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1
GENERAL INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
QUESTION BANK CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SERIES
Atoms and the Atomic Theory
- Atoms retain their identity during a chemical reaction.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- All matter is composed of atoms.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- Atoms combine in small, whole-numbered ratios.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- All atoms of a given element are identical.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- Different ratios of atoms produce different compounds.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- J. J. Thomson suggested the "plum pudding" model of the atom.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- Robert Millikan determined the charge on an electron.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of a given atom is called the atomic number.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- Isotopes have different atomic number ( Z ) but the same mass number ( A ).
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
2
- The vertical columns in the periodic table of the elements are called groups.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Type: TF
Reference: Section 2-
- A 25 g sample of sugar is found to contain 51.4% oxygen by mass. Another 250 g sample of the
same sugar is also 51.4% oxygen by mass. This is consistent with the:
A) law of conservation of mass
B) law of constant composition
C) law of multiple proportions
D) first assumption of Dalton's atomic theory
E) second assumption of Dalton's theory
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- When a chemical reaction is carried out in a sealed container, the substances may change in color,
temperature, or state, but no change in mass is detected. This is evidence of the:
A) law of conservation of mass
B) law of constant composition
C) law of definite proportions
D) existence of electrons
E) existence of protons
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- When decomposed chemically, 73.0 grams of a sample of HCl produce 71.0 g of Cl2 and 2.0 g of
H2, while 34.0 g of a sample of H2S produce 32.0 g of S and 2.0 g of H2. This is an example of the
Law:
A) of Conservation of Mass
B) of Multiple Proportions
C) of Definite Proportions
D) E = mc^2
E) of Simple Whole Numbers
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Choose the INCORRECT statement from those given below.
A) Atoms retain their identity during a chemical reaction.
B) All matter is composed of atoms.
C) Atoms combine in small, whole-numbered ratios.
D) All atoms of a given element are identical.
E) Different ratios of atoms produce different compounds.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
4
- Which of the following would be unaffected by an electric field?
A) alpha particles
B) beta particles
C) gamma rays
D) protons
E) electrons
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Choose the correct statement.
A) Neutrons have no charge and no mass.
B) An electron has 1/1837 the mass of a proton.
C) The atomic number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
D) The charge of a proton is 1837 times the charge of an electron.
E) Electrons and protons have about the same mass.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Which of the following is a correct feature of the nuclear atom proposed by Rutherford?
A) All atoms of an element have the same mass.
B) The atom is mostly empty space.
C) The number of neutrons and electrons in the atom are equal.
D) The majority of alpha particles to strike the foil "bounced back."
E) It is like the "plum pudding" model.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Beta particles:
A) have a mass of 4 and a charge of +
B) are like X-rays
C) are repelled by a positively charged plate
D) are electrons
E) have the same mass as a neutron
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
5
- Ernest Rutherford is credited with:
I) the nuclear model of the atom
II) the identification of alpha and beta particles
III) the discovery of protons
IV) the prediction of a third, neutral, subatomic particle
A) I and II
B) I and III
C) I, II, III
D) II, III, IV
E) I, II, III, IV
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Choose the INCORRECT statement.
A) Gamma rays are bent by magnetic fields as a ray of positive charges.
B) Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus.
C) Protons and neutrons are close to the same mass.
D) The atomic number is the proton number.
E) The mass number is the number of protons plus neutrons.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- What is the mass number of the most abundant form of oxygen atom?
A) 15.
B) 8
C) 16
D) 24
E) 32
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Which of these atoms has the greatest number of neutrons in its nucleus?
A)
Mn 25
B)
Co 27
C)
Fe 27
D)
Ni 28
E)
Si 14
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
7
- A hypothetical element, E, has two stable isotopes.
E-38 = 38.012 u 75.68%
E-46 = 45.981 u 24.32%
The element's atomic mass would be closest to which of the elements?
A) K
B) Ar
C) Ca
D) Sc
E) Cl
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- The atomic weight of chlorine is very close to 35.5. This means that:
A) chlorine occurs with a variable number of protons
B) a variable number of electrons gives the fractional weight
C) on the average, an atom of chlorine weighs almost 3 times as much as carbon
D) the actual weight of a chlorine atom is not known very precisely
E) chlorine atoms contain half of a proton
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- An element has 5 stable isotopes. The mass and percentage of each are:
The element is which of the following?
A) As
B) Se
C) Ge
D) Ga
E) Zn
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
8
- An element has 5 stable isotopes. The mass and percentage of each are:
The element is which of the following?
A) Nb
B) Y
C) Sr
D) Zr
E) Rb
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Which statement below is true?
A) Metals gain electrons to have a positive charge.
B) Metals gain electrons to have a negative charge.
C) Metals lose electrons to have a positive charge.
D) Nonmetals lose electrons.
E) Transition metals can gain 2 or more electrons to become metal ions.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Groups, or families, on the periodic table are:
A) vertical columns of elements with similar properties
B) horizontal rows of elements with increasing atomic numbers
C) named for the first elements in the series; such as "actinides"
D) extremely reactive with each other
E) elements that all occur naturally in the same state
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- Which of the following is a metalloid?
A) mercury
B) selenium
C) bismuth
D) radium
E) calcium
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
10
- How many moles are represented by 2.5 × 1015 Na atoms?
A) 3.8 × 10-10 mol
B) 1.8 × 10-10 mol
C) 1.5 × 1039 mol
D) 4.2 × 10-9 mol
E) 1.1 × 1014 mol
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- The natural abundance of calcium in the earth's crust is 3.4% by mass. How many calcium atoms are
present in a 1.50 g sample of the earth's crust?
A) 6.6 × 1023 atoms
B) 3.1 × 1022 atoms
C) 7.7 × 1020 atoms
D) 7.7 × 1022 atoms
E) 5.1 × 1020 atoms
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- 57.7 g Ni contains how many atoms?
A) 6.13 × 1023 atoms
B) 3.47 × 1023 atoms
C) 5.92 × 1023 atoms
D) 1.24 × 1024 atoms
E) 0.983 atoms
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- How many atoms of silicon are contained in 8.50 × 10-5 grams?
A) 1.44 × 1023 atoms
B) 1.82 × 1018 atoms
C) 5.02 × 1030 atoms
D) 5.02 × 1018 atoms
E) 1.82 × 1020 atoms
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
11
- If the density of lead is 11.34 g/cm3, how many atoms are in a piece of lead that is 2.00 cm wide,
1.00 m long, and 2.00 mm thick?
A) 1.32 × 1024 atoms
B) 1.16 × 1023 atoms
C) 1.32 × 1023 atoms
D) 1.16 × 1022 atoms
E) 6.60 × 1023 atoms
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- How many atoms of rubidium-85 are in 87.2 g of rubidium? Rubidium-85 is 72.2 % abundant.
A) 5.16 × 1046 atoms
B) 4.44 × 1023 atoms
C) 8.51 × 1023 atoms
D) 6.14 × 1022 atoms
E) 1.02 × 1024 atoms
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- How many atoms of hydrogen are present in 1.5 lb of hydrogen peroxide, which is 5.93% hydrogen?
(1 lb = 454 grams)
A) 2.4 × 1025 atoms
B) 1.21 × 1025 atoms
C) 1.2 × 1025 atoms
D) 2.41 × 1025 atoms
E) 1.2 × 1020 atoms
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
- How many atoms of sulfur are in 280 g of a 50% by mass H2SO4 solution?
A) 8.6 × 1025 atoms
B) 8.6 × 1023 atoms
C) 8.0 × 1025 atoms
D) 8.0 × 1023 atoms
E) 2.8 × 1029 atoms
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Type: MC
Reference: Section 2-
13
- A sample of pure carbon weighing 1.48 g was burned in an excess of air. The mass of carbon
dioxide, the sole product, was 5.42 g. In a second experiment, 11.62 g of carbon dioxide was obtained.
What mass of carbon was burned in the second experiment?
A) 42.6 g
B) 3.17 g
C) 3.54 g
D) 0.866 g
E) 11.6 g
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- A 1.4 g sample of calcium is reacted with 3.2 g of oxygen. The only product after the reaction is
1.96 g of CaO. How many grams of oxygen remains unreacted?
A) 0.56 g
B) 0.224 g
C) 2.64 g
D) 0.264 g
E) 0.203 g
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- A certain mass of nickel reacts with sulphur to produce 2.83 g of NiS. The same mass of nickel
reacts completely with 0.5 g of oxygen to produce 2.33 g of NiO. How many grams of sulfur reacted in
the first reaction?
A) 0.5 g
B) 1 g
C) 1.5 g
D) 10-1 g
E) 1.25 g
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Write the symbol for the radioactive isotope phosphorus-32.
A)
P
B)
Ge 32
C)
P
D)
P
E)
Ge 32
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
14
- The total number of neutrons in an 192Ir2+ cation is ________.
A) 115
B) 77
C) 192
D) 75
E) 269
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- With mass spectral data the ratio of the mass of 14N/12C was found to be 1.167. What is the mass of
the 14N atom?
A) 14.017 u
B) 10.292 u
C) 14.004 u
D) 17.000 u
E) 14.007 u
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Which is the proper chemical symbol for tungsten?
A) Te
B) Ti
C) Tm
D) W
E) Tc
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- The total numbers of neutrons, protons, and electrons in 31P3- are:
A) 15 neutrons, 31 protons, 15 electrons
B) 16 neutrons, 15 protons, 18 electrons
C) 31 neutrons, 15 protons, 18 electrons
D) 15 neutrons, 16 protons, 12 electrons
E) 16 neutrons, 16 protons, 18 electrons
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
16
- An anion has 45 neutrons and 36 electrons. If it has a -1 charge, what is its correct symbol?
A)
Br 32
B)
Br 35
C)
Rh 45
D)
Kr 36
E)
Br 45
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in
Mg 12
A) 12 protons, 10 electrons, 12 neutrons
B) 12 protons, 12 electrons, 12 neutrons
C) 12 protons, 12 electrons, 24 neutrons
D) 24 protons, 10 electrons, 12 neutrons
E) 10 protons, 12 electrons, 24 neutrons
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Write the appropriate symbol for the species containing 18 neutrons, 17 protons, and 16 electrons.
A)
Cl 35
B)
Ar 18
C)
Ar 17
D)
Br 35
E)
Cl 17
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
17
- What is the proper E
A
Z
notation for an ion having 35 protons, 36 electrons and 45 neutrons?
A)
Br 35
B)
Br 35
C)
Br 45
D)
Br 35
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Write the symbol for the most common ion formed by sulfur.
A) S-
B) S-
C) S+
D) S+
E) requires experimental data
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- An isotope with mass number 81 has eleven more neutrons than protons. This is an isotope of what
element?
A) Tl
B) Yb
C) Zr
D) Br
E) Nb
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- The following ratios of masses were obtained with a mass spectrometer:
Cl 17
F
F
C
What is the mass of a
Cl 17
atom in atomic mass units?
A) 35.45 u
B) 36.36 u
C) 13.95 u
D) 35.00 u
E) 34.97 u
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
19
- Rubidium possesses two stable forms and has an average mass of 85.5.
85Rb has a mass of 84.9 and a percent abundance of 72.2%. What is the mass of the other form of Rb?
A) 86.1 u
B) 85.7 u
C) 88.3 u
D) 87.1 u
E) 89.4 u
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- The three naturally occurring isotopes of magnesium are 24Mg (23.985042 u, 78.99%), 25Mg
(24.985837, 10.00%), and 26Mg. What is the atomic mass of 26Mg?
A) 25.98 u
B) 48.67 u
C) 23.94 u
D) 26.43 u
E) 24.31 u
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- The average atomic mass of B is 10.80 u. Boron has only two stable forms
B
(10.00 u) and
B
(11.00 u). What is the natural percent abundance of
B
A) 80%
B) 20%
C) 1.0%
D) 3.8%
E) 75%
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Silver possesses two stable isotopes: 107Ag (106.90 u) and 109Ag (108.90 u). If the average atomic
mass of Ag is 107.87 u, what is the percent abundance of 107Ag?
A) 48.5%
B) 50.0%
C) 51.5%
D) 46.3%
E) 53.8%
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
20
- A certain element contains eleven atoms of mass 95.952 u for every four atoms of mass 98.949 u.
Compute the average atomic weight of this element.
A) 97.451 u
B) 96.754 u
C) 98.150 u
D) 105.16 u
E) 96.952 u
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Calculate the percent abundance of the two isotopes of a fictional element, georgium, if it has an
average atomic mass of 291.23 u.
Go-290 289.86 u
Go-292 292.07 u
A) Go-290, 38% and Go-292, 62%
B) Go-290, 62% and Go-292, 38%
C) Go-290, 42% and Go-292, 58%
D) Go-290, 58% and Go-292, 42%
E) cannot be determined
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Magnesium has 3 stable isotopes with masses of 23.98504, 24.98584, and 25.98259 respectively.
Mg-25 is 10.13%. What are the percentages of the other two isotopes?
A) 78.9% and 10.9%
B) 50% and 50%
C) 44.9% and 44.9%
D) 83.6% and 16.4%
E) 78.9% and 21.1%
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
- Lead has 4 stable isotopes with masses of 203.973 (1.48%), 205.9745 (23.6%), 206.9759, and
207.9766 respectively. What are the percentages of the last two isotopes?
A) 77% and 23%
B) 50% and 50%
C) 37% and 38%
D) 64% and 11%
E) 24% and 50%
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Type: BI
Reference: Section 2-
