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INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY BA 1ST YEAR, Lecture notes of History

Introduction to history is a topic for BA history. It covers subtopics- 1.what is history and concept of history; 2.colonial approach/ imperialistic approach; 3. Nationalist approach; 4.Marxist approach; 5.subaltern approach.

Typology: Lecture notes

2022/2023

Uploaded on 01/09/2023

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bg1
Iatodv
cHon
o
HIS-DH
Tnoolu
c
hon
His
toy
fhe
Shdy
of
lf
e n
society
imHhe
past,
m
ell
La
shdy
of
cl1
aspect,
w
elafion
o
þruent
dmlopmimt
s
cmd
fudre
evidena
D
PARto
makorial
histoY
teoching lemni
hopes
Shovld
be
am
attemp
t
to
e-thi
nk
the
past
.
Cola
ood
C19
45
PHw
lanly
nuteruled
in
hus
concept
4 huto
my
Ht'sto
aims
ttomdustand
th
sint
exishn
$ocr'al, pou'Hcal,
elg
o
and
e
cono
mu
beople
.
The
Ide
e/
his
for
co
ndt
Hons y G tolungw
0od
Co
ncept
oHistou
past
Histoy
tho
ama lysis
and
imterpreakon
of h
human
FaA
enabung
us
to
6S
dy
0o
ntnuih
amd
Ch
placL
ow
im
Histo
m
ama
use
ol
foms
eid
cu
to
exmi
ne,
m p
et
HeNts)
amd
+A
paut.
hes
m
clwclt
mot
wt
Communicalt
onomd
objeefs
suck
onmdp
ALmaS,
mon
uran
wm
ttem
docw
men
k,
but
also
oral
os
ui
ldi
ngs
fAs
photoa
opha
Thy
n
Nai
lLob
cn
om
Depiainq
his
Forg
Thu
omgN A
Histoi
a'
which
eltcd F
hv
h ? (
all
pasf
wmts
aso
u'aled
wh
the
Greek
wword
mforma
Hon
a
ou
enqui
gmed
d
HI's
tory
Ges
chicrle CGeam
an)
Signapican
nt
ell'gt
blc
q
he
past
event
History
(
ga
sh) s
dy
4
ha
pas
ny
subject
Cam
b
am
dvt
Sfa
nd
Fer
ybe
Any
Natune-énqufy
f h
past
e
mis.
0f
0bjec-P
ast
humm
acfons
Aum
amis Hc)
3.
MeHhod
Ht'sto
is
basecd
on
Hsom
aatothal
bcs
iE
baved
on
vilime.
twid
en
Ce
.
Vclur
-Hi
Shom
u
hu
mom
Sel
Pmogt.
for
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd

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Iatodv cHon o HIS-DH

Tnoolu c hon Histoy fhe Shdyshdy ofof lf e n society imHhe past, mcl1 ell La aspect, w elafion o þruent dmlopmimt s cmd fudre

evidenauà D PARto makorial histoY teoching lemni

hopes

Shovld be am attemp t to e-thi nk the past. Cola ood

C19 (^45) PHw lanly (^) nuteruled in hus concept (^4) huto my

Ht'sto aims^ ttomdustand^ th sint exishn $ocr'al, pou'Hcal,

elgo^ and^ e^ cono^ mu

beople.

The Ide e/ his for co ndt Hons y^ G tolungw^ 0od

Co ncept (^) oHistou past

Histoy tho^ ama^ lysis^ and^ imterpreakon^

of h^ human^ FaA

enabung us to (^) 6S dy 0o ntnuih amd^ Ch placL ow im

Histo m^ ama^ use^ ol^ foms eid^ cu^ to^ exmi^ ne,^ m^ p^ et

HeNts) amd^ +A paut. hes m clwclt mot^ wt

Communicaltonomd objeefs^ suck

onmdp ALmaS, mon uran

wm (^) ttem docw (^) men (^) k, but (^) also oral os ui ldi ngs fAs photoa opha Thy n (^) Nai lLob cn om

Depiainq his Forg

Thu omgN A

Histoi a' which eltcd F hv h? ( all pasf wmts

aso u'aled^ wh^ the^ Greek^ wword

mforma Hon a^ ou^ enqui gmed

d HI's tory

Geschicrle^ CGeam^ an)^ Signapican^

ntell'gt blc^ q^ he^ past

event History (^ gash)^ s^ dy^4

ha (^) pas

ny subject^ Cam^ b^ am^ dvt^

Sfa nd^ Fer^ ybe Any Natune-énqufy 0ff^ h^ past^ e^ mis. 0bjec-P ast humm acfons Aum amis Hc)

3. MeHhod Ht'sto^ is^ basecd^ on

Hsom aatothal^ bcs^ iE^ baved^ on^

vilime.

twid en Ce

. Vclur^ -Hi Shom u^ for hu^ mom^ Sel^ Pmogt.

Hum anism at comes^ fmom^

hu Latum^ woT^ d,^

hummitas (^) , ohich^ mipms^ eeuca^ hon^ tha Culhn al movemmt

hini cyiu'zed^

mam" This^ beluif^ Sys

dubblud dyn'ng^

te Renaissamc

Roman valus^ Gke^ uLason:^ jush^

Ce and^ eh'Cs^

makad 9 Spotnao^ tol

uli' gtous^ iduas.^ Poplu

Sys fem or Renaissam ,^ promofmy^

Closical Gruk ani

w ho^ tol Low^ hon^ anism^

u called^ humami

eoold on^ Aamkt^ Th^ tas^

the hutomams^ &S^ Sty^ to Leope

ho ieally it^ wodch

EH Cast-'Facts Aindhg^ samne,^ m^

pmt fakon^ my^ difu
ouo o^ u^ kmmow^ what^ hisk

Colleo ton^ d^ od^

ei'om cA^ oun^ a,^ Yr3vt

. Seleckon data.

3. 9t p^ ntai^ on^ poach

HiBfo Conhnu^ os^ pm^ CesA^ £^

teackon p/uo
hi'stonams am 1 fa cs, amA on emdt^ g bt^ di'leet^ b/o^ u

bemed 2d eto croce- "AHl histoy u co nf empo Tary hr'sot*

He stale^ hat^ "Cofompo (^) stary his^ to" usbally scefts^ to^ o^ past.

dn actalik, 0onfemponay hes toy u that which begens at^ the

memont (^) ptom on^ aeHon t (^) dy ned a hu^ acfua n he stals that, whil bewndaris totumporarty ho

wni king thse

htoran looka fist w h t P J..

Buny Hiskon^ scence,^ no^ ale^ no^ eatabu'shus

He Sw hutoy

nvalidoted noug^ useat^ ch^ Heech^ ntquts^ ,^ The^ Onford^

school husdo ams,^ Freeman,^ Gmeen,^ amd^ Sfu^ bbs,^ emphas^ i^ zed^ H natune (^) g (^) hi'storg (^) 6se Ck.

ht'story a^ a^ dafa^ bamk^ fhot^

had beem

Scu'entpi c

Th ey nsls ted on wn hsto for t Sake wny

gand lem^4 ligrouu^ pot'Hcal

Hisfon a the scien tfr unu Higonfion the past. t wnttn on^ thu baA's (^) m (^) umor

hu t

bad

veHqaH'on. Hi'skory o O (^) mmay_0 (^) Second an

eniden .Vo docwmen Mmo hua koy o

poPotsoy my

3owicesJust a Sdence g bajed Cumo

#Concw sien^ ushat^ is^ hishory^ foom^ he^ aboe^ Hr'shnams

His ho^ y^ he sucord^ hese^ enenlu^ whi'ch^ imdicnli^ He

g wth^ mars^ mind,^

man's mtelleJemc

& n^ his^ ony^ w^

pimd momben^4 facto^ u^ ke^

pou'h'cal, ece^ nomin shope humam^ owlum^ ,^ humam^ cUIasaken

eco noic,

Soct oul^ and^ hust^

pacom

3 Hisoy^

what man^ has^ do^ nt

f imd^ Sc^ enc^

antomd (^) phi los^ op^ hf

4nhis he^ ny^

w fa^ sCi^ encu,^

anbamd pAi loiop^ ky

niden ce

Meth odo^ logy :^ 9t^ u^ pro^

cem csh'ch^ his^ lon^ ams^ Jahu

amd formu lati ide^ about^

fhL past th^ re

wh ch^ am^ acceumt^ A^ h^ past^

Consmwcked.

the fram uoork milo Ugh

Step 1:^ Colle^ cHon^ af^ dnt data (mwms^ soUTu^ facts) Primay docta:^ has^ dinect^

lahionshi'e lTh^ SUbjèck^ eg.^ gth svbjeck eg .Vedas,Vedas, Cgwat gttn, bible

se condany^ dat!^ has^

ndt nect^ meln^ RO^ nuhip^

wih hL^ subjeat^. somL hiso^ mams^ wn^

res abf^ Veda^ ,^ brble^ ete

Secondy dnta. So hAat uwould^ be

Sousce lAnd ent Hi s teny) aduy of
  • itenan

Shdy OF n (^) Salp Hos eptga bhy,^ nw^ mi^ smaHes,^

monumens, en^ Canvation

Shody 07 co^ llenHen

Ar chaulo fe (^3) n th^ soil^ to g ntain^ nmmatul^

b al

CU ren

S Forei om acooumts.

Step 23elecHoq

For sele^ chon^ wL^

Cetaim Methods

nteest 3 e^ ueseawrchurs

ron c^ [antmt,^ mdi^ vol^ ,^ modurn

b Them^ C^ so^ cial,^ ant^

cvltvral e^ te)

C orL.^ whunt^ ouan^

wtuuated in wh ch ploce^.

onL imtousted^ to^ shody^ t^ h s^ hoy^

9nolta o

fa y o^ Ss/a^ or^ tmsh.)

Avu bi (^) a the^ soucd^ matutlql

shes on^ 0mgnnau y 0 vmpootam^ te^

of on 0m nnaiy 3 cle an n^ ew^ abovt^ H^ obje^ chin

aim

teb 3 8 9ntepmeta H'on viw opi n ion, iden A

Cs uLmams^ Sanm^ tnMt.eApreea^ on^ monul^ olif^ t^ trt. Col oni^ al ntutpreta tbn^0 impotl^ al's^ Eic^ t#pron^ Ch

NaHonali'st rmtepmeta fron o^ Pot^ ri^ oHc^ PpDn^ ah

3 Max^ i'sF^ appo^ a^ ch Sub altetn appTon n.

Colonial abproach^ 9mpou'alisHc^

abproah 9-^ a 9-u'eh^ amd o uHcal^ system^ tnn^ lohich^ a Co wm hy Con hro Ls nota 'ch^ and^ bowotfol^ as^ i-self.

Owttfo/

o ther^ co^ un^ y^ colontes)^
o h^ ch te

ft ths mao7 þat of Hhe^ 1g^ h^ centuny,^ th^

colonu'al (^) oppo ach^ Occupleok

a hgh bostHon m^ Indt'am
mfwen CLd^ by^ h
h Stomo9map hy, Colonral^ afP^ ro^ ach

Colo ni^ al^ ideol^ ogy4^ ds^ minaton

Arsto hshy.^ Histomog^ aphy^

9nd'a

stooli' as,^ sowces,^

rRCal (^) ma Hod

wtene ta^ Honm^ bsed^ by-sehb^
S chelarts^ ho^ uele^ p

9ndtn

484 et^ ab^ lis^ hm^ en^ A^ Astatc^

goue y^ by^ sir^

wltom Jo^ nus

aSociey foun^ ded^ by^

BnHsh m^ t^ 9n^ dt'am

Sbcon Hnent^ m^ eay^ la^ aen^ uy^

with a^ new^ to^ encevy Suen CA, teaa hua and^ th^ atls^ m^ relaHon^ to^ Asa

Asia Hc u^ sean^ cheos^ Pubushuol^ a^ jo^ urnal.
by eo^ lo^ nd'al^ opRPT^0 aek

88 The 84 Use^ U^ bookm On 9ndi a (^) histoya wax pobu'she^ d^ byJamey^ Mil. 188 oook-Hisn^ ry^04 9ndfa^ by^

Jwmes Mi.

The &e con d book on 9ndtam hisoy u0us w mtttn by
book The 9ndi wn hiso a6 (1841- Pobd'shed )
MoUntsttart elphinson

his book

phu hone

uOus somehihaf symbatc on^ 9n^ diorn.s^ m

Ac tothun felldng htshoy,^ betome^ +6^ Bmt'sh^ camms^ to^

9nda,

Hinodu (^) & Musum^ despots^ 4ules^ ta^

coun (^) y Betuig fou^ ntoleranu, Cast e^ boos^ and^ sUpotsHHQus^ prac^

Hces dominat^ cd^ Socra^ Ufe^.

bo0k 9n^ di'an^ hustoy^ w^

on wmten^ by Thu ehmis Ha Lassem w as^ a^ VoTuegl^ am^ - bo^ m^ 4tmam^

gmmla list^ md^ ondo^ (oglsF^

Hi oas

aprofessor (^) A old^ nd^ iam^ lom u^ aqe^ omd^ ifa Bonn, Ge m in

He at^ the^ D Univor^ sihy

The book^ fo^ ok^20 yeA,^ fom^

8y7-l867 to^ complete.^ t^

Chnishan

las em has wmtten^ four^ vowmn^00

Sndtam hisht. His idea wag Hegel

Heqel beul^ ve^ m^

wtee (^) tun *Long9in^ of^ th^ State^

alc to^ Hegel)

Thesis (Famihh)^ Ldea^ A^ 3t^

m gt ellecwal Proposi^ Hon.

Hegel a3^ gutmam^

phulosophwi

AnHHhusis^ (eivil^

socdeh) ea^ B^ t^ s^

tmpyt naga^ Hon O +e^ gis^ ,^ a^ mea^

cionfo t^ popo^ s^ (Hon 3tate. (3tate) Solnes +t^ Conftr'et^ b/uw^

tattst's omt+sis^ by re con^ ca'llnq^ tat^ common^

mut

bropostHon

Ldea (^) A+dea^ B^ Ideo^ C.^

The (^) ynthe sîs

He toter tihdw^ si^ Um^ as^ Tests Islamism as^ hntrthet's

Chm stml sm Snthesis.

was wittm by V Smith The fs Bock^ on^ tmciemt^

ondia

nam (^) A tm b00k^ The^ Parly^ ht'sony^ o4^ Snoia

cus (^) bcoh, The (^) Early ht 'soy ndi^ o^ dals^ ony^ o^ iR^

pouHcaL his lon omd mot ony othut bnek 9round.

The book sintt 9tarts on 326 BC, udhun Aler omdet im vadud w 9nolt9nolt aa He has wm tt em (^66) Pag on ep he nyas [on f Alex amdu -t

He has aken bhwdd's t, imsouipion, uta to, forelyn aCcou n h

for wri fig his boos

Th (dta called oiental Deposm

as (^) Sourc

Orienta Despokism L 9ndt'om u les, wo dupvs e Bm shuL at motdap wnd, Hhy ou kind

H (^) Ont ho a (^) poviding India (^) demo cray, ubet (^) by

The 9ndi'ms didn't knouw de^ mou^ a^ cy,^ u'beth^ ;^ +h^ bitfshua
  1. Thue uno basie unu'y tm 9nali'a. Thuy L dvldd (^) onon

hus tor

Ac ton to Co lontal aþ boroocln Thuis abpaah Hends to c on hm' bokt

NaHonalt' st apprOnch to ondiam am b oltsoubeed as

+hu (^) growth (^) nato nali's (^) feelings and (^) wmi Pcople n -te Melegi ouLs, o asfe, or Ggu iske dt{enen cs (^) or (^) clav (^) dipfounmka Hon

NaHonalist apoch

beral aionalist cpack

Clvu'saHonal

NaHonali'st oph each

Natonau'sculhhf F

fpraek

NaHonalt st appo hn

k P. Juyaswe Hinclu poli'tye. He (^) s sa^ id^ democa cy muunt^ nu^ eu^ u^ monw^ Chy som pubiics^ m^ 16th^ cmtury^

bC.

The head^ must^ be^ elecled^ but^

u mbt Chy

huudutau 5 sydem^9 roty^

a (^) a called^ salaka^ at^ that^ twne.^ hay used (^) cherds or vo-ttmy as (^) a (^) develppmemt (^4)

SoSo bgba his,^ nwe^ aam^ Sauy^ e^ horu

dmocra Cu enimn^ tnn^ 16oo^ BC

3. HcAay chaw^ dhary^

  • The pou'h cn Hiskoy Antent^ Indi^ a

This 6 0ok was wnten i^1123 Thww's^ pario^ tsm

hus boDkSo m ettine he wth sacnfted

  1. MaHxisH approa ch The (^) maxist (^) hi'stoi ans hame^ dbeen^ citical^ boh Ha's

h o

hu

Colontal' st amnd Aat'onalt's^ news^ on^ ka^ Anelt^ am^ tu's^ to^ A

ihey CmH^ si'se^ h^ colonialu'st^ buUspectit^ for^ holdimg^

a They

OOuminanafom^ vieu^ on^ nd'a^

amd (^) pecop le, whle^ -they deage t (^) nakonall s ommentafos^ for Seeking^ the^ ofs^4 nabto^

nalism

Mamuemt pus

oubuge

Th ey CouH Ci'se economic^ facios

onnd cLDsS

both foa netf^ P otfenonli' ofro)

a tt^ n^ on^ to

Marx 's t oppToauch Os^ basecd^ on^ icleicle a (^) hau (^) MaLX

He was a goHmam phulosop hot

Ideas (^) 0_MaxX

. econo^ mic^ mteHprttaHon^ of^ histo^

0r matou'ali'sHc^ nto^ pmetat^ on

04 histo^ Hisbny^

s (^) economics m

oehi nd amy Histoncal^ mcident,^ tde^

's econ o m uke^ how

britishwu fiast Cam^ w

oti y end^ up^ wun^ ft^ couny

ae Hen) uke how^ whun

Sndi a ilo^ ous^ on^ ly^ for^ bosiness^ but

Asho ka captumd kalli1a because Hichnun. t was uch fsr

is menem^ oals^ So^ Ashokaá^ m^ Vnded^ Raa^ bes^4 b^ heaA

Cla3tmuggle Matx dtvided sociely (not 2ndta, but he sancre by o

4he whole world) ito two patts

C9 now es( meahs bnon? bourgeoisi e)^ They^ Cono^ l^ cap^ tal^

and (^) prody

  • cHon Those (^) who (^) passess evvy tg

hawe net s polet^ ati^ ats)^ fy^ Dok^ porovidu^ labor^ They

don't po3Sese omy Han

Accoidny to him hese two (^) cto ses^ to hou (^) alwas Confttc and^ smggle br^ tween what he at 9e{ tned to^03

clasa shugg

3 Reu^ gbo^ Ma^ Sald Te u'gt'on he (^) oprum (^) af he^ Peop le^. *Taklaq Moe's F approa ch deas CCoUnE^ ,^ he^ wa^ deve^ (op^ m^ ent^ °f

6anic featumes fManx^ tst^ oPPach

Mrist aunt^ mpeua|

t à amh-cemmunaltD Hiofs b/u te lgeon o7 etniC omgin

Colont'saHon 3 Colis-attor of biishvy So bmH's hu

Inds an^ economy.9n^

dla was^ a^ colony un^ dut

con (^) wl Hhere^ e con^ omu^ ,^ Hu's^ i^ called co lont^ sa^ hon^ Ind^ fam^ econo Unih 04 ndia^ i^ emphasiged book

D.D oshomb-^ An^

imnoduchon to^ t^ shs^ oly

Clore and^ ei'urusnton

9 9 ndt^ om^ isto on Ancie ht 9ndt^ a

. BS. shanma ndtan^ feuda^ lism

Mat eri^ aleuvlture^ and socta fomation

3. TAan Habib^ omi^ an^ sylen^ cin

Mughal 9ndta 9ndta

4 bipan chandna^

Economic Nationa^ llSm^ m 9ndt'a D. 5 8omila^ Thap^ an^ iti^ n*i^

downveh MayrAa

Asho ka^ and^ dectr'ne^ dA .

Shud rom^ the pa^ pou'tics^ to^ th^ m^ ental' Hne People.

They olon^ t^ kmow^ whose^ govui ng the^ coun^ hy. Thty alon't

kmow what vle ano egulalaHoh heer Counhy ollow.

Thy

and toto ss dy.d ho muntal y; ttir boimt new 4 hou

Humys wok^ Sulbutotn aorby, hisr.

0okswnten on hu bast's on subaltetn Ideplo g%

Subalt vun^ sh^ odi'es^ by amaji't^ Guha^ G4am^ Pamdeq

Communih ende^ me^ olence^ b Paotth^ ch^ att^ eHjee

Ihae sh ahid 4min, DIpesh chakabarty

Shail maya7am

3. wmHs on^ SOuh^ aslam^ Hisloys^ amd^ sociey^ by

y. musimy,^ Dalis,^ amd^ he^ fa^

brnton his ary by