edema, |/some |/sympathomimetic |/medications |/have |/a |/side |/effect |/of |/pink-tinged |/mucus What |/type |/of |/cough |/does |/mycoplasma |/pneumonia |/cause? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔hacking What |/type |/of |/cough |/does |/early |/heart |/failure |/cause? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔dry What |/type |/of |/cough |/does |/Croup |/cause? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔barking What |/type |/of |/cough |/do |/colds, |/bronchitis, |/and |/pneumonia |/cause? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔congested dyspnea |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔SOB
How |/do |/people |/with |/COPD |/often |/sit? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔in |/a |/tripod |/position Why |/does |/unequal |/expansion |/occur? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Atelectasis, |/lobar |/pneumonia, |/pleural |/effusion, |/thoracic |/trauma |/such |/as |/broken |/ribs Decreased |/fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Occurs |/with |/obstructed |/bronchus, |/pleural |/effusion |/or |/thickening, |/pneumothorax, |/or |/emphysema Increased |/fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔occurs |/with |/compression |/or |/consolidation |/of |/lung |/tissue |/(lobar |/pneumonia) Rhonchal |/fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/palpable |/with |/thick |/bronchial |/secretions Pleural |/fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/palpable |/with |/inflammation |/of |/the |/pleura crepitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/coarse, |/crackling |/sensation |/palpable |/over |/the |/skin |/surface
What |/causes |/Crepitus? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Occurs |/in |/subcutaneous |/emphysema |/when |/air |/escapes |/from |/the |/lung |/and |/enters |/the |/subcutaneous |/tissue What |/is |/a |/healthy |/sound |/from |/the |/lung |/tissue? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Resonance Hyperresonance |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/a |/lower-pitched, |/booming |/sound |/found |/when |/too |/much |/air |/is |/present |/such |/as |/in |/emphysema A |/dull |/note |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔signals |/abnormal |/density |/in |/the |/lungs, |/as |/with |/pneumonia, |/pleural |/effusion, |/atelectasis, |/or |/tumor Crackles |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Rales- |/discontinuous Where |/should |/one |/auscultate |/the |/lungs? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Apices |/at |/C7 |/to |/the |/bases |/(around |/T10) |/and |/laterally |/from |/the |/axilla |/down |/to |/the |/7th |/or |/8th |/rib Bronchial |/(tracheal) |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔High |/Pitched, |/loud, |/greater |/on |/expiration, |/harsh |/hollow Location: |/Trachea |/and |/larynx
egophony |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/an |/increased |/resonance |/of |/voice |/sounds |/heard |/when |/auscultating |/the |/lungs, |/often |/caused |/by |/lung |/consolidation |/and |/fibrosis. |/It |/is |/due |/to |/enhanced |/transmission |/of |/high-frequency |/sound |/across |/fluid, |/such |/as |/in |/abnormal |/lung |/tissue, |/with |/lower |/frequencies |/filtered |/out. whispered |/pectoriloquy |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔refers |/to |/an |/increased |/loudness |/of |/whispering |/noted |/during |/auscultation |/with |/a |/stethoscope |/on |/the |/lung |/fields |/on |/a |/patient's |/torso. |/Usually |/spoken |/sounds |/of |/a |/whispered |/volume |/by |/the |/patient |/would |/not |/be |/heard |/by |/the |/clinician |/auscultating |/a |/lung |/field |/with |/a |/stethoscope. What |/is |/the |/normal |/time |/for |/full |/expiration? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔ 4 |/seconds |/or |/less forced |/vital |/capacity |/(FVC) |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/the |/total |/volume |/of |/air |/exhaled forced |/expiratory |/volume |/in |/ 1 |/sec |/(FEV1) |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/the |/volume |/exhaled |/in |/the |/first |/measured |/second A |/normal |/FEV1/FVC |/ratio |/of... |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔75% |/or |/greater |/means |/there |/is |/no |/significant |/obstruction |/of |/airflow |/present
Mild |/obstruction |/of |/airflow |/is |/a |/FEV1/FVC |/ratio |/of... |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔60% |/to |/70% Moderate |/obstruction |/of |/airflow |/is |/a |/FEV1/FVC |/ratio |/of... |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔50%-60% Severe |/obstruction |/of |/airflow |/is |/FEV1/FVC |/ratio |/of... |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔less |/than |/50% What |/is |/the |/ 6 |/minute |/walk |/test |/used |/for? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/used |/as |/an |/outcome |/measure |/for |/people |/in |/pulmonary |/rehab |/because |/it |/mirrors |/conditions |/that |/are |/lived |/in |/daily |/life
300 |/meters |/in |/6min |/is |/more |/likely |/to |/engage |/in |/activities |/of |/daily |/living Normal |/adult |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔the |/thorax |/has |/an |/elliptical |/shape |/with |/an |/anteroposterior |/to |/transverse |/diameter |/documented |/1:2 |/or |/0. Barrel |/Chest |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Ribs |/are |/horizontal |/instead |/of |/the |/normal |/downward |/slope. |/This |/is |/associated |/with |/normal |/aging |/and |/also |/with |/chronic |/emphysema |/and |/asthma |/as |/a |/result |/of |/hyperinflation |/of |/lungs
Bradypnea |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔slow |/breathing |/<10 |/per |/minute, |/as |/in |/drug-induced |/depression |/of |/the |/respiratory |/center |/in |/the |/medulla Cheyne-Stokes |/Respiration |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Respirations |/gradually |/wax |/and |/wane |/in |/a |/regular |/pattern, |/increasing |/in |/rate |/and |/depth |/-- |/happens |/in |/infants |/and |/aging |/people |/while |/they |/sleep Hyperventilation |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Increase |/in |/both |/rate |/and |/depth-- |/happens |/with |/anxiety, |/fear, |/and |/extreme |/exertion Hypoventilation |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔An |/irregular |/shallow |/pattern |/caused |/by |/an |/overdose |/of |/narcotics |/or |/anesthetics Biot |/Respiration |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔similar |/to |/Cheyne-Stokes |/but |/the |/pattern |/is |/irregular Increased |/Tactile |/Fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Occurs |/with |/conditions |/that |/increase |/the |/density |/of |/lung |/tissue, |/thereby |/making |/a |/better |/conducting |/medium |/vibrations |/[ex: |/pneumonia] Decreased |/Tactile |/Fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Occurs |/when |/anything |/obstructs |/transmission |/of |/vibrations |/[an |/obstructed |/bronchus, |/pleural |/effusion |/or |/thickening, |/pneumothorax, |/and |/emphysema]
Rhonchal |/Fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Vibration |/felt |/when |/inhaled |/air |/passes |/through |/thick |/secretions |/in |/the |/larger |/bronchi. |/This |/may |/decrease |/somewhat |/by |/coughing Pleural |/Friction |/Fremitus |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Produced |/when |/inflammation |/of |/the |/parietal |/or |/visceral |/pleura |/causes |/a |/decrease |/in |/the |/normal |/lubricating |/fluid- |/cause |/course |/grating |/sound |/when |/breathing Atelectatic |/crackles |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔found |/in |/agings |/adults |/that |/are |/bed |/ridden |/persons |/or |/in |/persons |/just |/aroused |/from |/sleep What |/type |/of |/patients |/do |/you |/see |/barreled |/chest? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Patients |/with |/emphysema What |/adventitious |/sound |/do |/you |/hear |/with |/Emphysema? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Wheezing What |/adventitious |/sound |/do |/you |/hear |/with |/Asthma? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Bilateral |/wheezing What |/adventitious |/sound |/do |/you |/hear |/with |/Pleural |/Effusion? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Crackles, |/pleural |/rub
What |/brings |/unoxygenated |/blood |/to |/the |/right |/side |/of |/the |/heart? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔the |/superior |/and |/inferior |/vena |/cava What |/carries |/venous |/blood |/to |/the |/lungs? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Pulmonary |/artery What |/returns |/the |/freshly |/oxygenated |/blood |/back |/to |/the |/heart? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Pulmonary |/veins Pericardium |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔the |/tough |/outer |/layer |/of |/the |/heart |/that |/surrounds |/and |/protects |/it Myocardium |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/the |/muscular |/wall |/of |/the |/heart; |/it |/does |/the |/pumping Endocardium |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔is |/the |/thin |/layer |/of |/endothelial |/tissue |/that |/lines |/the |/inner |/surface |/of |/the |/heart |/chambers What |/side |/of |/the |/lungs |/pumps |/blood |/into |/the |/lungs? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔the |/right |/side
What |/side |/of |/the |/lungs |/pumps |/blood |/into |/the |/body? |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔the |/left |/side (AV) |/Atrioventricular |/valves |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔(R) |/tricuspid |/valve (L) |/mitral |/valve opens |/during |/diastole |/(filling |/stage) (SL) |/Semilunar |/valves |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔are |/set |/between |/the |/ventricles |/and |/the |/arteries-- |/open |/during |/systole Diastole |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔ventricles |/relax |/and |/fills |/with |/blood Systole |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔Heart |/contracts Blood |/is |/pumped |/from |/the |/ventricles |/and |/fills |/the |/pulmonary |/and |/systemic |/arteries S1 |/(first |/heart |/sound) |/- |/CORRECT |/ANSWERS |/✔✔occurs |/with |/closure |/of |/the |/AV |/valves |/and |/thus |/signals |/the |/beginning |/of |/systole loudest |/at |/the |/apex
