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HTML Fundamentals. ^_^, Summaries of Computer Fundamentals

Shivaji University Computer Fundamentals

The basic explanation of html language. it is basic language for web designing.

Typology: Summaries

2022/2023

Available from 03/30/2023

prathicksha-nikam 🇮🇳

3 documents

1 / 46

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What is HTML?

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)is the most basic building

block of the Web. It describes and defines the content of a

webpage along with the basic layout of the webpage

 HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language

 HTML describes the structure of a Web page

 HTML consists of a series of elements

 HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content

 HTML elements are represented by tags

 HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading",

"paragraph", "table", and so on

 Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to

render the content of the page

HTML Page Structure

Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:

Partial preview of the text

Download HTML Fundamentals. ^_^ and more Summaries Computer Fundamentals in PDF only on Docsity!

What is HTML?

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)is the most basic building block of the Web. It describes and defines the content of a webpage along with the basic layout of the webpage

 HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language  HTML describes the structure of a Web page  HTML consists of a series of elements  HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content  HTML elements are represented by tags  HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on  Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to render the content of the page

HTML Page Structure

Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:

A Simple HTML Document

Page Title

My First Heading

My first paragraph.

Output:

My First Heading

My first paragraph.

Basic HTML

Tag Description

<!DOCTYPE> Defines the document type

Defines an HTML document

Email id:

Output :

Input Element in HTML Forms :

Input Elements are the most common elements which are used in HTML Forms. Various user input fields can be created such as textfield, check box, password field, radio button, submit button etc. The most common input elements are listed below:

1. Text Field in HTML Forms :

The text field is a one line input field allowing the user to input text. Text Field input controls are created using the “input” element with a type attribute having value as “text”.

Attributes

Following is the list of attributes for tag for creating text field.

Sr.No (^) Attribute Description

1 Type^ Indicates^ the^ type^ of^ input^ control^ and^ for text input control it will be set to text.

2 Name^ Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

3 Value^ This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

4 Size^ Allows to specify the width of the text-input

control in terms of characters.

5 Maxlength^ Allows to specify the maximum number of

characters a user can enter into the text box.

Example:

Example Of Text Field

Output:

the value.

3 Value^ This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

4 Size^ Allows^ to^ specify^ the^ width^ of^ the^ text-input

control in terms of characters.

5 Maxlength^ Allows to specify the maximum number of

characters a user can enter into the text box.

Example:

Example of Password Field

Output:

3.Radio Buttons in HTML Form :

Radio Buttons are used to let the user select exactly one option from a list of predefined options. Radio Button input controls are created using the “input” element with a type attribute having value as “radio”.

Attributes

Following is the list of attributes for radio button.

Sr.No (^) Attribute Description

1 Type^ Indicates the type of input control and for checkbox input control it will be set to Radio.

2 Name^ Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

3 Value^ The value that will be used if the radio box is selected.

4 Checked^ Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Example:

Example of Radio Buttons

Output:

Select Box Control

A select box, also called drop down box which provides option to list down various options in the form of drop down list, from where a user can select one or more options.

Attributes

Following is the list of important attributes of element but type attribute is set to file.

Attributes

Following is the list of important attributes of file upload box –

Sr.No (^) Attribute Description

1 Name^ Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

2 Accept^ Specifies the types of files that the server accepts.

Example: Here is example HTML code for a form with one file upload box

File Upload Box

Output:

Button Controls

There are various ways in HTML to create clickable buttons. You can also create a clickable button using tag by setting its type attribute to button. The type attribute can take the following values –

Sr.No (^) Attribute Description

Output:

Submit Reset Ok

Hidden Form Controls

Hidden form controls are used to hide data inside the page which later on can be pushed to the server. This control hides inside the code and does not appear on the actual page. For example, following hidden form is being used to keep current page number. When a user will click next page then the value of hidden control will be sent to the web server and there it will decide which page will be displayed next based on the passed current page.

Example:

Here is example HTML code to show the usage of hidden control –

File Upload Box

Output:

This is page 10

Submit Reset

The GET Method

GET is used to request data from a specified resource.

GET is one of the most common HTTP methods.

Note that the query string (name/value pairs) is sent in the URL of a GET request:

/test/demo_form.php?name1=value1&name2=value

Some other notes on GET requests:

 GET requests can be cached  GET requests remain in the browser history  GET requests can be bookmarked  GET requests should never be used when dealing with sensitive data  GET requests have length restrictions  GET requests is only used to request data (not modify)

The POST Method

POST is used to send data to a server to create/update a resource.

The data sent to the server with POST is stored in the request body of the HTTP request:

POST /test/demo_form.php HTTP/1. Host: w3schools.com name1=value1&name2=value

POST is one of the most common HTTP methods.

Some other notes on POST requests:

 POST requests are never cached  POST requests do not remain in the browser history  POST requests cannot be bookmarked  POST requests have no restrictions on data length

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using the POST Method

 It is more secure than GET because user-entered information is

never visible in the URL query string or in the server logs.

 There is a much larger limit on the amount of data that can be

passed and one can send text data as well as binary data (uploading a file) using POST.

 Since the data sent by the POST method is not visible in the

URL, so it is not possible to bookmark the page with specific query.

Example:

Example of PHP POST method

{ echo "

Hi, ". $_POST["name"]. "

";

}

?>

PHP Super Global Variables

HTML Fundamentals. ^_^, Summaries of Computer Fundamentals

Related documents

Partial preview of the text

Download HTML Fundamentals. ^_^ and more Summaries Computer Fundamentals in PDF only on Docsity!

What is HTML?

My First Heading

Tag Description

1. Text Field in HTML Forms :

4 Size^ Allows to specify the width of the text-input

control in terms of characters.

5 Maxlength^ Allows to specify the maximum number of

characters a user can enter into the text box.

Example Of Text Field

4 Size^ Allows^ to^ specify^ the^ width^ of^ the^ text-input

control in terms of characters.

5 Maxlength^ Allows to specify the maximum number of

characters a user can enter into the text box.

Example of Password Field

3.Radio Buttons in HTML Form :

4 Checked^ Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Example of Radio Buttons

4 Checked^ Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Example of HTML Checkboxes

Attributes