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HOSA Clinical Nursing Competition Test Questions
And Answers (Verified)
1. What system has greatly increased the number and types of health care settings ANS Health
care system
2. What health care workers help individuals and aggregates (groups) to improve health of the
entire community ANS Community health nurses
3. What is the main difference between home health care nursing and public health care nursing
ANS Direct care to patients
4. What major health care involves teaching patients and families to care for themselves so as to
promote independent functioning ANS Home health care
5. What is a major source of home health care funding ANS Medicare
6. For what do these 4 conditions have to be met for?
1. the physician has determined the need for home care
2. the patient needs intermitted skilled nursing care or physical or speech-language
therapy or continued occupational therapy
3. the patient is homebound
4. the agency providing the care is Medicare certified ANS Medicare
7. What are the high-technology interventions (the provisions of intravenous therapy and
ventilator), hospice services, pediatric care, and mental health care for ANS Specialty home care services
8. What is the process of restoring an individual to the best possible health and functioning
following a physical or mental impairment and the preven- tion of further disability ANS Rehabilitation
9. Caring for what type of patient requires the coordinated services of a large number of health
care professionals to help patients stay healthy and prevent complications or injuries ANS Disabled
10. As an effective member of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team, the
is a care planner, teacher, caregiver, counselor, coordinator, and advocate ANS Nurse
11. workers must consider the way a disabled individual functions within
the family and the patient and family should be involved from the outset in determining the plan of care ANS Health care
12. in activities of daily living is the best indicator of who will need nursing
home placement ANS Dependence
13. What residential care exists in these 4 levels
1. domiciliary care
3. intermediate care
4. skilled care ANS Modern long-term
- Care delivered in residential facility is based on 3 princi- ples ANS
1. promotion of independence
2. maintenance of function
3. maintenance of autonomy (freedom from external authority to make deci- sions about one's
health and health care) ANS Long-term care
15. What is the cornerstone of the healing process ANS Nutrition
16. To support and maintain life for fight disease, the body must be supplied with the proper ANS
Nutrients
17. What process involves enzymes helping break down food particles to their simplest form so
that the nutrients can be absorbed by the body ANS Di- gestive
18. What body system regulates neural control and the secretion of hor- mones ANS
Gastrointestinal
19. Parasympathetic nerves stimulate what ANS Digestive activity
20. What major organ is normally emptied in 1-4 hours, depending on the amount and kinds of
food eaten ANS Stomach
21. The primary organ of absorption is the ANS Small intestine
22. Fluids, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed through the intestinal
ANS Mucosa
23. The body makes use the energy received through the food that is eaten, and the portion of
expenditure occurs during rest to carry out the mechanical activities needed to sustain life processes ANS - Largest/energy
24. Although are the body's main source of food energy,
are the most concentrated source ANS Carbohydrates/fats
25. Most of the energy needed to move, perform activities, and live is con- sumed in the form of
, which are converted primarily to glucose for immediate use by the body's cells ANS Carbohydrates
26. are a major source of energy for muscle tissue, even when glucose is
available ANS Lipids
27. are made of smaller units called amino acids ANS Proteins
36. If a subcutaneous injection is to be given at a 90 degree angle, you should choose a needle that
is inches in length ANS ½
37. If a subcutaneous injection is to be given at a 45 degree angle, you should choose a needle that
is inches in length ANS 5/
38. is enough of a drug to produce the desired physiological response, but not
enough to cause toxicity ANS Therapeutic response
39. All should be stored in a locked cabinet ANS Narcotics
40. Narcotics should be frequently, during the opening of narcotic drawers,
and/or shift change ANS Counted
41. Report discrepancies in narcotic counts ANS Immediately
42. If you give only part of a premeasured dose of a controlled substance, a
nurse witnesses' disposal disposal of the unused portion ANS Second
43. nurses sign their names on the required form ANS Both
44. is the passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of
administration ANS Absorption
45. After a medication is absorbed, it is to tissues and organs and finally
to the site of drug action ANS Distributed
46. The rate and extent of distribution depends on , cell membrane
, and protein binding. When their is poor perfusion, as in the case of heart failure, this medication distribution ANS Circulation/permeability/al- ters
47. After a medication reaches its site of action, it becomes into a less
active or inactive form ANS Metabolized
48. Most biotransformation occurs in the , although the lungs, kid- neys,
blood, and intestines also play a role ANS Liver
49. Patients (e.g. older adults and those with chronic disease) are at risk for
if their organs that metabolize medications do not function correctly ANS Medication toxicity
50. The final aspect of pharmacokinetics is , the process of medica- tions
exiting the body through the lungs, exocrine glands, bowel, kidneys, and liver ANS Excretion
51. A medication's determines the organ of excretion.
For example, gaseous and volatile compounds, such as alcohol and nitrous oxide, exit through the ANS Chemical makeup/lungs
52. In medications that exit through sweat glands, you provide to
reduce skin irritation ANS Hygiene
53. You must know if a drug is excreted through the , because the ad-
ministration of laxatives or enemas increases , accelerates excretion, and thus lessens the time for drug effects ANS Intestines/peristalsis
54. When patients have reduced function, they are at risk for medica- tion
toxicity ANS Renal
55. It is important to know the exact for which a medication is
58. Some antihypertensive medications cause in male patients ANS Im-
potence
59. If the side effects are serious enough to outweigh the of a med-
ication's therapeutic action, the prescriber will likely the medication- ANS Benefits/discontinue
60. Patients commonly taking medications because of side effects such as
anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, con- stipation, and diarrhea ANS Stop
61. drug effects are unintended, undesirable, and often unpre-
dictable ANS Adverse
62. Unfortunately, although ADEs are sometimes immediately apparent, they
often take or to develop ANS Weeks/months
63. recognition and reporting of ADEs will prevent serious injury to patients ANS Prompt
64. develop after prolonged intake of a medication, when a medication
accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion, or when too high a dose is given ANS Toxic effects
65. Toxic levels of morphine, an opioid, cause severe and
death ANS Respiratory depression
66. Medications often cause unpredictable effects such as an ,
in which a patient or to a medication or has a reaction different from normal ANS Idiosyncratic reaction/overreacts/underreacts
67. Predicting which patients will have an idiosyncratic response is -
ANS Impossible
68. Ativan, an antianxiety medication, which given to an older adult may cause and ANS
Agitation/delirium
69. also are unpredictable responses to a medication ANS Allergic reactions
70. Exposure to an initial dose of a medication causes a patient to become sensitized ANS
Immunologically
71. The medication acts as an , which causes to be produced-
ANS Antigen/antibodies
72. With repeated , the patient develops an allergic response to the drug, its
chemical preservatives, or a metabolite ANS Administration
4. palliative
5. cosmetic ANS Surgical
84. procedure involves the removal and study of tissue to make an accurate diagnosis
ANS Diagnostic
85. procedure includes a more extensive procedure than a biopsy ANS -
Exploratory
86. procedure is made to remove diseased tissue or to correct de- fects ANS Curative
87. procedure relieves symptoms or improves function without cor- recting the basic
problem ANS Palliative
88. procedure is performed to correct serious defects that affects appearance ANS
Cosmetic
89. that affect surgical outcomes are age, nutritional status, fluid and electrolyte balance,
medical diagnoses, drugs, and habits such as use of tobacco and alcohol ANS Variables
90. The of the surgical experience are Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative
ANS Phases
91. measures to reduce patient anxiety and increase knowledge about the surgical
experience may actually decrease complications ANS Nursing
92. teaching should include surgical preparation; what to expect in the surgical suite
and the PACU; what tubes, dressings, or equipment may be in place after surgery; and how patient participation can promote ANS Preoperative/surgery
93. Before , the patient or legal guardian must sign a legal
form. ANS Surgery/consent
94. Consent forms from the patient must be obtained preoperative
medications are given ANS Before
95. After preoperative medications are given the patient should in
bed ANS Remain
96. The team consists of nurses who circulate, nurses who scrub, an RFNA, one or
more surgeons, an anesthesiologist or a nurse anesthesiolo- gist, and other technical personnel ANS Surgical
97. is an ongoing development process that begins at conception and ends at death
ANS Aging
101. Health care providers must recognize myths about the older adult and aging that results in
and against older people ANS Stereotyp- ing/discrimination
102. Age-related that contribute to a decreased ability to clear drugs through the
and renal system place the older adult at risk for adverse drug effects ANS Changes/liver
103. What is the normal visual activity range for neonates ANS 20/100 to 20/
104. What is involuntary rapid eye movements common in neonates called?-
ANS Nystagmus
105. What is involuntary turning inward of the eyes also common in neonates called ANS Estropia
106. By ages 2 to 3 most children have a visual acuity of ANS 20/
107. At what age is visual acuity 20/20 ANS 7
108. By what month is the auditory nerve function mature in the infant ANS 5
109. What month are alertness to light and visual stimulus 8-12 inches away, can follow an object
60 degrees horizontally and 30 degrees vertically; blings at an approaching object milestones for a neonate ANS 1
110. What month are they can follow a person or object for 180 degrees from 6 feet away; smiles in
response to a face; raises head 30 degrees from prone milestones for a neonate ANS 2
111. What month are they can track an object through 180 degrees; regards own hand; begins
visual motor coordination milestones for a neonate ANS 3
112. What month(s) are social smile; reaches for cube 12 inches away; no- tices a raisin 12 inches
away; stares at own hand milestones for a neonate?- ANS 4-
113. What month(s) are reaches and grasps an object; picks up a raisin by raking; transfers
objects from hand to hand milestones for a neonate ANS 7-
114. What month(s) are pokes at holes in a peg board; well-developed pincer grasp; crawls;
uncovers toy at seeing it hidden milestones for a neonate ANS - 8-
115. What month(s) are stacks blocks; places a peg in a round hole; stands and walks milestones
for a neonate ANS 12-
116. What is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that lines the inside of the lid
and sclera a symptom of ANS Conjunctivitis
131. What is a privately experiences, unpleasant sensation usually associat- ed with disease or
injury ANS Pain
132. What is the kind of pain that includes the noxious stimuli that are transmitted from the point
of cellular injury over peripheral sensory nerve to pathways between the spinal cord and thalamus and eventually from the thalamus to the cerebral cortex of the brain and is subdivided into somatic and visceral pain ANS Nociceptive pain
133. What is the type of pain that is caused by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or electrical injuries
or disorders affecting bones, joints, muscles, skin, or other structures composed of connective tissue ANS Somatic pain
134. What is another name for superficial somatic pain ANS Cutaneous pain
135. What type of pain is perceived as sharp or burning discomfort; such as that from an insect
bite or paper cut ANS Superficial somatic pain
136. What is pain such as that caused by trauma procedures; localized sensations that are sharp,
throbbing, and intense or like a fracture that is dull, aching, diffuse discomfort and is more common with long term disorders such as arthritis ANS Deeper somatic pain
137. What is pain that arises from internal organs such as the heart, kidneys, and intestines that
are diseased or injured ANS Visceral pain
138. What kind of pain has some of the following causes ANS ischemia (reduced arterial blood
flow to an organ), compression of an organ, and intestinal distention with gas or contraction as occurs with with gallbladder or kidney stones ANS Visceral pain
139. What kind of pain usually is diffuse, poorly localized, and accompanied by an autonomic
nervous system with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, pallor, hypotension, and sweating ANS Visceral pain
140. What is a term used to describe discomfort that is perceived in a general area of the body but
not in the exact site where the organ is and anatomically located ANS Referred pain
141. What kind of pain is processed abnormally by the nervous system and results from damage
to either the pain pathways in peripheral nerves or pain-processing centers in the brain (ex ANS phantom limb pain) ANS Neuropathic pain
142. What is a term that describes discomfort that lasts longer than 6 months and is almost totally
opposite from those of acute pain ANS Chronic pain
143. What are periods of acute pain for chronic pain sufferers called ANS Break- through pain
