MOTIVATION
Essay
Chaitanya Jeendgar
Chaitanya.jeendgar@yahoo.com
Abstract
How motivation is created in a business? This essay will clear the concepts of motivation as
well as the different theories of motivation.
Word Count: 1481 words
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How motivation is created in business?, Essays (university) of Human Resource Management
This essay is based on how motivation works in an organization? Through this essay the concept of motivation will be cleared.
Typology: Essays (university)
2016/2017
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MOTIVATION
Essay
Chaitanya Jeendgar Chaitanya.jeendgar@yahoo.com
Abstract How motivation is created in a business? This essay will clear the concepts of motivation as well as the different theories of motivation. Word Count: 1481 words
Contents
- Motivation ......................................................
- Introduction ....................................................
- Importance of Motivation .............................
- Characteristics and Nature of Motivation .....
- Motivational Theories ....................................
- Techniques of Motivation ..............................
- Essentials of a sound motivation system ......
- Conclusion ......................................................
7. Higher profits - If the employees are working and increasing the working efficiency then the organization or the company will earn more or higher profits which they were earning before. 8. Higher performance - Highly motivated employees perform better and higher as compared to the employees with low level of motivation. 9. Sense of belongingness - Employees starts to feel that enterprise belongs to them and therefore they will be more concerned about the wellbeing of the enterprise. 10.Facilitates change - The properly motivated employees are more receptive to new things and ready to accept the new changes.
Characteristics and Nature of Motivation
The characteristics and the nature of motivation are as follows:
- Motivation is internal feeling
- Continuous process
- Dynamic process
- A psychological concept
- A way to direct and explain behaviour
- It is the willingness to exert effort
- System-oriented
- Need-satisfying process
- Energising force 10.Positive or negative 11.Whole individual is motivated 12.Frustrated individual cannot be motivated 13.Motivation is different from morale 14.Motivation and job satisfaction are not synonymous
Motivational Theories
There are many theories of motivation which helps the organization to run well in the future and also helps the workers as well as the employees to work more efficiently in the organization. The theories can be different from each other as all theories have different perspective. These theories will require knowledge and understanding of how the employees or staff thinks and of course what motivates them. There are many motivational theories which takes place in the businesses and organizations which are:
- Maslow’s need hierarchy theory
In Maslow’s Theory there are hierarchy of needs which is basically for the human motivation. According to Maslow , within every person there is a hierarchy of five needs which are as follows: i. Physiological Needs: These are the basic needs of a human being or the essentials for the survival. These includes food, water, shelter, clothing, recreation etc. ii. Safety Needs: These needs are concerned with protecting the person from physical and psychological harm as well as the assurance that physiological needs will continue to be met. For example- pension, insurance etc. iii. Social Needs: These needs relate to the desire to have social interaction, friendship, affiliation belongingness with groups, acceptance, affection and so on. iv. Self-esteem Needs: These needs constitute the fourth level in the hierarchy of needs. This includes the needs of prestige, recognition, acceptance, attention status, reputation and appreciation from others. v. Self-actualisation Needs: These needs are concerned with the needs for maximising the use one’s skills, abilities, potential to become everything that one is capable of becoming.
- McGregor’s theory X and theory Y Theory X presents a pessimistic or negative view of human nature whereas Theory Y reflects an optimistic or positive view of human behaviour. Both the theories are described below in the points-
Self Actualization Needs
Esteem Needs
Social Needs
Safety Needs
Physiological Needs
Motivators motivates employees: These factors make employees satisfied with their job and consequently motivate them. These factors also influence the level of job satisfaction.
Techniques of Motivation
I. Financial Techniques These techniques of motivation are those which involve financial expenditure for an organization and increase money income of its employees. This includes: a) Pay b) Dearness and other allowances c) Bonus d) Profit-sharing e) Fringe benefits
II. Non-financial Techniques These techniques of motivation are those which are not associated with financial rewards. Such techniques contribute to satisfaction of higher-level needs such as social, esteem and self-actualization needs are as follows: a) Job enlargement (adding more duties) b) Job enrichment (greater challenges) c) Job rotation (different jobs) d) Praise and recognition (appreciation) e) Participation (involvement) f) Competition (contests) g) Promotion or status (higher post) h) Delegation of authority (execution of given task) i) Security of job (pension) j) Feeling of accomplishment (better career planning) k) Congenial social environment (satisfying social and ego needs of employees) l) Opportunity for advancements (social and self-actualization) m) Quality circles (working in a group) n) Sound work climate (facilities such as rest-rooms, canteen etc)
Essentials of a sound motivation system
The following are the essentials of a sound motivation system which helps the organization-
- Purposive
- Productive
- Positive
- Simple
- Challenging
- Competitive
- Comprehensive
- Flexible and dynamic
- Stable and permanent 10.Equitable 11.Linkages between performance and reward 12.Integration of organizational individual goals 13.Blending financial and non-financial incentives 14.Provision for punishment 15.Feedback
Conclusion
It is proved that motivation is very important for business and organizations. The motivation plays a vital role which is mentioned in this essay. The main purpose of writing this essay is to clear the concept of motivation. If every organization uses a correct technique of motivation whether it is Maslow’s need hierarchy theory, McGregor’s theory X and theory Y, Herzberg’s two factor theory. Motivation also helps in encouraging the workers and employees in performing a particular task which has been assigned to him/her. Motivation is both financial and non-financial. Increasing the salary of workers does not mean that the workers are motivated, there should be a balance of both financial and non-financial techniques. It should empower the workers or the employees which are working in an organization or any other random business. Motivation is important for both employees as well as the organization because it helps to grow in the future of the company.