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This document provides a comprehensive overview of the history and development of nursing education in Canada, covering key milestones, the evolution of nursing programs, and the professional standards and regulatory framework for nurses in British Columbia. It also discusses broader healthcare policy issues relevant to the nursing profession.
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Florence Nightingale - ✔✔Known as the founder of modern nursing Florence Nightingale - ✔✔Superintendent of English nurses in Turkey during the Crimean War Florence Nightingale - ✔✔First female statistician 1874 - ✔✔Year that the first hospital diploma school opened in Canada St. Catharines Training School - ✔✔First hospital diploma school in Canada 1881 - ✔✔Year that the School for Nurses at Toronto General Hospital was established Mary Agnes Snively - ✔✔Director of the nursing school at Toronto General Hospital and one of the founders of the Canadian Nurses Association 1898 - ✔✔Year that the Victorian Order of Nurses (VON) was formed Mary Agnes Snively - ✔✔First treasurer of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) 1908 - ✔✔Year that the Canadian Association of Trained Nurses (CNATN) was established
1924 - ✔✔Year that the CNATN was renamed to the Canadian Nurses Association Canadian Nurses Association - ✔✔Grants qualified nurses the legal authority to use the title of "RN" Simone Roach - ✔✔Developed the Code of Ethics in 1979 based on Theory of Caring 1919 - ✔✔Year that the first Canadian undergraduate nursing degree program was established UBC - ✔✔Canadian school with the first undergraduate nursing degree program Weir report - ✔✔Conducted due to concerns about quality of nursing education and exploitation of nursing students Weir report - ✔✔Recommended that nurses receive liberal arts and technical education at the degree level 1965 - ✔✔Year that the Royal Commission on Health Services report called for separation of nursing education from hospital services 1959 - ✔✔Year that the first master's degree program in nursing was established in Canada University of Western Ontario - ✔✔Canadian school with the first master's degree program in nursing
National Nursing Education Framework - ✔✔Describes expectations for baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral programs 1860 - ✔✔Year that the first Nightingale School of Nursing opened Nightingale model - ✔✔Hospital-based model overseen by a trained superintendent, trained staff members (who act as instructors), and nursing students (who provide most of the care) St. Thomas' Hospital - ✔✔Hospital where the first Nightingale School of Nursing was opened 1887 - ✔✔Year that the first Training School for Nurses in Western Canada opened Winnipeg General Hospital - ✔✔Location of the first Training School for Nurses in Western Canada 1891 - ✔✔Year that the Vancouver General Hospital began a school 1899 - ✔✔Year that the International Council of Nurses (ICN) was founded 1905 - ✔✔Year that the Canadian Nurse journal was established Nova Scotia - ✔✔First province to gain legislation that set educational standards and improved nursing care
1979 - ✔✔Year that Sister Simone Roach developed a code of ethics for the CNA 1982 - ✔✔Year that the CNA approved the resolution for baccalaureate as entry-to-practice (BETP) 2000 - ✔✔Target year for implementation of BETP 1988 - ✔✔Year that the New Brunswick Association of Registered Nurses endorsed BETP 1992 - ✔✔Year that PEI implemented BETP Canadian Nurses Foundation - ✔✔Entity that provides scholarships, bursaries, and fellowships for graduate study in nursing 1983 - ✔✔Year that NP university programs were closed due to a lack of funding and legislative support 1995 - ✔✔Year that NP university programs were re-established 2005 - ✔✔Year that NPs were first legislated in BC Professional Responsibility and Accountability - ✔✔BCCNP Professional Standard # Knowledge-Based Practice - ✔✔BCCNP Professional Standard #
Knowledge-Based Practice - ✔✔BCCNP Professional Standard that indicates a nurse "consistently applies knowledge, skills and judgment in nursing practice" Client-Focused Provision of Service - ✔✔BCCNP Professional Standard that indicates a nurse "provides nursing services and works with others to provide health care services in the best interest of clients" Ethical Practice - ✔✔BCCNP Professional Standard that indicates a nurse "understands, upholds, and promotes the ethical standards of the nursing profession" British Columbia College of Nursing Professionals - ✔✔The full name of BCCNP The nurse - ✔✔Who is responsible for establishing and maintaining boundaries in the nurse-client relationship? Dual role - ✔✔Term for a nurse who has both a professional and personal relationship with their client Communication, safe and appropriate nursing care, professional and legal standards - ✔✔Three key purposes of documentation 7 - ✔✔Number of primary values in Part 1 of the CNA Code of Ethics Nursing Values and Ethical Responsibilities - ✔✔Part 1 of the CNA Code of Ethics
Ethical Endeavours Related to Broad Societal Issues - ✔✔Part 2 of the CNA Code of Ethics Nursing Values and Ethical Responsibilities - ✔✔Part of the CNA Code of Ethics which describes the ethical responsibilities central to ethical nursing practice articulated through primary values and responsibility statements. Ethical Endeavours Related to Broad Societal Issues - ✔✔Part of the CNA Code of Ethics which describes activities that nurses can undertake to address social inequities. Advocacy - ✔✔The act of supporting or recommending a cause or course of action, undertaken on behalf of persons or issues 16 - ✔✔Number of BCCNP Practice Standards Ethical sensitivity - ✔✔Ability to recognize when there is an ethical problem/dilemma Moral courage - ✔✔Ability to act on decisions under challenging circumstances Ethical guides - ✔✔General guides, basic truths/assumptions to help determine a course of action Social safety net - ✔✔Network of social programs to protect vulnerable members of Canadian society Medicare - ✔✔Provision of hospital and medical insurance which is funded by general taxation
Romanow Report - ✔✔Report that recommended establishing a new principle of accountability Kirby Report - ✔✔Report that recommended up to date data on Human Resources Kirby Report - ✔✔Report that recommended coordinating initiatives to ensure that adequate numbers of graduates are trained Kirby Report - ✔✔Report that recommended sharing and promoting best practice Canadian Patient Safety Institute - ✔✔Organization that promotes solutions and collaborations to improve patient safety Safety - ✔✔Minimizing risk of harm to patients and providers through system effectiveness and individual performance Quality of care - ✔✔Degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge 4 - ✔✔Number of priority areas of patient safety according to CPSI Equity - ✔✔Distribution of health care and its benefits fairly according to population need Efficiency - ✔✔Optimal use of resources to yield maximum benefits and results
Equity and efficiency - ✔✔Two dimensions of quality measuring performance of system according to the BC Health Quality Matrix Primary care - ✔✔Health care that is about preventing, diagnosing, treating, and managing conditions Primary care - ✔✔Health care that caters more towards individuals and smaller communities Primary care - ✔✔Health care in which the majority of the care is from the hands of the health care provider Primary health care - ✔✔Health care which focuses on health promotion, disease prevention and development of health policies Primary health care - ✔✔Health care that caters towards larger populations, such as the older adult population Primary health care - ✔✔Health care that promotes patient participation in their health care