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Introduction to Statistics: Practice Milestone 1 and Answers, Exams of Mathematics

City University of New York (CUNY) - Hunter CollegeMathematics

A series of practice questions and answers related to introductory statistics concepts. It covers topics such as sampling methods, bias, experimental design, data types, and descriptive statistics. The questions are designed to test understanding of key concepts and provide practical application of statistical principles.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 01/23/2025

Nursebrahim01
Nursebrahim01 🇺🇸

485 documents

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INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS
PRACTICE MILESTONE 1 AND
ANSWERS
One typical way to select a sample is to randomly pick phone
numbers from a telephone book.
Which of the following explains how the selection of the sample
could be biased? - CORRECT ANSWER-All of these choices
would introduce a bias.
Julie wanted to find out the approximate percentage of non-
traditional female college students at public colleges and
universities in her state. She decided to randomly select 25
females from each college and university in her state and
collect and analyze the data.
Select the statement that is TRUE. - CORRECT ANSWER-The
25 females that Julie interviews for each college or university
are the sample, and all female college students at public
colleges and universities in her state are the population.
A poll was conducted two weeks before an election and
showed that the incumbent would win with 56% of the vote and
a margin of error of 4%.
If the incumbent needs to receive at least half the votes to win
the election, can there be confidence in the incumbent's
victory? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, because the lowest the
incumbent could receive is 52% of the vote.
Which of the following describes cluster sampling? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Divide the population into groups, and then randomly
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INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS

PRACTICE MILESTONE 1 AND

ANSWERS

One typical way to select a sample is to randomly pick phone numbers from a telephone book. Which of the following explains how the selection of the sample could be biased? - CORRECT ANSWER-All of these choices would introduce a bias. Julie wanted to find out the approximate percentage of non- traditional female college students at public colleges and universities in her state. She decided to randomly select 25 females from each college and university in her state and collect and analyze the data. Select the statement that is TRUE. - CORRECT ANSWER-The 25 females that Julie interviews for each college or university are the sample, and all female college students at public colleges and universities in her state are the population. A poll was conducted two weeks before an election and showed that the incumbent would win with 56% of the vote and a margin of error of 4%. If the incumbent needs to receive at least half the votes to win the election, can there be confidence in the incumbent's victory? - CORRECT ANSWER-Yes, because the lowest the incumbent could receive is 52% of the vote. Which of the following describes cluster sampling? - CORRECT ANSWER-Divide the population into groups, and then randomly

select some groups. Choose all the members within the selected groups to be part of the sample. In experiments, a(n) _________ variable is controlled to explain a cause and effect relationship. - CORRECT ANSWER- explanatory The owner of an ice cream shop would like to determine statistically which age groups (13-21, 22-35, 36-50, and 50 and over) in his city prefer which flavors of ice cream, in order to figure out how to stock the freezer cases at her store. Which of the following would be the most appropriate study to obtain this information? - CORRECT ANSWER-Survey Jenae is a researcher who wants to understand if a new supplement will extend the life of dogs. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion you would make to Janae based on good experimental design? - CORRECT ANSWER-Janae should inform participants if they are part of the treatment or control group. In measuring the mass of a 50-gram weight in a science class, some students use a poorly calibrated balance and obtain a value of 55.5 grams. The relative error in their calculation is ________. - CORRECT ANSWER-11% Data that was gathered for a past study and re-used to answer questions in a present study is called __________ data. - CORRECT ANSWER-available Which of the following correctly identifies a sample with non- response bias? - CORRECT ANSWER-A person selected to be a part of the survey is unable to be contacted or refuses to participate

in a shopping mall were asked about how long they spend on their phone and It was found that 42 people spend at least two hours on their phone in a day. Which of these represents descriptive statistics? - CORRECT ANSWER-14% of the people surveyed in the shopping mall spend at least two hours on their phone in a day. Consider the following dart board and darts. Using the words "accuracy" and "precision," how would the arrangement of darts be best classified if the thrower was aiming for the bullseye in the center? - CORRECT ANSWER- Low accuracy and high precision A binomial question is __________ an open question. A closed question is __________ a binomial question. - CORRECT ANSWER-never; sometimes At a school of 1,500 students, 20% are left-handed. A student randomly selects 200 students and obtains 22% left-handed students. A second student takes another random sample of 250 students and obtains 27% left-handed students. Which of the following should the difference between the percentages be attributed to? - CORRECT ANSWER-Random error; the numbers were different due to variability inherent in sampling. Which of the following definitions corresponds with an observational study? - CORRECT ANSWER-Measuring variables of interest but not attempting to influence responses In a survey of a large high school class, responses to which of the following questions will be qualitative? - CORRECT ANSWER-Are you right-handed or left-handed?

In a study to assess the risk of lung cancer with the number of cigarettes smoked per week, researchers randomly selected subjects who smoked, and began collecting data on the number of cigarettes they smoked per week, making note of which subjects later developed lung cancer. This is a(n) _________ statistical study. - CORRECT ANSWER-prospective The type of experimental design where the assignment of experimental units to treatment and control groups is random is called a(n) __________. - CORRECT ANSWER-completely randomized design Which of the following describes simple random sampling? - CORRECT ANSWER-Choose a sample so that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. Which of these random samples qualifies as a representative sample to find out what parents think about the levels of college tuition fees in the state? - CORRECT ANSWER-50 parents of college students from the state The type of experimental design that first divides participants into homogeneous groups before randomly assigning treatments and controls is called a(n) __________. - CORRECT ANSWER-randomized block design A sample composed of people who are readily available or easily recruited is called a __________ sample. - CORRECT ANSWER-convenience A professional quarterback completed 66% of his passes in 2008 and 68% of his passes in 2009.