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IT's Impact on Society: Education, Health, Money, Leisure, and Government, Summaries of Information Technology

Accrington and Rossendale CollegeInformation Technology

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Typology: Summaries

2009/2010

Uploaded on 05/04/2023

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Lesson 1.2: Information Technology &
Your Life: The Future Now
Information technology (IT) is a popular term that portrays any technology that
helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and disseminate information.
IT fuses computing with high-speed communications links that relay data,
sound, and video. Examples of information technology are personal computers
but also new forms of electronic appliances and various handheld devices.
Education: A More Interactive and Individualized Learning
No one will argue that information technology is universal on college
campuses, and at lower levels, the internet has penetrated 99% of schools.
Most college students are already exposed to computers since their lower
grades. One-fifth of college students are saying they were using computers
between ages 5 and 8, and all had started using computers by the time they
were 16-18 years old.
When assimilated into the curriculum and classroom, information technology
can allow students to personalize their education. It can also automate many
tedious and usual tasks of teaching and managing classes and reduce the
teacher’s workload so that he or she can focus on reaching individual students.
Besides using the internet to teach, today’s college instructors also use
presentation applications such as PowerPoint to convey their lecture outlines
and other materials on classroom screens. One of the most exciting progress
in education at all levels is the proliferation of distance learning, or e-learning,
the term given to online education programs, which has gone from under 2
million online students in 2003 to an expected nearly 5 million students in 2009.
Bringing career and technical courses to students in rural areas, pairing gifted
science students with master teachers, and helping busy professionals obtain
further credentials outside business hours are some of the applications of e-
learning. But the influence of information technology into education has just
started.
Health: High Tech for Wellness
Computer technology is fundamentally changing the tools of medicine. All
medical data, including those generated by a lab test, pulse monitor, and X
rays, can now be conveyed to a doctor in digital format. Image transfer
technology relays radiologic images such as CT scans and MRIs to electronic
charts and physicians' offices immediately. Intensive care patients, who are
usually observed by nurses during off-times, can also be monitored by doctors
in remote "control towers" far away. Electronic medical records and other
computerized tools capacitate heart attack patients to receive follow-up drug
treatment and people with diabetes from having their blood sugar levels
measured. The software can compute a woman's breast cancer risk. Patients
can use email to ask their doctors about their records (although there are still
privacy and security issues).
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Lesson 1.2: Information Technology &

Your Life: The Future Now

Information technology (IT) is a popular term that portrays any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and disseminate information. IT fuses computing with high-speed communications links that relay data, sound, and video. Examples of information technology are personal computers but also new forms of electronic appliances and various handheld devices.

Education: A More Interactive and Individualized Learning

No one will argue that information technology is universal on college campuses, and at lower levels, the internet has penetrated 99% of schools. Most college students are already exposed to computers since their lower grades. One-fifth of college students are saying they were using computers between ages 5 and 8, and all had started using computers by the time they were 16-18 years old. When assimilated into the curriculum and classroom, information technology can allow students to personalize their education. It can also automate many tedious and usual tasks of teaching and managing classes and reduce the teacher’s workload so that he or she can focus on reaching individual students. Besides using the internet to teach, today’s college instructors also use presentation applications such as PowerPoint to convey their lecture outlines and other materials on classroom screens. One of the most exciting progress in education at all levels is the proliferation of distance learning, or e-learning, the term given to online education programs, which has gone from under 2 million online students in 2003 to an expected nearly 5 million students in 2009. Bringing career and technical courses to students in rural areas, pairing gifted science students with master teachers, and helping busy professionals obtain further credentials outside business hours are some of the applications of e- learning. But the influence of information technology into education has just started.

Health: High Tech for Wellness

Computer technology is fundamentally changing the tools of medicine. All medical data, including those generated by a lab test, pulse monitor, and X rays, can now be conveyed to a doctor in digital format. Image transfer technology relays radiologic images such as CT scans and MRIs to electronic charts and physicians' offices immediately. Intensive care patients, who are usually observed by nurses during off-times, can also be monitored by doctors in remote "control towers" far away. Electronic medical records and other computerized tools capacitate heart attack patients to receive follow-up drug treatment and people with diabetes from having their blood sugar levels measured. The software can compute a woman's breast cancer risk. Patients can use email to ask their doctors about their records (although there are still privacy and security issues).

Various robots, automatic devices that execute functions ordinarily performed by humans, with names such as HelpMate, ROBO DOC, RoboCart, and TUG, help free medical workers for more critical tasks. The four-armed da Vinci surgical robot, for instance, can do cuts and sutures deep inside the body to have less traumatic surgery and faster recovery time. Artificial limbs get "smarter" by using hydraulics and computers. A stroke-paralyzed patient has obtained an implant that allows communication between a computer and his brain; as a result, he can navigate a cursor across a screen using brainpower and convey simple messages. Patients are often already steeped in information about their conditions when they arrive in health care professionals' offices. It represents a fundamental shift of knowledge, and therefore power, from physicians to patients. Also, health care consumers can now share experiences and information.

Money: Toward the Cashless Society

Besides currency, credit and debit cards, and paper checks, the things that substitute as “money” include automatic transfers (such as direct-deposit paychecks), cash-value cards (such as subway fare cards), and digital money (“electronic wallet” accounts such as PayPal). You probably already have engaged in online buying and selling, purchasing airline tickets, or computers. But what about groceries? E-grocers keep their delivery charges at a minimum and delivery times convenient. They take great efforts in filling orders, knowing that a single bad piece of fruit will produce a devastating word-of-mouth backlash. Online bill paying is also becoming mainstream. Paying bills online has also been possible, such as phone and utility companies, with special software and online connections to your bank. Some banks and other businesses are deploying an electronic payment system that allows internet users to buy goods and services with micropayments — electronic payments as little as 25 cents in transactions for which it is wasteful to use a credit card. All kinds of businesses and organizations now accept micropayments.

Leisure: Infotech in Entertainment & the Arts

Information technology is being utilized in all kinds of entertainment, ranging from videogames to telegambling. The arts have also applied it, from painting to photography. Let us ponder on just two applications: music and film. The World Wide Web, the internet, and computers control the system of music recording and distribution—and in the process, they are altering the financial underpinnings of the music industry. Since the industry has a high overhead, major record labels typically require a band to sell half a million CDs to be categorized as profitable. Still, independent groups can be reasonably successful by selling 20,000 or 30,000 albums using online marketing. As for movies, now that blockbuster films routinely incorporate live-action and animation, computer graphic artists are in demand. Star Wars: Episode I (1999), for example, had 1,965 digital shots out of about 2,200 shots. It was

posting happens to be the one you are already employed. Also, you have to be aware that you lose control over anything broadcast into cyberspace. You are putting your credentials out there for the whole world to see, and you need to be somewhat concerned about who might gain access to them.