Download History 101 Unit 3 Vocabulary Part 4 | HIST - World History and more Quizzes World History in PDF only on Docsity!
Jacquerie
Peasant revolt of 1358 in northern France directed mainly at the nobility. TERM 2
Thomas Malory
DEFINITION 2 (d. 1471) Author of Le Morte d'Arthur, an English collection of the Arthurian legends, published in 1485. TERM 3
Lorenzo Valla
DEFINITION 3 (1407-1457) Humanist scholar whose influential treatise, written in 1440, showed the Donation of Constantine to be a forgery. TERM 4
Alexander VI
DEFINITION 4 (r. 1492-1503) Pope who was a member of the Spanish Borgia family notorious for the promotion of his illegitimate children and the corruption of his papal court. TERM 5
Caesare Borgia
DEFINITION 5 (1475-1507) Italian cardinal and military leader; model for Machiavelli's prince.
Bosworth Field
The site of the final battle (August 22, 1485) of the Wars of the Roses, in which Henry Tudor, commanding the Lancastrian faction, (afterward Henry VII) defeated Richard III, the last king of the Plantagenet line who led the Yorkist forces. TERM 7
Golden Bull
DEFINITION 7 Decree issued by Emperor Charles IV in 1356 that established the method for electing the Holy Roman emperor. TERM 8
Jagiello
DEFINITION 8 The grand duke of Lithuania, who promised to become a Christian and to unite his duchy (three times the size of Poland) with the Polish crown. TERM 9
Bonfire of the Vanities
DEFINITION 9 A burning of objects condemned by authorities as occasions of sin. The phrase usually refers to the bonfire of February 7, 1497, when supporters of the Dominican priest Girolamo Savonarola collected and publicly burned thousands of objects such as cosmetics, art, and books in Florence, Italy, on the Mardi Gras festival. TERM 10
Praise of Folly
DEFINITION 10 An essay written in Latin in 1509 by Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam and first printed in 1511. The essay was inspired by De Triumpho Stultitiae, written by the Italian humanist Faustino Perisauli, born at Tredozio, near Forli.
Priesthood of Believers
Luther's teaching that all Christians exercised priestly functions in the Christian church. TERM 17
Peasant's War
DEFINITION 17 Uprising, 1524-1525, in southern Germany inspired by Protestant calls for a reform of church and society. TERM 18
Schmalkaldic War
DEFINITION 18 The short period of violence from 1546 until 1547 between the forces of Emperor Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire (simultaneously King Charles I of Spain), commanded by Don Fernando Alvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba, and the Lutheran Schmalkaldic War within the domains of the Holy Roman Empire. TERM 19
Peace of Augsburg
DEFINITION 19 First major treaty, 1555, to accept the split in western Christianity between Protestants and Catholics. TERM 20
Annabaptists
DEFINITION 20 Radical Protestants who practiced a second, adult baptism.
John
Calvin
(1509-1564) Frenchman who founded the Protestant movement known as Calvinism. TERM 22
Huguenots
DEFINITION 22 French Calvinists, so called because they formed a network of Protestant churches. TERM 23
John Knox
DEFINITION 23 (1505-1572) Leader of Calvinist reform of the church in Scotland. TERM 24
Act of Supremacy
DEFINITION 24 Henry VIII's declaration that the king of England was the earthly head of the English church. TERM 25
Elizabeth I
DEFINITION 25 (r. 1558-1603) Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn who ruled after the deaths of her half-brother Edward VI and half- sister Mary.
Index of Prohibited
Books
A list of books that Catholics were forbidden to read. TERM 32
Council of Trent
DEFINITION 32 Catholic Church, council, meeting 1545-1563, that reasserted traditional Catholic teaching and created guidelines for Catholic Church reform. TERM 33
Isabella of Castile
DEFINITION 33 (r. 1451-1504) Queen of Castile (1474-1504). Her marriage in 1469 to Ferdinand V of Castile and Len (later Ferdinand II of Aragon) marked the beginning of a unified Spanish state. Isabella sponsored the voyages of Christopher Columbus. TERM 34
Louis the Spider
DEFINITION 34 (r. 1461-1483)King of France who put down an alliance of unruly nobles and unified France except for Brittany (1423- 1483). So called because his 'web' covered all of France like a web.
