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IAAI CFI CERTIFICATION EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
Evidence of smoke or soot in the lungs, bronchi, and trachea is one of the most significant factors in confirming that, at the time of the fire, the victim was WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Alive and Breathing Those who have the responsibility for monitoring safety conditions at the fire or explosion scene
- CORRECT ANSWER All Team Members The melting temperature of aluminum - CORRECT ANSWER 1220°F Which one of these is NOT considered a competent ignition source? Metal-to-metal sparks, Aluminum-to-pavement sparks, Metal-to-pavement sparks, Motor bearing sparks - CORRECT ANSWER Aluminum-to-pavement sparks A meaningful analysis of a fire requires an understanding of the fire growth, the total heat released, and WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Heat Release Rate What does he term AFCI stand for? And, the "A" specifically represents what? - CORRECT ANSWER Arc-fault circuit interrupter The organization that develops standard methods for testing materials - CORRECT ANSWER ASTM Initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame - CORRECT ANSWER Auto- ignition
A deflagration resulting from the sudden introduction of air into a confined space containing oxygen-deficient products of incomplete combustion - CORRECT ANSWER Backdraft An explosion caused by a combination of combustible materials heated to the ignition point and a sudden introduction of oxygen to support combustion - CORRECT ANSWER Backdraft A boat device that owners fail to keep clean, which is a frequent cause of engine compartment fires on boats - CORRECT ANSWER Backfire Flame Arrestor A device on a fluorescent light fixture that transforms the voltage from normal household voltage to a higher voltage - CORRECT ANSWER Ballast The starter motor draws its energy from this source - CORRECT ANSWER Battery The burden of proof in a criminal trial - CORRECT ANSWER Beyond a Reasonable Doubt The component that controls temperature in many heat-producing appliances - CORRECT ANSWER Bimetallic Thermostats This may occur when the vapor pressure of a liquid exceeds atmospheric pressure *And this is the most common mechanical explosion - CORRECT ANSWER BLEVE The temperature or point at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure applied - CORRECT ANSWER Boiling Point The process of electrically connecting two or more conductive objects - CORRECT ANSWER Bonding Most engine fires typically penetrate the interior compartment at this location of the vehicle - CORRECT ANSWER Bottom Passenger Side of the Windshield
A fire characteristic that is NOT necessarily an accurate indicator of the flame temperature - CORRECT ANSWER Color This feature distinguishes the heat-sensitive bulbs of sprinkler heads from each other - CORRECT ANSWER Color Codes A chemical process of oxidation, which occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of either a glow or a flame - CORRECT ANSWER Combustion A building design feature that aims to limit the fire to its origin. - CORRECT ANSWER Compartmentation Located at the origin, these should be considered individually during the development of a cause hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER Competent Ignition Source This should be donned when dealing with hazardous chemicals - CORRECT ANSWER Complete PPE An example of heat transfer, when the heating of a steel beam to an unexposed part of a building results in a fire in that location - CORRECT ANSWER Conduction Overheating on a circuit is most likely to occur at this location on a circuit - CORRECT ANSWER Connection Points Consensus agreement between interested parties should be developed prior to the commencement of WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Joint Investigation Complicated patterns in glass - CORRECT ANSWER Crazing A type of scene or circumstances, in which fires do NOT always destroy all physical evidence - CORRECT ANSWER Crime Scenes
A factor in OHM's law that can be calculated if you know resistance and voltage - CORRECT ANSWER Current (amperage) The reasoning in the scientific method used to test an hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER Deductive Reasoning The reasoning process of moving from generalizations to particular assertion (*"Reduce to Deduce" *Test hypothesis ("deduce") *Test based on known facts *More confident assertion than induction) - CORRECT ANSWER Deductive Reasoning Type of evidence consisting of tangible items *as opposed to Testimonial Evidence or Documentary (written) Evidence - CORRECT ANSWER Demonstrative Evidence A burn pattern analysis that is MORE useful for evaluating fire spread, rather than length or intensity of burning - CORRECT ANSWER Depth of Char All voltages are , which means that a battery or DC generator creates a potential difference that can force charge through a wire - CORRECT ANSWER Differential The ordinary sustained burning mode in most fires - CORRECT ANSWER Diffusion Flame Burning By taking these two steps, an investigator can obtain the manufacturer's name, model & serial numbers, manufacture date, and any warnings on an appliance, determined to be in the area of fire origin - CORRECT ANSWER Document and Carefully Move
The person at a fire scene who manages various aspects of the evidence collection process, including an evidence log and evidence bagging, tagging, preservation and storage - CORRECT ANSWER Evidence Custodian The justification used to enter a property in order to extinguish a fire - CORRECT ANSWER Exigent Circumstances Also known as "Conclusions" - CORRECT ANSWER Final Hypothesis A team comprised of a homicide detective, medical examiner, and fire investigator - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Death Team A type of analysis used to predict fire phenomena and characteristics of the environment - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Dynamics Analysis Observable or measurable changes in or on a material as the result of a fire - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Effects Once a fuel is ignited in a motor vehicle, any additional fuels contained in the vehicle have significant effect on WHAT fire factor? - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Growth Rate In a wildland fire, this fire characterisic is indicated by the degree of damage to the wildland fuel
- CORRECT ANSWER Fire Intensity This investigative determination is based on witness information, fire patterns, arc mapping, and fire dynamics - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Origin The fifth and sixth amendments DO NOT answer questions regarding constitutional protections in relation to WHAT fire investigation aspect? (4th amendment issue) - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Scene Access
Recreating pre-fire positions of contents - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Scene Reconstruction This type of door must be used when installed in a fire-rated wall. - CORRECT ANSWER Fire- rated Door This is the typical extent of thermal injuries sustained from an explosion flame front, due to the very short duration. - CORRECT ANSWER First or Second Degree Burns A system used to rate a material's flame spread potential. And these are the categories: Class A: Flame spread index 0- 25 Class B: Flame spread index 26 - 75 Class C: Flame spread index 76 - 200 - CORRECT ANSWER Flame Spread Rating This type of fuel can only be ignited by a spark or pilot flame over specific ranges of gas concentration - CORRECT ANSWER Flammable Gases A liquid with a flash point below 100F - CORRECT ANSWER Flammable Liquid The characteristic of an appropriate mixture of vapor-to-air, which will cause it to ignite when subjected to an ignition source - CORRECT ANSWER Flash point A specific fuel characteristic, which will have little or no significance when the fuel is released in a spray form. - CORRECT ANSWER Flash Point In this phenomenon, the radiant ignition of exposed combustible materials is key - CORRECT ANSWER Flashover This phenomenon will occur in a compartment with a low ceiling and fire on the floor, before the same fire in a room with high ceilings - CORRECT ANSWER Flashover
NFPA 921 is this type of document - CORRECT ANSWER Guide The information presented in NFPA 921 establishes WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Guidelines Biological, chemical, physical, and radiological are examples of this concept that fire investigators should be aware of when investigating a fire scene - CORRECT ANSWER Hazards The first cutting unit on a combine - CORRECT ANSWER Header The measure of the rate of heat transfer to a surface - CORRECT ANSWER Heat flux The amount of heat released during complete combustion, which is considered a constant for a specific fuel (Generally considered a material property and therefore a constant for a specific fuel) - CORRECT ANSWER Heat of Combustion The heat energy that brings about ignition (divided into two parts: (a) equipment involved in ignition and (b) form of heat of ignition) - CORRECT ANSWER Heat of Ignition The fire characteristic that most affects fire growth during the pre-flashover phase of a fire - CORRECT ANSWER Heat Release Rate The transport of heat energy from one point to another point, caused by temperature difference between those points - CORRECT ANSWER Heat transfer
The fire phenomenon responsible for much of the physical evidence used by fire investigators - CORRECT ANSWER Heat transfer The shattering type of explosion damage - CORRECT ANSWER High-Order Damage The type of number an investigator should look for during a boat fire investigation - CORRECT ANSWER H.I.N. This vehicle component will NOT usually ignite gasoline - CORRECT ANSWER Hot Surfaces Component of the human body that will act as a fuel and sustain a flame - CORRECT ANSWER Human Body Fat Any substance that will spontaneously ignite or explode upon exposure to an oxidizer. - CORRECT ANSWER Hypergolic Material Materials that can react with each other - CORRECT ANSWER Hypergolic Materials A type of material that, when trapped in a concrete floor, can be recovered by using lime, diatomaceous earth, or non-self-rising flour. - CORRECT ANSWER Ignitable Liquid Ignition that involves transferring sufficient heat to a fuel by passage of electrical current to ignite material that is closeby - CORRECT ANSWER Ignition by Electrical Energy The minimum temperature needed to heat a fuel so as to ignite and begin self-sustained combustion - CORRECT ANSWER Ignition Temperature An item that tends to "pull" toward the heat source (*if over 25 watts) - CORRECT ANSWER Incandescent Light Bulbs
A certain pattern that is not necessarily an indicator of the presence of an ignitable liquid - CORRECT ANSWER Irregular Pattern A professional description that (1) describes the specific job task, (2) lists items necessary to complete the task, and (3) describes measurable outcomes and evaluations for the task - CORRECT ANSWER Job Performance Requirement These can occur simultaneously and involve separate and independent examinations through which each party may develop an independent hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER Joint Investigations Which of these fuels has the lowest ignition temperature: kerosene, gasoline, methane, or propane? - CORRECT ANSWER Kerosene The type of energy that is converted suddenly from potential energy during an explosion, with the production and release of gases under pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER Kinetic Energy This entity must confirm any sample obtained by canine alert, to be considered valid - CORRECT ANSWER Laboratory Analysis One of the most dangerous situations an investigator may encounter when examining a boat afloat after a fire - CORRECT ANSWER Lack of Stability This material is NOT acceptable to be used on the exterior (but is acceptable for the interior). - CORRECT ANSWER Laminated Wood The amount of heat absorbed by a substance during its change from a liquid to vapor - CORRECT ANSWER Latent Heat of Vaporization Static electricity flowing from cloud to ground or from cloud to cloud - CORRECT ANSWER Lightning
One form of static electricity - CORRECT ANSWER Lightning The lightning occurrence that is less likely to cause a fire (compared to cloud-to-ground) - CORRECT ANSWER Cloud-to-Cloud Borders of fire patterns - CORRECT ANSWER Lines of Demarcation Type of explosion damage that heaves or pushes - CORRECT ANSWER Low-Order Damage Fire often causes standard copper conductors to do WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Melt and Fuse Together Lengthwise The two basic types of fire patterns - CORRECT ANSWER Movement and Intensity The term associated with the air and gas flow in a compartment fire - CORRECT ANSWER Neutral Plane The position on a receptacle, where the cord's wider prong is forced to plug into, due to a change that was made to 20-amp cords in 1987 - CORRECT ANSWER Neutral Position The national applicable performance standards for fire investigators - CORRECT ANSWER NFPA 1033 NFPA standard that prohibits gas piping in air ducts, clothes chutes, and elevator shafts - CORRECT ANSWER NFPA 54 The NFPA standard for hazard identification - CORRECT ANSWER NFPA 704 NFPA hazard placard:
The electrical compromise between an energized wire and a ground wire - CORRECT ANSWER Overcurrent The process of extinguishing hotspots and searching for hidden fires, after suppression efforts - CORRECT ANSWER Overhaul A chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen - CORRECT ANSWER Oxidation The basic chemical process associated with combustion - CORRECT ANSWER Oxidation This occurs when there is a poor electrical connection - CORRECT ANSWER Oxide Interface A material that is NOT commonly subject to self-heating - CORRECT ANSWER Paper While the scene is being "dug out" or excavated, this technique is used throughout the investigation process to document the sequence of events. - CORRECT ANSWER Photography When the origin is clearly defined, it is possible to make a credible determination regarding the cause of the fire, even without the availability of WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Physical Evidence of the Cause A fuel item that has the greatest peak heat release rate (in unconfined burning). - CORRECT ANSWER Polyurethane Sofa This evidence can be identified, which indicates pre-death trauma in a fire fatality - CORRECT ANSWER Pooled Blood under the Body This device is generally used to control the flow of water to a sprinkler system, hydrant, or another device with underground piping - CORRECT ANSWER Post-indicator Valve The rate at which energy is used - CORRECT ANSWER Power
This concept regarding physical evidence and the fire scene in general is NOT the sole responsibility of the fire investigator. - CORRECT ANSWER Preservation The remains of this component of an appliance may indicate if it was operating at the time of the incident - CORRECT ANSWER Protection Device During a major investigation, this agreed-upon procedure is important to establish and follow when a particular item is deemed evidence. - CORRECT ANSWER Protocol A common post-mortem response of the body to heat, resulting in the contracting of muscles as a direct result of the fire. - CORRECT ANSWER Pugilistic Posture A process in which material is decomposed, or broken down, into simpler molecular compounds by the effects of heat alone - CORRECT ANSWER Pyrolysis Any substance that spontaneously ignites upon exposure to atmospheric oxygen. - CORRECT ANSWER Pyrophoric Material This item may be found on a boat because they are often used in firework events - CORRECT ANSWER Pyrotechnics Fire spread from one fuel package to another is generally caused by WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Radiative Ignition The as determined by witnesses is highly subjective - CORRECT ANSWER Rate of Fire Growth The primary goal for an investigator recording and photographing the scene - CORRECT ANSWER Recalling Observations
A process whereby a material undergoes a chemical reaction and increases in temperature solely due to exothermic reactions between the material and the surrounding atmosphere - CORRECT ANSWER Self-Heating Type of photography that is helpful in understanding the relationship of a small subject to its relative position in a larger area - CORRECT ANSWER Sequential Photographs Geographic area, clusters, temporal frequency, and materials and methods are useful in identifying and establishing this act - CORRECT ANSWER Serial Fire-Setting At a minimum, this investigative practice should be done on all fire scenes - CORRECT ANSWER Simple Sketch Determining which pattern was produced at the point of origin becomes more difficult as WHAT increases? - CORRECT ANSWER Fire Size and Duration The softening and loosening of the wire's thermoplastic insulation due to heating (fire) - CORRECT ANSWER Sleeving Whether a hole burned into a horizontal surface was created from above or below may be identified by examining WHAT? - CORRECT ANSWER Sloping Sides This type of fire normally produces char that results from thermal decomposition - CORRECT ANSWER Smoldering A subcategory of revenge/retaliation that is generally not satisfied with a single fire - CORRECT ANSWER Societal-motivated Arson Fire scene examinations should NOT be conducted in WHAT MANNER? - CORRECT ANSWER Solo
Damage and fire patterns occurring to concrete that is NOT a positive indicator of a liquid accelerant - CORRECT ANSWER Spalling The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a standard (usually water for a liquid or solid, and air for a gas) - CORRECT ANSWER Specific Gravity The ratio of the average molecular weight of a gas or vapor to the average molecular weight of air - CORRECT ANSWER Specific Gravity of Air The ratio of the mass of a given volume of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water (at a temp. of 4C) - CORRECT ANSWER Specific Gravity of a liquid or solid This fire characteristic is NOT indicated by the angle of the borders of the V pattern - CORRECT ANSWER Speed of Fire Growth This concept does NOT mean that an item of evidence cannot be removed from the fire scene in order to preserve it or protect it from theft, for instance. - CORRECT ANSWER Spoliation What fire process is vehicle motor oil NOT prone to undergo - CORRECT ANSWER Spontaneous Combustion A phenomenon that does NOT occur to human bodies (not supported by evidence) - CORRECT ANSWER Spontaneous Combustion The process whereby a material increases in temperature without drawing heat from its surroundings - CORRECT ANSWER Spontaneous Heating Combustible materials should be kept 18 inches away from this fire protection device - CORRECT ANSWER Sprinkler Head The optimum fuel/air mixture where combustion is most efficient - CORRECT ANSWER Stoichiometric Ratio
