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Introduction - Research Survey - Lecture Slides, Slides of Research Methodology

Assam Don Bosco UniversityResearch Methodology

The purpose of this course is to familiarize participants with basic features of the design and implementation of surveys and acquaint them with principles and underlying theory from disciplines that traditionally use surveys. This lecture includes: Introduction, Survey Research, Purpose, Focus, Types of Data, Sampling, Sources of Bias, Demand Characteristics, Survey Research Classifications, Data Collection

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 08/31/2013

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Introduction to Survey Research
•Survey research is
–the most popular and common research method
used in social sciences as well as in our society
–is one of the most important areas of
measurement in applied social research.
•The broad area of survey research encompasses any
measurement procedures that involve asking
questions of respondents.
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Introduction to Survey Research

  • Survey research is
    • the most popular and common research method used in social sciences as well as in our society
    • is one of the most important areas of measurement in applied social research.
  • The broad area of survey research encompasses any measurement procedures that involve asking questions of respondents.

What is a survey?

• A "survey" can be anything from a

short paper-and-pencil feedback form

to an intensive one-on-one in-depth

interview.

Purpose

  • The aim of survey research is to measure

certain attitudes and/or behaviors of a

population or a sample.

  • The purpose of survey is to collect

information from many individuals, hoping

to understand them as a whole.

Focus

  • Survey research focuses on naturally

occurring phenomena. Rather than

manipulating phenomena, survey research

attempts to influence the attitudes and

behaviors it measures as little as possible.

Most often, respondents are asked for

information.

Sampling

  • A researcher may be able to gather data from all

members of a population. Most of the time, the population is so large that researchers must sample only a part of the population and make conclusions about the population based on the sample.

  • Because of this, gaining a representative sample is crucial in survey research.

Possible sources of bias

  • Demand characteristics
  • Reactivity
  • Response Bias

Survey Research Classifications

  • Classified according to PURPOSES
    • Exploratory survey: to form general ideas about the research questions
    • Descriptive survey: to collect more specific descriptions of the variables of interest
    • Explanatory survey: to develop understanding of relationships among variables of interest

Classification

  • Classified according to TIME
    • Cross-sectional survey: Data are collected at one point in time from a sample selected to represent a larger population.
    • Longitudinal surveys: to collect data over time.
      • Trend Studies: Surveys of sample population at different points in time
      • Cohort Studies: Study of same population each time data are collected, although samples studied may be different
      • Panel Studies: Collection of data at various time points with the same sample of respondents.

Survey Research Process

  • Survey research (like all research) begins

with identifying a problem and posing it as

a research question.

  • In higher education,
    • Problem: "Freshman enrollments are down."
    • Question: "What do college-bound high school students think of us?"

Survey Research Process

  • The survey research process includes the

design of a survey, the acquisition of a

sample, the fielding of the survey, and

analysis and presentation of results.

Issues to consider in survey research

  • What is your RESEARCH QUESTION?
  • Population : accessibility, literacy, and language issues?
  • Sampling : available data and participation of respondents?
  • Questions : type, length, and complexity? existing questionnaire?
  • Content : knowledge of?
  • Bias : honest responses and social desirability?
  • Administrative : cost, time, and equipment?