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A liquid with a flash point ABOVE 100F ✔✔Combustible Liquid If the current flowing out from an electrical panel is 12.5 amps, and it then flows through an electrical load of 1500 watts, what is the amperage of the remaining current flow of the return circuit? ✔✔12.5 If a hair dryer draws 8.3amps (in a home with 120-volt service), what is the wattage? *Power (P) = current (I) x voltage (V) Watts = amps x volts ✔✔1000 The year of the first edition of NFPA 1033 ✔✔1987 The recommended distance for securing the perimeter of a blast scene *That is, the distance from the furthest debris ✔✔1.5 times
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A liquid with a flash point ABOVE 100F ✔✔Combustible Liquid If the current flowing out from an electrical panel is 12.5 amps, and it then flows through an electrical load of 1500 watts, what is the amperage of the remaining current flow of the return circuit? ✔✔12. If a hair dryer draws 8.3amps (in a home with 120 - volt service), what is the wattage? *Power (P) = current (I) x voltage (V) Watts = amps x volts ✔✔ 1000 The year of the first edition of NFPA 1033 ✔✔ 1987 The recommended distance for securing the perimeter of a blast scene *That is, the distance from the furthest debris ✔✔1.5 times
What temperature in the upper gas layer causes the onset of Flashover? ✔✔ 1 100°F The temperature at which copper melts ✔✔1960°F The measurement of the radiant heat flux (from gas layer to the floor) that indicates the onset of flashover ✔✔2 W/cm The voltage between the two hot wires at the service entrance cables in most single-family residences in the United States (single-phase service with three wires) ✔✔240 volts The revision cycle for NFPA 921 (timespan) ✔✔ 3 years The flash point of power steering fluid ✔✔350°F In high-pressure fuel-injected vehicles, this is the typical range of pressure that is used to pump fuel from a fuel tank ✔✔ 35 - 70 p.s.i.
Evidence of smoke or soot in the lungs, bronchi, and trachea is one of the most significant factors in confirming that, at the time of the fire, the victim was WHAT? ✔✔Alive and Breathing Those who have the responsibility for monitoring safety conditions at the fire or explosion scene ✔✔All Team Members The melting temperature of aluminum ✔✔1220°F Which one of these is NOT considered a competent ignition source? Metal-to-metal sparks, Aluminum-to-pavement sparks, Metal-to-pavement sparks, Motor bearing sparks ✔✔Aluminum-to-pavement sparks A meaningful analysis of a fire requires an understanding of the fire growth, the total heat released, and WHAT? ✔✔Heat Release Rate
What does he term AFCI stand for? And, the "A" specifically represents what? ✔✔Arc-fault circuit interrupter The organization that develops standard methods for testing materials ✔✔ASTM Initiation of combustion by heat but without a spark or flame ✔✔Auto-ignition A deflagration resulting from the sudden introduction of air into a confined space containing oxygen-deficient products of incomplete combustion ✔✔Backdraft An explosion caused by a combination of combustible materials heated to the ignition point and a sudden introduction of oxygen to support combustion ✔✔Backdraft A boat device that owners fail to keep clean, which is a frequent cause of engine compartment fires on boats ✔✔Backfire Flame Arrestor A device on a fluorescent light fixture that transforms the voltage from normal household voltage to a higher voltage ✔✔Ballast
An investigator can closely examine this component of a cord to determine if it was plugged into a receptacle ✔✔Brass Prongs (male ends) The chemical and physical changes that occur in gypsum wallboard surfaces during a fire ✔✔Calcination A narcotic gas that one might be exposed to in the fire ✔✔Carbon Monoxide The levels of this toxin dissipate over time after removal from the fire environment. ✔✔Carbon Monoxide This toxic condition does NOT cause a cherry-pink coloration to the skin of the fire victim and is NOT visible on all skin types ✔✔Carbon Monoxide Poisoning This occurrence is the most common open-flame ignition source in non-fuel injected vehicles ✔✔Carburetor Backfire
When the fire plume reaches the ceiling of a room and moves laterally along the ceiling ✔✔Ceiling jet An item in the home that burns at a peak HRR of 3000 - 5000kW, which is hotter than a pool of gasoline or a polyurethane chair ✔✔Christmas Tree This occurs when intense radiated heat or direct flame contacts a surface during the fire, burning away deposits ✔✔Clean Burn This is a fire effect to furniture that does NOT provide the investigators with clues concerning the type of ignition source, but can show fire spread and intensity ✔✔Collapsed Furniture Springs A fire characteristic that is NOT necessarily an accurate indicator of the flame temperature ✔✔Color This feature distinguishes the heat-sensitive bulbs of sprinkler heads from each other ✔✔Color Codes
Complicated patterns in glass ✔✔Crazing A type of scene or circumstances, in which fires do NOT always destroy all physical evidence ✔✔Crime Scenes A factor in OHM's law that can be calculated if you know resistance and voltage ✔✔Current (amperage) The reasoning in the scientific method used to test an hypothesis ✔✔Deductive Reasoning The reasoning process of moving from generalizations to particular assertion (*"Reduce to Deduce" *Test hypothesis ("deduce") *Test based on known facts *More confident assertion than induction) ✔✔Deductive Reasoning Type of evidence consisting of tangible items
*as opposed to Testimonial Evidence or Documentary (written) Evidence ✔✔Demonstrative Evidence A burn pattern analysis that is MORE useful for evaluating fire spread, rather than length or intensity of burning ✔✔Depth of Char All voltages are , which means that a battery or DC generator creates a potential difference that can force charge through a wire ✔✔Differential The ordinary sustained burning mode in most fires ✔✔Diffusion Flame Burning By taking these two steps, an investigator can obtain the manufacturer's name, model & serial numbers, manufacture date, and any warnings on an appliance, determined to be in the area of fire origin ✔✔Document and Carefully Move What type of evidence is an investigator's report? ✔✔Documentary Evidence
The fire scene itself needs to be considered as WHAT? ✔✔Evidence The process of photographing an item, then collecting, tagging and putting it in a log ✔✔Evidence Collection The importance of this fire investigative practice is no different in wildfire investigations, compared to structural fires. ✔✔Evidence Collection and Documentation The person at a fire scene who manages various aspects of the evidence collection process, including an evidence log and evidence bagging, tagging, preservation and storage ✔✔Evidence Custodian The justification used to enter a property in order to extinguish a fire ✔✔Exigent Circumstances Also known as "Conclusions" ✔✔Final Hypothesis A team comprised of a homicide detective, medical examiner, and fire investigator ✔✔Fire Death Team
A type of analysis used to predict fire phenomena and characteristics of the environment ✔✔Fire Dynamics Analysis Observable or measurable changes in or on a material as the result of a fire ✔✔Fire Effects Once a fuel is ignited in a motor vehicle, any additional fuels contained in the vehicle have significant effect on WHAT fire factor? ✔✔Fire Growth Rate In a wildland fire, this fire characterisic is indicated by the degree of damage to the wildland fuel ✔✔Fire Intensity This investigative determination is based on witness information, fire patterns, arc mapping, and fire dynamics ✔✔Fire Origin The fifth and sixth amendments DO NOT answer questions regarding constitutional protections in relation to WHAT fire investigation aspect? (4th amendment issue) ✔✔Fire Scene Access
A liquid with a flash point below 100*F ✔✔Flammable Liquid The characteristic of an appropriate mixture of vapor-to-air, which will cause it to ignite when subjected to an ignition source ✔✔Flash point A specific fuel characteristic, which will have little or no significance when the fuel is released in a spray form. ✔✔Flash Point In this phenomenon, the radiant ignition of exposed combustible materials is key ✔✔Flashover This phenomenon will occur in a compartment with a low ceiling and fire on the floor, before the same fire in a room with high ceilings ✔✔Flashover This fire phenomenon is not really a consideration for wildfires ✔✔Flashover These construction features are tested for fire spread from below, but NOT from above ✔✔Floor Assemblies
The two mechanisms of convection heat transfer ✔✔Forced and Natural This law allows fire investigators to gain information, in most states ✔✔Freedom of Information Act Any substance that can undergo combustion ✔✔Fuel Total quantity of combustible contents of a building, space, or fire area (expressed in heat units or the equivalent weight in wood) ✔✔Fuel load This system in a vehicle has the following sequence of components: Fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel injector/carburetor, manifold, and cylinders. ✔✔Fuel System Type of burning that occurs in the early stages of a compartment fire ✔✔Fuel-controlled Burning The location where firefighters should re-fuel all gas-powered equipment
(Generally considered a material property and therefore a constant for a specific fuel) ✔✔Heat of Combustion The heat energy that brings about ignition (divided into two parts: (a) equipment involved in ignition and (b) form of heat of ignition) ✔✔Heat of Ignition The fire characteristic that most affects fire growth during the pre-flashover phase of a fire ✔✔Heat Release Rate The transport of heat energy from one point to another point, caused by temperature difference between those points ✔✔Heat transfer The fire phenomenon responsible for much of the physical evidence used by fire investigators ✔✔Heat transfer The shattering type of explosion damage ✔✔High-Order Damage
The type of number an investigator should look for during a boat fire investigation ✔✔H.I.N. This vehicle component will NOT usually ignite gasoline ✔✔Hot Surfaces Component of the human body that will act as a fuel and sustain a flame ✔✔Human Body Fat Any substance that will spontaneously ignite or explode upon exposure to an oxidizer. ✔✔Hypergolic Material Materials that can react with each other ✔✔Hypergolic Materials A type of material that, when trapped in a concrete floor, can be recovered by using lime, diatomaceous earth, or non-self-rising flour. ✔✔Ignitable Liquid Ignition that involves transferring sufficient heat to a fuel by passage of electrical current to ignite material that is closeby ✔✔Ignition by Electrical Energy