INDIAN POLITY UPSC -PRE, Lecture notes of Political Systems

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INDIAN POLITY

EQUALITY

SOCIAL JUSTICE

RIGHTS

CONSTITUTION

ARTICLES

DUTIES

PREAMBLE

Basics and Background :

Difference between Polity, Politics and Political Science:

1. Polity : It deals with the political system of a state.
   2. Politics :
      3. Political Science :

It is the political activity to govern the society.

It is the subject that comprises of various subfields including Comparative Politics, International Relations, Political Economy and Political Methodology. NOTE : These three words are not interchangeable.

Difference between the Development of the Indian Constitution and Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Before 1950, whatever has been done in the Indian Constitution can be Considered as the development of the Indian Constitution.

Post 1950, everything that has been added in the Indian Constitution cn be

regarded as the Evolution of Indian Constitution (E.g., Doctrine of creamy

layer, Doctrine of the collegium, Doctrine of the basic structure, etc).

Separation of Power : Decentralization of Power : When a horizontal division of power takes place among the organs of the government - Judiciary, Executive, and Legislative. It is a core concept of the Presidential form of government. Power : Divison of Power : When a vertical division of power takes place between National Government and Regional Government. It is a core concept of term ‘ Federalism’. When in a political system there exists multiple centers of power from central level to local level, it is called Decentralization of Power.