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ILTS Elementary Education (305-Content Test) 2025/2026, Exams of Advanced Education

Western Illinois University (WIU)Advanced Education

ILTS Elementary Education (305-Content Test) 2025/2026

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

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ILTS Elementary Education (305-Content

Test) 2025/2026

Nouns - ANSWER: A person, place, thing, or idea

Common Noun - ANSWER: The class or group of people, places, and things (not

capitalized)

Proper Nouns - ANSWER: The names of a specific person, place, or thing (capitalized)

General Nouns - ANSWER: The names of conditions or ideas

Specific Nouns - ANSWER: Names people, places, and things that are understood by

using your senses

Collective Nouns - ANSWER: The names for a person, place or thing that may act as a

whole

Pronouns - ANSWER: Words that are used to stand in for a noun

Nominative Nouns and Pronouns - ANSWER: The case for nouns and pronouns that

are the subject of a sentence

Objective Nouns and Pronouns - ANSWER: The case for nouns and pronouns that are

an object in a sentence

Possessive Nouns and Pronouns - ANSWER: The case for nouns and pronouns that

show possession or ownership

How can Pronouns be Grouped? - ANSWER: -Intensive (I myself, you yourself, he

himself, she herself, the itself, we ourselves, you yourselves, they themselves)

-Relative (which, who, whom, whose)

-Interrogative (what, which, who, whom, whose)

-Demonstrative (this, that, these, those)

-Indefinite (all, any, each, everyone, either/neither, one, some, several)

-Reciprocal (each other, one another)

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ILTS Elementary Education (305-Content

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Nouns - ANSWER: A person, place, thing, or idea Common Noun - ANSWER: The class or group of people, places, and things (not capitalized) Proper Nouns - ANSWER: The names of a specific person, place, or thing (capitalized) General Nouns - ANSWER: The names of conditions or ideas Specific Nouns - ANSWER: Names people, places, and things that are understood by using your senses Collective Nouns - ANSWER: The names for a person, place or thing that may act as a whole Pronouns - ANSWER: Words that are used to stand in for a noun Nominative Nouns and Pronouns - ANSWER: The case for nouns and pronouns that are the subject of a sentence Objective Nouns and Pronouns - ANSWER: The case for nouns and pronouns that are an object in a sentence Possessive Nouns and Pronouns - ANSWER: The case for nouns and pronouns that show possession or ownership How can Pronouns be Grouped? - ANSWER: - Intensive (I myself, you yourself, he himself, she herself, the itself, we ourselves, you yourselves, they themselves)

Relative (which, who, whom, whose)
Interrogative (what, which, who, whom, whose)
Demonstrative (this, that, these, those)
Indefinite (all, any, each, everyone, either/neither, one, some, several)
Reciprocal (each other, one another)

Transitive Verbs - ANSWER: A verb whose action points to a receiver Intransitive Verbs - ANSWER: A verb that does not point to a receiver of an action Action Verbs - ANSWER: A verb that shows what subject is doing in a sentence Linking Verbs - ANSWER: Link the subject of a sentence to a noun or pronoun or link a subject with an adjective Transitive Verbs-Active Voice - ANSWER: The subject of the sentence is doing the action Transitive Verbs-Passive Voice - ANSWER: The subject receives the action Past Verbs - ANSWER: The action happened in the past Present Verbs - ANSWER: The action happens at the current time Future Verbs - ANSWER: The action is going to happen later Past Perfect Verbs - ANSWER: The second action started in the past and the first action came before the second Present Perfect Verbs - ANSWER: The action started in the past and continues into the present Future Perfect Verbs - ANSWER: An action that uses the past and the future Conjugating Verbs - ANSWER: When you change the form of a verb Indicative Moods - ANSWER: Used for facts, opinions, and questions Imperative Moods - ANSWER: Used for orders or requests Subjunctive Moods - ANSWER: Used for wishes and statements that go against facts Adjectives - ANSWER: A word that is used to modify a noun or pronoun Articles - ANSWER: Adjectives that are used to mark nouns Types of Articles - ANSWER: - Definite (the)

Indefinite (a, an) Relative Adjectives - ANSWER: Can show the comparison between things

Indirect Objects - ANSWER: A word or group of words that show how an action had an influence on someone or something Predicate Nominatives - ANSWER: The word (noun or pronoun) that gets linked to the subject in the predicate that describe or define the subject Predicate Adjectives - ANSWER: The word (adjective) that gets linked to the subject in the predicate that describe or define the subject Pronoun-Antecedents Agreement - ANSWER: Pronouns and their antecedents agree when they have the same number and gender Clauses - ANSWER: A group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate Independent Clauses - ANSWER: Contains a complete thought (stands alone) Dependent/Subordinate Clauses - ANSWER: Includes a subject and verb (cant stand alone) Adjective Clauses - ANSWER: A dependent clause that modifies a noun or pronoun Essential Clauses - ANSWER: Explains or defines a person or thing (no comma) Nonessential Clauses - ANSWER: Give more information about a person or thing but are not necessary to define them (uses comma) Adverb Clauses - ANSWER: A dependent clause that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb Noun Clause - ANSWER: A dependent clause that can be used as a subject, object, or complement Subordination - ANSWER: When 2 related ideas are not of equal importance, the ideal way to combine them is to make the more important idea an independent clause, and the less important idea a dependent or subordinate clause Phrases - ANSWER: A groups of words that functions as a single part of speech that adds detail or explanation to a sentence, or renames something in the sentence Prepositional Phrases - ANSWER: Begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun that is the object of the preposition Verbal Phrases - ANSWER: Formed from a verb but does not function as a verb Types of Verbals - ANSWER: - Participle (always functions as an objective)

Gerund (always functions as a noun)
Infinitive (functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb) Participle Phrases - ANSWER: Come right before or right after the noun or pronoun that they modify Gerund Phrases - ANSWER: Can be used as the subject of a sentence, the predicate nominative, or the object of a verb or preposition Infinitive Phrases - ANSWER: Includes the verbal itself and all of its complements or modifiers Appositive Phrases - ANSWER: Used to explain or rename nouns or pronouns Absolute Phrases - ANSWER: Consists of a noun followed by a participle to provide context to what is being describes in the sentence Proper Parallel Structures - ANSWER: Items and ideas must be stated in grammatically equivalent ways Complete Sentence - ANSWER: Has a subject and a verb or predicate Fragments - ANSWER: Sentences without a complete thought Declarative Sentences - ANSWER: States a fact and ends with a period Imperative Sentences - ANSWER: Tells someone to do something and ends with a period Interrogative Sentences - ANSWER: Asks a question and ends with a question mark Exclamatory Sentences - ANSWER: Shows strong emotion and ends with an exclamation point Simple Sentences - ANSWER: Has 1 independent clause with no dependent clauses Compound Sentences - ANSWER: Has 2 or more independent clauses with no dependent clauses Complex Sentences - ANSWER: Has 1 independent clause and at least 1 dependent clause Compound-Complex Sentences - ANSWER: Has 2 independent clauses and at least 1 dependent clause

Interjections
After yes and no responses
Separate nonessential modifiers
Separate nonessential appositives
Set off nouns of direct address, interrogative tags, and contrast
dates, addresses, geographical names, and titles
Separate expressions like he said and she said Semicolon - ANSWER: Used to connect major sentence pieces of equal value When do you use a Semicolon? - ANSWER: - Between closely connected independent clauses
Between independent clauses linked with a transitional word
Between items in a series that has internal punctuation Colon - ANSWER: Used to call attention to the words that follow it When do you use a Colon? - ANSWER: - After a complete independent clause
Make a list
Explanations ams give a quote
After the greeting in a formal letter, to show hours and minutes, and Separate a title and subtitle Parentheses - ANSWER: Are used for additional information When do you use Quotation Marks? - ANSWER: - Close off a persons spoken or written words
Titles and short works
Highlight irony
Inside for periods and commas
Outside for colons and semicolons

Apostrophe - ANSWER: Use to show possession or the deletion of letters in contractions Hyphens - ANSWER: Used to separate compound words When do you use Hyphens? - ANSWER: - Compound numbers

Written our fractions
Adjectives that come before a noun Dashes - ANSWER: To show a break or a change in thought in a sentence or to act as parentheses in a sentence When do you use Dashes? - ANSWER: - To set off parenthetical statements or an appositive with internal punctuation
To show a break or change in tone or thought Ellipsis - ANSWER: Has 3 periods to show when words have been removed from a quotation When do you use Brackets? - ANSWER: - When placing parentheses inside of parentheses
When adding clarification or detail to quotation that is not part of the quotation Commonly Confused Words - ANSWER: - Which (used for things only)
That (used for people and things)
Who (used for people only) Homophones - ANSWER: Words that sound alike, but have different spellings and definitions Examples of Homophones - ANSWER: - To, too, and two
There, their, and they're
Knew and new
its and it's
your and you're

Explain it's meaning
Support it with quotations or other evidence
Explain how the point and the evidence are related to the thesis What should be Addressed in the Last Part of an Essay? - ANSWER: - Summary of Points 1- 3
Thesis Statement Informative/Explanatory Writing - ANSWER: Writing based on something that is true or factual Argumentative Writing - ANSWER: Writing strives to prove something that may or may not be true or factual Narrative Writing - ANSWER: Writing that tells a story Concrete Language - ANSWER: Provides informations that readers can grasp and empathize with Abstract Language - ANSWER: More general, can leave readers felling disconnected, empty, or even confused Journals - ANSWER: A personal account of events, experiences, feelings, and thoughts Letters - ANSWER: Messages written to other people Blogs - ANSWER: Writing done exclusively on the internet How can Outlines help with Writing? - ANSWER: - Facilitate quick identification of the main point and supporting details
Helps analyze a piece of existing writing Words to Signal Introduction - ANSWER: First of all Words to Signal Points - ANSWER: Also, in addition, besides, moreover, furthermore, not only that Words to Signal Conculsion - ANSWER: Lastly, finally, last but not least Paragraph - ANSWER: A group of sentences that forms a unit separate from other paragraphs

How to Write an Effective Paragraph? - ANSWER: - Focus on 1 main idea

Use specific details
Use structural patterns Types of Structural Patterns - ANSWER: - Narration
Description
Definition
Example and illustration
Division and classification
Comparison and contrast
Analogy
Cause and effect
Process Coherence - ANSWER: Details that fit together and flow well to clearly understand the main points Transitions - ANSWER: Guide readers from idea to idea Thesis - ANSWER: Main idea of the story that includes the topic and comment Analogies - ANSWER: Comparisons between items that appear to have nothing in common Paragraph of Narration - ANSWER: Tells a story or a part of a story Descriptive Paragraph - ANSWER: Makes a verbal portrait of a person, place, or thing Process Paragraph - ANSWER: Related to time order Comparing 2 Things - ANSWER: Draws attention to their similarities and indicates a number of differences Why Start a New Paragraph? - ANSWER: - Mark off introduction and conclusion
Signal a shift to a new idea or topic

Simile (compares using like or as)
Metaphor (compares without using like or as)
Personification (describing a thing or animal as a person)
Alliteration (series of words containing the same sound)
Imagery (create mental images of the story) Descriptive Language - ANSWER: Evokes imagery in the readers mind to make a story come alive Figure of Speech - ANSWER: Word of phrase that departs from straight forward, literal language Literacy - ANSWER: The ability to read and write Reading Literacy - ANSWER: Ability to read Writing Literacy - ANSWER: Includes spelling, grammar, and sentence structure Phonological Awareness - ANSWER: The ability to perceive sound structures in a spoken language Phonemes - ANSWER: The sounds represented by the eaters in the alphabet Classroom Activities that Teach Phonological Awareness - ANSWER: - Clapping to the sounds of individual words, names, or all words in a sentence
Practice saying blended phonemes
Singing songs that involve phoneme replacement
Reading poems, songs, and nursery rhymes out loud
Reading patterned and predictable texts out loud
Listening to environmental sounds or following verbal directions
Playing games with rhyming chants or finger plays
Reading alliterate texts out loud
Grouping objects by beginning sounds

Reordering Words in a well known sentence or making silly phrases by deleting words from a well known sentence Alphabetic Principal - ANSWER: The use of letters and combinations of letters to represent speech sounds Alphabet Writing Systems - ANSWER: - Phonological (each letter stands for an individual sound and words are spelled just as they sound)
Logographic (Chinese)
Syllabic (Japanese) How can Children Learn Language? - ANSWER: - Interacting with others
Experiencing in daily and relevant context
Understanding that speaking and listening are necessary for effective communication How can Teachers Promote Language Development? - ANSWER: - Modeling enriched vocabulary and teaching new words
Using questions and examples to extend a child's descriptive language skills
Providing ample response time to encourage children to practice speech
Asking for clarification to provide students with the opportunity to develop communication skills
Promoting conversations among children
Providing feedback to let children know they have been heard and understood
Providing further explanation when needed Oral Language Development - ANSWER: Does not occur naturally, but does occur in a social context Written Language Development - ANSWER: Occurs without direct instruction How to Provide a Print Rich Environment? - ANSWER: - Displaying
Graphic organizers
Big books

Vocabulary - ANSWER: The list of words that students understand and comprehend How can Teacher Promote Vocabulary Development? - ANSWER: - Prior knowledge

Defining Words
Context clues
Prefixes, roots, and suffixes
Dictionaries and thesaurus
Allow for practice
Print rich environment
Group Words into single subject Affixes - ANSWER: Syllables attached to the beginning or end of a word to make a derivative or inflectional form of a word Prefixes - ANSWER: Syllables that appear at the beginning of a word Root Words - ANSWER: The base of a word to which affixes can be added Suffixes - ANSWER: Syllables that appear at the end of a word Types of Suffixes - ANSWER: - Noun suffix
Verb suffix
Adjective suffix Strategies to Improve Reading Comprehesion - ANSWER: - Illustrations and questions
Predictions
Relating or connecting
Retelling Prior Knowledge - ANSWER: Something from a students long term memory Effective Classroom Practices for Second Language Acquisition - ANSWER: - Understandable instruction

Relate instruction to cultures
Increase interactive activities
Cover all curriculum areas
Use consistent routines
Use a schedule
Create group activities
Students as translators
Establish word to action relationships
Experiment with and practice
Use multi sensory learning Learning Theory Approach - ANSWER: Assumes that language is first learned by imitating the speech of adults, then is solidified in school through drills about the rules of language structures Linguistic Theory Approach - ANSWER: Proposes that the ability to use a language is innate Cognitive Theory Approach - ANSWER: States that children must develop appropriate cognitive skills before they can acquire language Sociocognitive Theory Approach - ANSWER: Proposes that language development is a complex interaction or linguistic, social, and cognitive influences How to Encourage ESL Students to Listen? - ANSWER: - Talk about interesting topics
Give examples that are easy to understand or are related to the topic
Avoid colloquiums and slang terms
Clarify points, repeat words, and define words
Support words with visuals Top-down Processing - ANSWER: The listener refers to background and global knowledge to figure out the meaning of a message

Ballards - ANSWER: Structured with rhyme and meter to focus on subjects such as love, death, and religious topics Elegies - ANSWER: Mourning poems written in lament, praise of the deceased, and solace for loss Odes - ANSWER: Evolved from songs to the typical poems, expressing strong feelings and contemplative thoughts Pastoral Poems - ANSWER: Idealize nature and country living Epigrams - ANSWER: Memorable rhymes with 1 or 2 lines Limericks - ANSWER: 2 lines of iambic diameter followed by 2 lines of iambic diameter and another of iambic triameter Haikus - ANSWER: Poems that have 17 syllables (5- 7 - 5) that are distributed across 3 lines and have a pause after line 1 or 2 Sonnets - ANSWER: Poems with 14 lines of iambic pentameter, tightly organizes around a theme Novels of Manners - ANSWER: Fictional stories that observe, explore, and analyze the social behaviors of a specific time and place. Epistolary Novels - ANSWER: Told in the form of letters written by their characters rather than in narrative form Pastoral Novels - ANSWER: Lyrically idealize country life as idyllic and utopian, akin to the Garden of Eden Bildungsroman - ANSWER: Describes apprenticeship novels focusing on coming of age stories and is German for education novel Roman à Clef - ANSWER: Refers to books that require a real life frame of reference or key, for full comprehension and is French for novel with a key Realism - ANSWER: A literacy form with the goal of representing reality as faithfully as possible Satire - ANSWER: Uses sarcasm, irony, and/or humor as social criticism to lampoon human folly William Shakespeare - ANSWER: A poet and play writer who lived in England and wrote poems, sonnets, and plays

Types of Dramatic Comedies - ANSWER: - The farce (zany and goofy type of comedy that includes pratfalls and slapstick humor)

The romantic comedy (includes humor and a happy ending with love)
The satirical comedy (mock and lampoon human foolishness and vices) Aristotle's 5 Critical Terms Relative to Tragedy - ANSWER: - Anagnorisis (tragic recognition)
Hamartia (tragic flaw)
Hubris (tragic overstepping)
Nemesis (tragic punishment)
Peripateia (tragic turning) Hegel's Theory of Tragedy - ANSWER: A tragedy must involve some circumstance in which 2 values or right are fatally at odds with one another and conflict directly Predictions - ANSWER: Conclusions that readers make based on what will happen in the text Inferences - ANSWER: Conclusions that readers make based on observations and previous knowledge Connections - ANSWER: Help readers understand text better and predict what might occur next based on what they already know Kinds of Connections - ANSWER: - Text to self
Text to text
Text to world Summarize - ANSWER: Helps readers identify important information and organize it in their minds Paraphrase - ANSWER: Helps readers comprehend information by rephrasing the authors words and details Topics - ANSWER: The subject of the text Main Idea - ANSWER: The most important point being made by the author

ILTS Elementary Education (305-Content Test) 2025/2026, Exams of Advanced Education

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ILTS Elementary Education (305-Content

Test) 2025/