Download Terms and Definitions: Middle Ages to Renaissance and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Wat Tyler
(d. 1381) Leader of the English Peasants' Revolt. TERM 2
Boniface VIII
DEFINITION 2 (r. 1294-1303) Pope who reasserted the papacy's supreme authority over secular rulers. TERM 3
Avignon Papacy
DEFINITION 3 From 1309 to 1377, the period of the papacy's residence in the city Avignon in what is today southern France. TERM 4
Great
Schism
DEFINITION 4 (1378-1417) Split within the western church at the end of the Avignon papacy over the three rivals to the office of the pope. TERM 5
Council of Constance
DEFINITION 5 The council in 1414-1418 that succeeded in ending the Great Schism in the Roman Catholic Church.
Catherine of Siena
(1347-1380) Holy woman known for her long fasts and mystic religious experiences; canonized in 1461. TERM 7
John Wycliffe
DEFINITION 7 (ca. 1330-1384) Theologian from Oxford who questioned the fundamental teaching of the church. TERM 8
Jan Hus
DEFINITION 8 (ca. 1369-1415) Czech theologian and reformer condemned as a heretic and burned at the stake. TERM 9
Michael VIII Paleologus
DEFINITION 9 (122482) Byzantine emperor (125982); founder of the Palaeologan dynasty. His reign saw the recovery of Constantinople from the Latins (1261) and the reunion (1274) of the Greek and Roman churches. TERM 10
Genghis Khan
DEFINITION 10 (c. 1204-1227) Mongol ruler who conquered northern China and established the Mongol Empire.
Petrarch
(1304-1374) Francesco Petrarca, one of the first humanist scholars, was responsible for the recovery of numerous works of classical Latin Roman writers. TERM 17
Emmanuel Chrysoloras
DEFINITION 17 (1355-1415) Important Greek scholar who introduced the scientific works of ancient Greek philosophers to the west. TERM 18
Lorenzo de'
Medici
DEFINITION 18 (r. 1469-1492) Ruler of Florence and patron of artists, poets, and humanist scholars during the Italian Renaissance. TERM 19
Michelangelo
DEFINITION 19 (1475-1564) Painter, sculptor, poet, and architect, considered in his time to be the greatest artist Italy had ever produced. TERM 20
Giotto
DEFINITION 20 (1267-1334) Best-known and most influential painter of the Middle Ages.
Filippo Brunelleschi
(1377-1446) Outstanding architect, painter, and engineer who introduced linear perspective in painting and designed the dome of Florence's cathedral. TERM 22
Leonardo da Vinci
DEFINITION 22 (1452-1519) One of the world's greatest artists and engineers, most famous for his painting the Mona Lisa. TERM 23
Book of Hours
DEFINITION 23 Book or manuscript containing a calendar, prayers, and biblical passages for private devotion. TERM 24
Patristics
DEFINITION 24 Study of the writings of the early church fathers such as, Jerome, Ambrose, Augustine, and Pope Gregory I. TERM 25
Desiderius Erasmus
DEFINITION 25 (1469-1536) Dutch humanist, theologian, and textual scholar whose writings influenced the movement for church reform.
L'uomo universale
A person who is successful when it comes to working, and overall universal, knew how to dance, fight, sing, write poetry, and how to create art, and well educated with the classics. Also means that one should be capable of achievements in many areas. TERM 32
Niccolo Machiavelli
DEFINITION 32 (1459-1527) Diplomat and political writer most famous for The Prince, a work instructing rulers on how to govern. TERM 33
The
Prince
DEFINITION 33 A political treatise by the Italian diplomat, historian and political theroist Niccolo Machiavelli. TERM 34
Julius
II
DEFINITION 34 (r. 1503-1513) Pope who was a great patron of artists, especially Michelangelo, and who restored the Papal States to papal control.
