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Download Biology Terminology: Homeostasis, Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Human Anatomy and more Quizzes Human Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Homeostasis
Internal enviornment of a cell.
TERM 2
Carbohydrate
DEFINITION 2
Organic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen. Funcion for quick and short-term energy storage in
all organisms, including humans.
TERM 3
Proteins
DEFINITION 3
Of primary importance in the structure and function of cells.
Exs: Support (structural), enzymes, transport, defense
(antibodies), hormones, motion.
TERM 4
Lipids
(fats)
DEFINITION 4
Do not dissolve in wanter. Energy storage molescules.
TERM 5
Simple Cell
DEFINITION 5
Membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, chromatin, golgi bodies,
mitochondria
Membrane
Outer surface that regulates the entrance and exit of
molecules
TERM 7
Cytoplasm
DEFINITION 7
Semifluid matrix outside nucleus that contains organelles.
TERM 8
Nucleus
DEFINITION 8
Contains the genetic information of the cell.
TERM 9
Chromatin
DEFINITION 9
Diffuse threads contianing DNA and protein
TERM 10
Golgi Bodies
DEFINITION 10
Processes, packages, and secretes modified cell products
2 Types of Lymphocytes
B Cells and T cells
TERM 17
2 Types of areas for drainage in your lymph
system
DEFINITION 17
1) The thoracic duct 2) The lymphatic duct
TERM 18
Avular (in the alveoli)
exchange
DEFINITION 18
Where CO2 changes to O
TERM 19
Respiration Tree
DEFINITION 19
Bronchus --> Bronchioles -->
TERM 20
Nephron
DEFINITION 20
The functional unit of the kidney. Filters blood and produces
urine.
Locations of Kidneys
-2 Kidneys supported in fat in back, 5 inches long -If 1 kidney
is removed or damaged, the other kidney is the only organ
that will grow in size to compensate.
TERM 22
# of Bones
DEFINITION 22
TERM 23
Bones of the Vertebral
Column
DEFINITION 23
7 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 5 Sacrum 3-5 Coccyx
TERM 24
Atlas
DEFINITION 24
The first cervical vertebrae. Holds the head up.
TERM 25
Axis
DEFINITION 25
The 2nd cervical vertebra. It allos a degree of rotation,
shaking the head 'no'.
Bones in Pelvis
Illium Pubis Ischium
TERM 32
Biceps
DEFINITION 32
Flexes lower arm to upper
TERM 33
Triceps
DEFINITION 33
Extends arm
TERM 34
Gludius Maximus
DEFINITION 34
Butt
TERM 35
Trapezius
DEFINITION 35
Raises scapula (shrugs shoulders)
Lower Back (Latissiums Dorsi)
Supports our erect position
TERM 37
2 Parts of the Nervous System
DEFINITION 37
1) Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord 2)
Peripheral Nervous System: Nerves
TERM 38
Parts of a
Neuron
DEFINITION 38
Axon: Conducts nerve impulses Cell Body: Contains nucleus
and other organelles Dendrites: Receive signals
TERM 39
Craneal Nerve I Olfactory
DEFINITION 39
-Smell (Sensory)
TERM 40
Craneal Nerve II
Optic
DEFINITION 40
-Vision (Sensory)
Craneal Nerve VIII Vestibulochochlear
-Hearing, balance, equilibrium, middle ear (sensory)
TERM 47
Craneal Nerve IX Glossopharangeal
DEFINITION 47
-Tongue, salivary glands (Mixed)
TERM 48
Craneal Nerve X Vagus
DEFINITION 48
-Pharynx, viseral organs, auditory, respiratory, pelvis (mixed)
TERM 49
Craneal Nerve XI Accesory
DEFINITION 49
-Motor to muscle (neck and upper back) (Motor)
TERM 50
Craneal Nerve XII Hypoglossal
DEFINITION 50
-Tongue movements (chewing, speaking) (motor)
Hypothalamus
-Releasing and inhibiting hormones: regulate the anterior
pituitary -Antidiuretic (ADH): water reabsorbtion by kidneys -
Oxytocin: Stimulates uterine contraction and milk letdown
TERM 52
Pituitary Gland
DEFINITION 52
1) Posterior Pituitary: Release ADH and oxytocin produced by
the hypothalmus 2) Anterior Pituitary: Thyroid stimulating
(TSH) Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH): stimulates adrenal cortex
Gonadotropic (FSH, LH)L egg and sperm production; sex
hormone production Prolactin (PL): milk production Growth
(GH): bone growth, protein synthesis, and cell division
TERM 53
Thyroid
DEFINITION 53
Thyroxine (T4) and trilodothyronine (T3): increase metabolic
rate; regulates growth and development Calcitonin: Lowers
blood calcium level
TERM 54
Adrenal Gland
DEFINITION 54
1) Adrenal Cortex: Glucocorticoids (Cortisol): raises blood glucose
level; stimulates breakdown of protein Mineralocorticoids
(Aldosterone): reabsorbtion of sodiam and excretion of potassium
Sex hormones: reproductive organs and bring about sex
characteristics 2) Adrenal Medulla: epinephrine and
norepinephrine: active in emergency situations; raise blood
glucose level
TERM 55
Parathyroids
DEFINITION 55
The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the
neck that produce parathyroid hormone. (Raises blood
calcium level)
1st determination of sex
-Fertilzation (can be seen during third month)
TERM 62
Normal Blood Pressure
DEFINITION 62
120/80 (difference of 40) -Systolic -Top -Dystolic -Bottom
TERM 63
Normal Pulse Rate
DEFINITION 63
68-72 (can be b/w 60 and 80)
TERM 64
Composition of Blood
DEFINITION 64
RBC, WBC, platelets, serum/plasma
TERM 65
Life Span of a RBC
DEFINITION 65
120 days
Angina Pectorus
Heart symptomatology
TERM 67
Infarct
DEFINITION 67
In medicine, an infarction is the process of tissue death
(necrosis) caused by blockage of the tissue's blood supply.
TERM 68
Arteriosclerosis
DEFINITION 68
Arteriosclerosis refers to a stiffening of arteries due to fatty
material collecting
TERM 69
Different Types of Arthritis
DEFINITION 69
Osteoarthritis (wear and tear) Rheumatoid arthritis is a
systemic, autoimmune condition that causes the body to
attack its own soft-tissues and joints.
TERM 70
Myocardial Infarction
DEFINITION 70
Heart attack
Respiratory Rate
Average 12/minute (15-20)
TERM 77
Pacemaker of the heart
DEFINITION 77
SA
TERM 78
Nerve Supply to the heart
DEFINITION 78
SA --> AV Node --> bundle branches --> perkinge fibers
TERM 79
Convert C to F and F to C
DEFINITION 79
C = 5/9 (F-32) F = 9/5 (C+32)
TERM 80
1 Meter = ___ Inches
DEFINITION 80
39.27 inches
1 Liter = ___ Q
1.06 quarts
TERM 82
What does CC mean?
DEFINITION 82
CC measures volume mL measures graduated cylinder
TERM 83
2 Classifications of WBC
DEFINITION 83
Granular and Agranular
TERM 84
3 Types of Granular WBC
DEFINITION 84
-Neutrophils -Esinophils -Basophils
TERM 85
2 Types of Agranular WBC
DEFINITION 85
-Lymphocytes -Monocytes
-Algia -Itis Hyper- Hypo-
-Pain -Inflimation of -high -low
TERM 92
Gland that overlooks the ovaires &
testes
DEFINITION 92
Hypothalmus
TERM 93
Zygote
DEFINITION 93
fertilized egg
TERM 94
Lymphatic System
DEFINITION 94
B-Cells and T-cells
TERM 95
Monocytes
DEFINITION 95
Blue w/ large nucleus
Eosinophils
Orange, allergies
TERM 97
PMN Granulocyte
DEFINITION 97
bacterial infection, 3 nuclei
TERM 98
Description of a cancer cell
DEFINITION 98
-many nuclei..doesn't die
TERM 99
Anemia
DEFINITION 99
Shortage of RBC
TERM 100
Leukopenia
DEFINITION 100
Shortage of WBC
