HOSA Clinical Nursing Competition Practice Exams, Exams of Nursing

Download HOSA Clinical Nursing Competition Practice Exams and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

HOSA Clinical Nursing Competition Practice Exams with Verified Answers

What system has greatly increased the number and types of health care setlings? 5 ANS=Health care system What health care workers help individuals and aggregates (groups) to improve health ol the entire community? = ANS=Community health nurses What is the main difference between home health care nursing and public health care FP ANS=Dircet care to patients nursing? What major health care involves teaching patients and families to care for themsclyes so as to promote independent functioning? FP ANS=Home health care What is a major souree of home health care funding? FP ANS=Medicare For what do these 4 conditions have to be met for? 1. the physician has determined the need for home care 2, the patient needs intermitted skilled nursing care or physical or speech-language therapy or continued occupational therapy 3. the patient is homebound 4, the agency providing the care is Medicare certified PS ANS= Medicare What are the high-technology interventions (the provisions of intravenous therapy and ventilator), hospice services, pediatric care, and mental health care for? — ANS- Specialty home care services What is the process of restoring an individual to the best possible health and functioning following a physical or mental impairment and the prevention of further 2 = ANS=Rchabilitation disability Caring for what type of patient requires the coordinated services of a large number of health care professionals to help patients stay heallhy and prevent complications or ANS=Disabled injuric As an effective member of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team, the a care planner, leacher, caregiver. counselor, coordinator, and advocale FP ANS=Nurse workers must consider the way a disabled individual functions within the family and the patient and family should be involved from the outset in determining the plan of care P ANS=THealth care in activities of daily living is the best indicator of who will need nursing home placement ANS=Dependence What residential care exists in these 4 levels: 1. domiciliary care 2, sheltered housing 3. intermediate care . skilled care © ANS=Modern long-term & The body makes use the energy received through the food that is eaten, and the portion of expenditure occurs during rest lo carry oul the ain life processes | ANS argest/cnergy mechanical activities needed to su Although are the body's main souree of food energy. are the most concentrated source - ANS-C rbohydrates/fats Most of the energy needed to move, perform activities, and live is consumed in the form of . which are converted primarily to glucose for immediate use by the body's cells FS ANS=Carbohydrates are a major source of cnergy for muscle tissue, even when glucose is available FP ANS=ipids are made of smaller units called amino acids S ANS=Proteins and are micronutricnts: they are needed in small amounts for good health = ANS=Vitamins/mincrals is the largest component of the body and body tissucs are essential to all life ses in the body = ANS=Water Maintaining a good dict can help middle-aged and older adults maintain a high level of function and reduce the risks of discase PF AKS=Chronic Because of the normal decline in metabolism and physical activity. needs lessen with age © ANS=Energy are at risk for megaloblastic anemia if adequate is not added to the diet | ANS=Vegetarians/\ ilamin B12 Anorexia nervosa, bulimia. and binge cating disorder are disorders that often begin in adolescence = ANS=Fating disorders are (hought to be caused by multiple biologic, psychologic, sociocultural, and spiritual factors © ANS=Fating For patients who cannot take feedings, nutritional support may be provided through enteral tube feedings, or peripheral. or central cathelers = ANS=oral If a subcutancous injection is to be given at a 90 degree angle, you should choose a needle that is inches in length PF ANS=1/2 Tl a subcutaneous injection is Lo be given alt a 45 degree angle, you should choose a needle that is inches in length — ANS- is enough of a drug to produce the desired physiological response, but = ANS=Therapcutic response not cnough to cause toxicity All should be stored in a locked cabinet FP ANS=Narcotics Narcotics should be frequently. during the opening of narcotic drawers. and/or shift change — ANS-C unted The final aspect of pharmacokinctics is , the process of medications exiting the body through the lungs. exocrine glands, bowel, kidneys, and liver - ANS=F cretion A mcedication's determines the organ of cxerction, For example, gascous and volatile compounds, such as alcohol and nitrous oxide, exit through the FP ANS=Chemical makoup/lungs In medications that exil through sweat glands, you provide lo reduce skin irritation — ANS-H giene You must know if a drug is exereted through the , because the administration of laxalives or enemas increases , accelerales excretion, and thus lessens the Lime for drug effects © ANS=Intestines/peristalsis When patients have reduced function, they are at risk for medication toxicity s ANS=Renal Tt is important to know the exact for which a medication is prescribed sa you can properly patients about a medi tion's intended effect and to accurately NEIL = ANS=Therapeutic effeet/teach evaluate the medication’s desired c Sometimes a single medication have many therapcutic cffec For example, relieves pain and reduces fever and tissue inflammation — ANS- Aspirin are predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a usual therapeutic drug dose — ANS-S ide effects Some antihypertensive medications cause in male patients F ANS=Impotence Tf the side effects are scrious cnough to outweigh the of a medication's therapeutic action, the prescriber will likely the medication — ANS- Benefits/discontinue Patients commonly taking medications because of side effects such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and diarrhea e ANS=Sto Pp drug effects are uninlended. undesirable. and often unpredictable = ANS- Adverse Unfortunately, although ADEs are sometimes immediately apparent. they often take or to develop > ANS=V eeks/months recognition and reporting of ADEs will prevent scrious injury to patients e ANS=Prompt develop after prolonged intake of a medication, when a medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion, or when too high a dose is given PANSH Toxic effects Toxic levels of morphine, an opioid, cause severe and death - ANS- Respiratory depression is second fastest, injected into muscle then absorbed into the bloodstream s ANSE is third fastest, injected into subcutaneous tissue, then absorbed slower than IM PANS=s0 is slowest, swallowed by the patient. then goes through the stomach, then the first pass effect. then absorbed by the digestive tract ANS=r0 The highest scrum concentration ¢ concentration) of a medication usually accurs just before the body absorbs the al the medication FP ANS=Peak/last With infusions, the peak concentration occurs quickly, but the serum level also begins to fall FP ANS=IV/immediately The point at which the lowest amount of drug is in the serum is the concentration = ANS=Trough A patient's trough level is drawn as a blood sample before administering the drug, and the peak level is drawn whenever the drug is expected lo reach ils peak = ANS=30 minutes/concentration What is the right medication, the right dose, the right patient, the right route. the right lime, the right documentation? FP ANS=The 6 rights of medication procedures classified by purpose are: 1. diagnostic 2, exploratory 3. curative 4, palliative 5. cosmetic FP ANS=Surgical procedure involves the removal and study of tissue to make an accurate diagnosis = ANS=Diagnostic procedure includes a more extensive procedure than a biopsy - ANS- Exploratory procedure is made to remove diseased tissue or to correct defects — ANS- Curalive procedure relieves symptoms or improves function without correcting the basic problem = ANS=Palliative procedure is performed to correct scrious defects that affects appearance £ ANS=Cosmetic that affect surgical outcomes are age, nutritional status, fluid and electrolyte balanee, medical diagnoses, drugs. and habits such as use of tobacco and alcohol £ ariables The of the surgical experience are Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative ANS= Phases is the biomedical science of old age and the application of knowledge related to the biologic, biomedical, behavioral, and social aspects of aging to the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care of older people PF ANS=Ceriatr 3 nursing aims to increase healthy behaviors in the aged, minimize and compensate for health-related losses and impairments of aging, and facilitate the @ in the aged © ANS=Corontologi diagnosis, care, and treatment of dis Health care providers must recognize myths about the older adult and aging that results in and agains. older people ANS=Stereotyping/diserimination Age-related that contribute to a decreased ability to clear drugs through the and renal s Changes/liver What is the normal visual activity range for neonates? PANS=20/100 to 20/400 What is involuntary rapid cye movements common in neonates called? — ANS- Nystagmus What is involuntary turning inward of the eyes also common in neonates called? s ANS=Fstropia By ages 2 10 3 most children have a visual acuily of? = ANS=20/50 At what age is visual acuity 20/20? — ANS-7 By what month is the auditory nerve function mature in the infant? — ANS- What month are alertness to light and visual stimulus 8-12 inches away, can follow an object 60 degrees horizontally and 30 degrees vertically; blings at an approaching object milestones for a neonate? — ANS-1 What month are they can follow a person or object for 180 degrees Irom 6 feet away: smiles in response to a face; raises head 30 degrees from prone milestones for a neonate? — ANS-2 What month are they can track an object through 180 degrees: regards own hand; begins visual motor coordination milestones for a neonate? — ANS-3 What month(s) are social smile; reaches for cube 12 inches av notices a raisin 12 inches away; stares al own hand milestones for a neonate? - ANS=4- What month(s) are reac objects from hand to hand milestones for a neonate? = ANS= es and grasps an object: picks up a raisin by raking: trans -8 What month(s) are pokes al holes in a peg board; well-developed pincer grasp: crawls; uncovers toy at sccing it hidden milestones for a neonate? | ANS=8-9 What month(s) are stacks blocks: places a peg in a round hole: stands and walks milestones for a neonate? What is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that lines the inside of the lid and sclera a symptom of? = ANS=Conjuncti iti What docs the “O" stand for in SOAP FP ANS=obijcctive What does the “A” stand for in SOAP FP ANS=Assessment What docs the "P" stand for in SOAP FP ANS=Plan What is the kind of pain that includes discomfort that has a short duration (from a fow seconds lo less than 6 months) FP ANS=Acute pain What is a privately experiences, unplea SANSEP sin ant sensation usually associated with discase or injury What is the kind of pain that inchides the noxious stimuli that are transmitted from the point of cellular injury over peripheral sensory nerve to pathways between the spinal cord and thalamus and eventually from the thalamus to the cerebral cortex of the brain and ig subdivided into somalic and visceral pain FP ANS=Nociceptive pain What is the type of pain that is caused by mechanical, chemical, thermal. or clectrical injuries or disorders affecting bones, joints, museles, skin, or other structures composed of connective tissuc — ANS= matic pain What is another name for superficial somatic pain © ANS=Cutancous pain What type of pain is perecived as sharp or burning discomfort; ch as that from an insect bite or paper cut — ANS= uperficial somatic pain What is pain such as that caused by trauma procedures; localized sensations that are sharp, throbbing, and intense or like a fracture that is dull, aching, diffuse discomfort and is more common with long term disorders such as arthritis FP ANS=Deeper somatic pain What is pain that arises from internal organs such as the heart, kidneys, and intestines that are diseased or injured — ANS-\ is ral pain What kind of pain has some of the following causes: ischemia (reduced arterial blood flow Lo an organ), compression of an organ, and intestinal distention with gas or contraction as occurs with with gallbladder or kidney stones eral pain What kind of pain usually is diffuse, poorly localized, and accompanied by an aulonomic nervous syslem with symptoms such as nausea. vomiling, pallor, hypotension, and sweating PF ANS= Visceral pain What is a term used to describe discomfort that is perceived in a general area of the body but not in the exact sile where lhe organ is and anatomically localed = ANS- Referred pain stem and results from What kind of pain is processed abnormally by the nervous damage to either the pain pathways in peripheral nerves or pain-proce in the brain (ex: phantom limb pain) = ANS Neuropathic pain sing cenlers What is a term that describes discomfort that lasts longer than 6 months and is almost totally opposite [rom those of acule pain FP ANS=Chronic pain What are periods of acute pain for chronic pain sufferers called | ANS=Breakthrough pain What is the last phase of pain impulse transmission during which the brain transmits a response down the spinal nerve to the point where the pain transmissions originated to alter the pain experience called? | ANS=Modulation What is an exaggerated pain response due to increased sensitivity to stimuli such as air current, pressure of clothing, and vibration called? = ANS=Allodynia What refers to the techniques used to prevent, reduce, or relieve pain? | ANS=Pain management What is an analges 2? BANS=Painkiller