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Download Anatomy and Function of the Respiratory System: From Upper Airways to Gas Exchange and more Quizzes Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
role of respiratory system is
oxgenation and tissue perfusion
TERM 2
Upper respiratory tract consists of what 4
DEFINITION 2
nose, sinuses, pharyn, larynx
TERM 3
upper respiratory tract is lined with nares
which do what
DEFINITION 3
(hair) which filters the area we breath and stops partciles and
org from entering the lungs
TERM 4
3 bones that protude into nasal cavities from
internal poriton of nose
DEFINITION 4
turbinates
TERM 5
increase SA for heating and humidifying
inspired air
DEFINITION 5
turbinates
cycle of circulation
deoxygenated blood carried by pulmomary artery from
heart--> gets oxygenated in lungs--> goes to heart by
pulmonary
TERM 7
lower respiratory tract is a what
DEFINITION 7
tracheobronchial tree
TERM 8
7 parts of lower
airways
DEFINITION 8
tracheamain stem bronchilobarsegmental and subsegmental
bronchibroniciolesalveolar ductsalveoli
TERM 9
dysfxn when emphysema
DEFINITION 9
alveli
TERM 10
elastic cone shaped, 2 of them, have an apex
and base
DEFINITION 10
lungs
alveoli walls secrete surfactant which do what
2 things
reduce surface tensionallows lungs to expand
TERM 17
when you lack surfactant, what happens
DEFINITION 17
atelectasis- collapsed lung
TERM 18
when you have impaired surfactant, what
happens 2
DEFINITION 18
stiffer lung, impaired gas exxchange
TERM 19
increases surface area for gas exchange
DEFINITION 19
alveoli
TERM 20
6 conditions where surfactant is
impaired
DEFINITION 20
cystic fibrosispul. edemaidiopathic pul
fibrosissarcoidosispneumiaspremature births
excess mucous prod replaces surfactant so
lungs dont expand and need double lung
trans
cystic fibrosis
TERM 22
fluid dilutes surfactant
DEFINITION 22
pul. edema
TERM 23
inflammation in lungs impairs surfactant
DEFINITION 23
pneumonias
TERM 24
agings results in what 4 things in pulmonary
system
DEFINITION 24
loss of elastic recoilstiffening of chest wallalterations in gas
exchangeincreased resistance
TERM 25
aging causes decreases in what 7
DEFINITION 25
SA on alveolichest wall complianceventilatory capacityvital
caacity with increase in residual volumecompensatory
response to hypercapnia and hypoxemiaPao2exercise
tolerance
air bubbles in subseq tissue and when press
on it, it crackles and hear crunching sound
crepitus
TERM 32
adventitous abnormal breath sounds include
what 4
DEFINITION 32
crackleswheezes- squeaky, alot of airrhonchipleural friction
rub
TERM 33
inspiration
DEFINITION 33
bronchial lung sounds
TERM 34
inspiration=expiration in bronchi in normal
lung sounds
DEFINITION 34
bronchovesicular
TERM 35
inspiration>expiration in lung fields in normal
lung sounds
DEFINITION 35
vesicular
indicators of respiratory inadeq include 6
clubbingweight lossbreathing patternsskin and MM
changesgeneral appears of skincolor, MM, purse lip
breathingendurance
TERM 37
50% of this related to heart and lung prob
DEFINITION 37
clubbing
TERM 38
lack of O2 supply to an
organ
DEFINITION 38
anoxia
TERM 39
depreviation of good supply of o
DEFINITION 39
hypoxia
TERM 40
low oxygen levels in blood, Pao
DEFINITION 40
hypoxemia
tissue o2 deliery through dissociation or
unloading from hgb is based on
tissues need for o
TERM 47
rate of unloading depends on what
DEFINITION 47
how much o2 is in area/tissue
TERM 48
when no o2 is needed by tissues what
happens
DEFINITION 48
hgb and o2 keep going to get o2 from lungs
TERM 49
when need for o2 is greater, the curve does
what bc not alot of o2 on hgb so curve starts
low
DEFINITION 49
shifts to right
TERM 50
when oxyhemoglobin diss. curve shifts to
right, what happens
DEFINITION 50
o2 unloads more fastere
3 conditions that can cause shift to right
occurs on oxy diss curve,
feverhigh altitudeacidosis
TERM 52
meausres o2 saturation in perp. artery, and
level should be 95-100%
DEFINITION 52
sp
TERM 53
pH range
DEFINITION 53
TERM 54
Pa02 RANGES
DEFINITION 54
TERM 55
paCO2 ranges
DEFINITION 55
increases in hct or hgb due to what
polycythemia- increase RBC in body so thick bloodliving at
high atiliutides
TERM 62
can id abrnormal cells likie caner,
allergies
DEFINITION 62
cytology
TERM 63
increase with allergies
DEFINITION 63
eosinphilles
TERM 64
id organisms and antibotics to txt
DEFINITION 64
culture
TERM 65
CT looks at what
DEFINITION 65
layers
noninvasive, eval lung vol and cap., flow
rates, diff cap, gas exch, airway resist, distr of
vent
Pulmonary function testing
TERM 67
2 purposes of PFTs
DEFINITION 67
eval lung fxnid breathing problems
TERM 68
results of PFT are based on what 2
DEFINITION 68
pt age and expected findings for that age/gender
TERM 69
max amt air that can be exhaled as quick as
possible
DEFINITION 69
forced vital capacity
TERM 70
FEV1 is
DEFINITION 70
forced exp volume in 1 secon
decreae of absent breath sounds at site of
procedure is sign of
hemothorax
TERM 77
potential complications of thoracentesis
DEFINITION 77
tension pneumothorax which include pain on side, rapid
shallow resp, rapid HR, decrease mvt, cyanoticinfection
TERM 78
removal of foriegn body, biopsy, fxn of vocal
cords
DEFINITION 78
laryngoscopy
TERM 79
in OR with anesthetia, flex tub insert above
sterum, take sample of lymp nodes around
airways
DEFINITION 79
mediastinoscopy
TERM 80
when you bronchoscopy you are looking for
what 5
DEFINITION 80
tumor, sign of infectionexcess mucous in airwaysite of
bleedingblockage
pt prep for bronchoscopy includes what 6
consentexplain proceduredoc allergiesensure labs done- bw
and chest xraymaintain pt NPOpremed pt
TERM 82
post bronchoscopy monitor what 5
DEFINITION 82
effects of sedationmake sure gag reflex back before give
water/foodmonitor VSmother breath sounds every 15 min for
2 hoursassess for complications
TERM 83
invasive, get tissue for histologic analysis,
culture, cytologic exam. by bronchoscopy or
open lung
DEFINITION 83
lung bioposy
TERM 84
prep for lung bioposy includes 5
DEFINITION 84
consentlabs/test availableanxiety mgtlocal
anesthieticsedative
TERM 85
post of lung biopsy includes 4
DEFINITION 85
assess VT, breathing every 4 hours for 24 hrassess resp
distressrespore reduced and absent breath soundsminotor
for hemoptysis- blood in sputum
