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Syllabus
Subject Name: Soft – Skills Subject Code: Code: BAS 105/ BAS 205
UNIT III
Reading and Writing Skills
1. Reading style: - Skimming - Scanning - Churning - Assimilation
- Effective writing tools and methods
- Inductive
- Deductive
- Exposition
- Linear
- Interrupted
- Spatial
- Chronological
- Official and Business
- Letter writing,
- Agenda
- Notices
- Minutes of meeting
The Role of Reading Skills in Communication:
Reading and writing work in similar ways. Reading improves our writing style and flow. Writers learn to perfect their craft by drawing inspiration from other writers. It's impossible to be a good writer if we don't read. Acclaimed author Stephen King is known to carry a book with him wherever he goes. He even reads while eating. Another vital role of reading skills in communication is perfecting our oratory skills. Reading teaches us new words and perspectives, helping to strengthen our language and sharpen our sentence structure. It gives us better command over the language, and all of these elements are critical to being a good speaker. (i) Finding Yourself: Books work as portals to new worlds. They have the potential to broaden our perspective, shape our attitude towards others and life, and open us up to new ways of thinking about everyday life. (ii) Becoming a Well-Read Individual: Well-read individuals are held in high regard. The term "well-read" is often used to describe a knowledgeable individual full of wisdom. Before the internet, books were the primary sources of information and knowledge. Books contain the collective wisdom of our times. The more you read, the more you will learn about the world
and the people in it. One of the great benefits of reading is that it helps you enhance your understanding of the world. (iii) Keeping Calm and Entertained : Books can provide a perfect escape from reality. They can uplift you when you're feeling down, motivate you when you're sad and even keep you company when everyone else is busy. One of the benefits of reading is that it relaxes our minds and bodies. One can recharge their energy levels much faster when they read. Reading is the best way to end the day on a peaceful note, and it may even help us fall asleep more quickly.
Reading style:
(i) Skimming (ii) Scanning (iii) Churning (iv) Assimilation Reading skill refers to the ability to understand written texts. It is advisable to develop this skill at an early age of schooling. When students comprehend or understand written text, and combine their understanding with prior knowledge, they are able to perform the following three reading-comprehension skills. The words ‘churning and assimilation’ are related to the processes of stirring up in our mind the ideas, context, structure, etc., and grasping the contents of the reading text respectively.
Effective writing tools and methods:
Effective writing involves a combination of tools and methods to convey ideas clearly and persuasively. Here are some key tools and methods to enhance our writing: Planning and Outlining: Before we start writing, create a clear outline of our ideas. This helps us organize our thoughts and establish the structure of our piece. Grammar and Style Guides: Familiarize yourself with grammar and style guides such as "The Elements of Style" or "The Chicago Manual of Style." These resources can help us maintain consistency and clarity in our writing. Vocabulary and Language: Expand our vocabulary and use language effectively. Avoid jargon or overly complex language when simplicity will suffice, but don't shy away from using precise terminology when necessary. Editing and Proofreading: Always review and edit your work. Look for errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling, as well as issues with clarity, coherence, and flow. Consider using grammar-checking software and proofreading tools. Active Voice: Use the active voice to make your writing more direct and engaging. The passive voice can make sentences less clear and engaging.
Paragraph Writing and Various Methods
A paragraph, a distinct unit in prose writing, is a collection of related sentences dealing with a single topic. It is a self-contained unit of discourse in writing. In other words, it is “a group of sentences or a single sentence that forms a unit”. A paragraph generally comprises two to eight or more sentences.
Requisites of a Paragraph
Unity —singleness Coherence —relatedness Emphasis —prominence or force
The entire paragraph should concern itself with a single focus. If it begins with one focus or major point of discussion, it should not end with another or wander within different ideas.
Coherence: relatedness
It is the trait that makes the paragraph easily comprehensible to a reader. You can help create coherence in your paragraphs by creating logical bridges and verbal bridges. Thus, every sentence logically follows from the one preceding it.
The significant tools of maintaining coherence in a paragraph are:
Emphasis—prominence or force
- Synonyms
- Connectives It refers to force or prominence which makes the important points stand out in the paragraph. It is essential for writers to use devices strategically to emphasize the main idea in the paragraph. The devices which help writers stress key idea in the paragraph are:
- Balance
- Emphatic position
- Space
- Contrast
- Re[petition
- Emphatic words
Easy to Understand / Simplified
Inductive:
The inductive method of developing a paragraph proposes a sequence in which the sentences move from specific to general ideas. In other words, the individual supporting ideas appear one by one and in the end they ultimately lead to the general statement containing the core idea.
Deductive:
Deductive method is just the reverse of inductive method. For example a guided thesis, book or magazine etc. It means that the teacher presents the rule, gives a model, then the learners do free practice and answer question and undertake exercises.
Exposition:
Exposition in a written work is the passages, which explain where events take place, what happened before the story begins, and the background of the characters. Exposition also plays an important role in film-making. When preparing a script, screenwriters often write detailed biographies for each of their main characters. These back-stories may never appear in the film directly.
Linear:
Paragraphs developed in a linear or sequential fashion present the logical progression of a process or an idea. The steps involved in manufacturing a product may be depicted using a paragraph of this kind. Each sentence logically leads to the other and all the sentences in the paragraph are interlinked.
Interrupted:
The punctuation marks ‘,’, ‘( )’, ‘—’, ‘!’ (comma, parentheses, em dash, exclamation mark) serve as interrupters and add emphasis to the sentences. They interrupt the flow of sentences by breaking chunks of ideas. Remember, interrupters can be words, phrases, or punctuation marks.
Spatial pattern :
This method is used in developing the paragraph writing to emphasize the visual description of a
