Download Anatomy and Function of the Integumentary System: Structure, Functions, and Components and more Quizzes Physiology in PDF only on Docsity!
Integumentary System Comprised of
Hair, skin, nails, epidermis, dermis, accessory TERM 2
Structure, two major components
DEFINITION 2 Cutaneous membraneSubcutaneous layer (hypodermis) TERM 3
Cutaneous Membrane
DEFINITION 3 Epidermis and Dermis ( skin) TERM 4
Subcutaneous Layer
DEFINITION 4 Lower level, connective tissue TERM 5
Function of the Integumentary System
DEFINITION 5 Protection - physical, chemical, biologicalTemperature Control - sweat to cool, vaso-constriction to warmStorage- nutrients, fat storageSensory Receptions- temp, pressure, painProtection from- UV raysProduction of surface film- oil glands,anti-fungal, sweat glandsSynthesis- Makes Vitamin D ( sun light)
Epidermis Consists of
Stratifiedsquamousepithelial TERM 7
Basement Membrane
DEFINITION 7 attached to epidermis, barrier between the epidermis and dermis TERM 8
Epidermis blood supply
DEFINITION 8 Is avascular, no blood vessels,nutrientsarereceivedfrom below TERM 9
Epidermis is capable of
DEFINITION 9 becoming Hard, or cornified TERM 10
Kerationcytes
DEFINITION 10 Cells that make Keratin
Pheomelanin
Yellow to red-brown TERM 17
Why is some UV light
good?
DEFINITION 17 Synthesis of Vitamin D TERM 18
Stratum Spinosum
DEFINITION 18 Cells finishing up division8-10 Cells ThickKeratin filaments are being formed TERM 19
Langerhans Cells
DEFINITION 19 formed in the bone marrow, part of the immune response, engulf pathogens,Formed in bone marrow, and migrate to this region TERM 20
Stratum Granulosum
DEFINITION 20 11th layer and beyondOlder Cells and are notnourishedwell
Stratum Lacidum
Only found in the thick skin areas (palms and soles of feet)Cells are clear, and dead TERM 22
Stratum Corneum
DEFINITION 22 The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of dead cells (corneocytes)20-40 Cells thickcells aresquamous shapedEpidermis totally replaces in about a month and a half TERM 23
Hyperkeratosis
DEFINITION 23 Really thickscaly Skin, usually caused by Vit. A def. TERM 24
EGF
DEFINITION 24 Epidermal growth FactorCan influence the rate of cell divisionwhen damaged it can stimulate an increased rate of cell division at the S. germinativumif abrasion occurs on a regular basis then calluses formSeveral skin diseases can result in too high of a mitotic rate TERM 25
Dermoepidermal
Junction
DEFINITION 25 The dermoepidermal junction is the area of tissue that joins the epidermal and the dermal layers of the skin. Glue like fibersbasement membrane
Pain receptors
Free nerve endings TERM 32
Meissner Corpuscles
DEFINITION 32 light pressure sensors TERM 33
Papillary layer tissue
DEFINITION 33 Loose connective tissue TERM 34
Reticular Layer
DEFINITION 34 Deepest skin layer containsblood vesselssweat and oil glandspacinian corpusclesphagocytescollagen and elastic fiberscleavage lines TERM 35
Pacinian Corpuscles
DEFINITION 35 deep pressure sensors
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the white blood cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. TERM 37
Cleaveage lines
DEFINITION 37 like the grain of woodimportant during surgerycutting with the grain reduces the pulling on the cutless scaring TERM 38
Blister
DEFINITION 38 A blister is a small pocket of fluid within the upper layers of the skin, typically caused by forceful rubbing, burning, freezing, chemical exposure or infection. Between the epidermis and dermis TERM 39
Subcutaneous
DEFINITION 39 Loose connective tissueA lot of adipose TERM 40
Skin color is determined by
DEFINITION 40 Melanin, oxygen, carotene, foods
Neonatal Jaundice
Neonatal jaundice or Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, or Neonatal icterus, attributive adjective: icteric, is a yellowing of the skin and other tissues of a newborn infant. TERM 47
Treatment of Jaundice
DEFINITION 47 Phototherapy with a special light that helps rid the body of bilirubin by altering it or making it easier for yourbaby'sliver to get rid of it. TERM 48
Bruises
DEFINITION 48 A bruise, also called a contusion, is a type of relatively minor hematoma of tissue in which capillaries and sometimes venules are damaged by trauma, allowing blood to seep into the surrounding interstitial tissues. TERM 49
Photodermatitis
DEFINITION 49 Rash/ reactions that only form in the presence of light TERM 50
Free Nerve
Endings
DEFINITION 50 A free nerve ending is an unspecialized, afferent nerve ending, meaning it brings information from the body's periphery toward the brain. I have been stimulated
Thermoreceptors
Measurestheamountof energy hot or cold relative to the body temp. TERM 52
Pacinian Corpuscles
DEFINITION 52 Deep pressure, located in the deep dermis TERM 53
Meissner's Corpuscle
DEFINITION 53 Meissner's corpuscles are a type of mechanoreceptor. They are a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to light touch. TERM 54
Root Hair Plexus
DEFINITION 54 senses then hair is touched TERM 55
What does Hair
do?
DEFINITION 55 InsulatesProtectionFiltration (keeps particles out of the eyes)Sensory
Sweat Glands
AcoprineEccrine or Merocrine TERM 62
Apocrine
DEFINITION 62 Pits and groin ---> pubertySmell is from bacteriaEmpties into the hair follicles TERM 63
Eccrine
DEFINITION 63 Clear sweat, saltyTemp regulation, nerves, sympatheticEmpty onto the surface of the skin TERM 64
Ceruminous Glands
DEFINITION 64 Make ear waxCeruminous glands are specialized sudoriferous glands located subcutaneously in the external auditory canal. TERM 65
Mammary Glands
DEFINITION 65 A mammary gland is an organ in female mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring. Mammals get their name from the word "mammary". produce milk, activated by hormones and physical stimuli
Functions of the Integumentary system
Protection Physical barrier Chemical barrier Biological barrier Temperature regulation TERM 67
Physical barrier
DEFINITION 67 Water proofing - keeps water ina variety of drugs, solvents, lipid-soluble substances as well as lead can be absorbed via the skin and result in kidney or liver failure, brain damage, anemia and potentially cancer. TERM 68
Chemical barrier
DEFINITION 68 Low pH, acidic inhibits the growth of bacteriaHuman Defensin, antibiotic on the skinCathelicidins, when wounded antiseptic, sterilize the area TERM 69
Biological barriers
DEFINITION 69 Macrophages, line in the dermis, second line of defenseLangerhans Cells- made in the bone marrow, migrate to the skin, it only eats specific things TERM 70
Temperature Regulation
DEFINITION 70 To maintain homeostasis, so metabolism can occur but not so hot as to denature protein
Rule of Nines
used to measure the extent of burn in relation to surface area burneddivides body into nine areasextent of burndetermines the amount of fluid to replace TERM 77
Rule of Palms
DEFINITION 77 Also used to determine the extent of burn in relation to surface area where one palm is equal to approx. 1% of total body surface TERM 78
Classification of Burns
DEFINITION 78 1st degree- epidermis is damaged, red, edema, will heal well2nd degree- epidermis and upper dermis, red, edema, and pain, blisters3rd degree- epidermis and dermis are destroyedif burning also involves underlying bone or muscle it is sometimes referred to as a 4th degree burn TERM 79
Fungus
DEFINITION 79 Most common skin disorder, increased sweating = higher riskRing worm, type of fungus TERM 80
Tinea capitis
DEFINITION 80 Tinea capitis is a superficial fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the scalp.
Tinea Faciei
Tinea faciei is a fungal infection of the face. TERM 82
Tinea Pedis
DEFINITION 82 Athlete's foot is a fungal infection of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itch of affected areas. TERM 83
Nail Fungal Infections
DEFINITION 83 adults, 11 million Americans,Nails are thickened discolored, and showaccumulationof debris under the nail.occasionally separation of the nail from the nails bed.Toenails are more frequently affectedDifficult to treat, require topical anti fungal creams, and oral griseofulvin for six months or more TERM 84
Rashes
DEFINITION 84 oils from plantsallergiesleadpoisonanxietypathogens TERM 85
Skin Cancer
DEFINITION 85 one in five Americans develop skin cancerbenign - non-life threateningmalignant - life threatening
Ageing
Skin injuries become more commonsensitivity to sun exposure increasesintegument weakensability to loose heat decreaseshair thins and changes colorskin becomes dry and scalyskin repairs slowly
