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it is the pdf of last year's of questions, Exams of Anatomy

it is the pdf of last year's of questions of anatomy

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Uploaded on 04/15/2023

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Upper limb
laq
1]*Brachial plexus (erb’s paralysis and klumpke’s paralysis)
2]*Mammary gland (Applied aspects)
3]*Median nerve
4]Radial nerve
5]Ulnar nerve
6]*Shoulder Joint
7]Axillary artery, its relations and branches
SAQ
1]*Musculocutaneous nerve
2]Lymphatic drainage of breast.
3]Axillary Nerve
4]Rotator cuff
5]*Elbow Joint
6]Axillary lymph nodes
7]Muscle-biceps, *deltoid, coracobrachialis, supinator, triceps, brachioradialis,
pronator teres
A]origin B]insertion C]Nerve supply & action D]Applied aspects
8]*Flexor Retinaculum
9]Anastomosis around elbow joint
10]scapular anastomosis
11]*Lumbricals
12]**Spaces of hand
A]pulp spaces (whitlow) B]thenar and hypothenar spaces C]Forearm space of
parona
13]**Supination and pronation
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Upper limb

laq

1]Brachial plexus (erb’s paralysis and klumpke’s paralysis) 2]Mammary gland (Applied aspects) 3]Median nerve 4]Radial nerve 5]Ulnar nerve 6]Shoulder Joint 7]Axillary artery, its relations and branches

SAQ

1]Musculocutaneous nerve 2]Lymphatic drainage of breast. 3]Axillary Nerve 4]Rotator cuff 5]Elbow Joint 6]Axillary lymph nodes 7]Muscle-biceps, deltoid, coracobrachialis, supinator, triceps, brachioradialis, pronator teres A]origin B]insertion C]Nerve supply & action D]Applied aspects 8]Flexor Retinaculum 9]Anastomosis around elbow joint 10]scapular anastomosis 11]Lumbricals 12]Spaces of hand A]pulp spaces (whitlow) B]thenar and hypothenar spaces C]Forearm space of parona 13]*Supination and pronation

14]Proximal and distal radioulnar joint 15]Clavipectoral fascia 16]Intermuscular spaces & contents passing through it 17] 1 st^ carpometacarpal joint (thumb) 18]Cubital fossa 19]Brachial artery and its applied aspects 20]Palmar aponeurosis 21]Anatomical snuff box 22]Carpal tunnel syndrome 23]Median cubital vein, cephalic vein and basilic vein 24]Superficial and Deep palmar arches 25]Triangle of auscultation 26]Scaphoid fracture 27]Peculiarities of clavicle 28]Attachments related to coracoid process 29]Winging of scapula (serratus anterior) 30]Nerves related to humerus 31]**Anatomical basis of claw hand

  • Inversion and eversion of foot
  • Inguinal lymph nodes
  • Gluteus Maximus and structures under it
  • **Guy’s ropes
  • *Locking and unlocking of knee joint
  • Inguinal ligament
  • Spring ligament
  • Structures passing through greater sciatic foramen
  • **Tendocalcaneus
  • Blood supply of head of femur
  • Muscles of foot ( 1st^ layer important)
  • Ankle joint

Thorax

Laq:

  • Broncho pulmonary segments
  • Right atrium- external features, openings, **interior of RT atrium and it’s development
  • Thoraco- abdominal diaphragm
  • Heart blood supply (both venous and arterial supply) and external features of heart
  • Typical intercostal space

Saq & vsaq:

  • Internal thoracic artery
  • Azygos and hemiazygos system of veins
  • Thoracic duct
  • Pleura and it’s divisions
  • Pleural recesses
  • Hilum of lung
  • Relations of mediastinal surface of lungs
  • Pericardial sinuses
  • Cardiac plexus of nerves
  • Ligamentum arteriosum & ductus entericus
  • Arch of aorta
  • Mediastinum ( superior mediastinum is important
  • Coronary sinus
  • Pulmonary ligament
  • Superior vena cava
  • **Sternal angle
  • Peculiarities of coronary arteries
  • Sibsons fascia
  • Thoracic inlet Syndrome
  • **Mediastinal syndrome
  • Atypical features of 1st^ rib
  • Features of a typical rib
  • Anatomical basis of internal thoracic artery grafts
  • Anatomical basis of pleural effusion and thoracocentesis
  • Arrangement of structures in root of RT and Lt lungs
  • Coarctation of aorta
  • Extent and constrictions of oesophagus
  • Anatomical basis of achlasia cardia

Head& neck

LAQ:-

  • SCALP a) extent b)layers c) bloodsupply d) nerve supply e) Applied
  • Parotid gland a) location b) capsule c) externals features d)realtions e) structures passing through it f) blood and nerve supply g) Applied.
  • Muscles of mastication a) origin b) insertion c) nervesupply d) Actions
  • Thyroid gland a) extend and location b)features and capsule c) parts and realtions d)blood supply and nervesupply e) Applied.
  • Dural venous folds and venous sinuses of duramater
  • Extraocular muscles a) origin b) insertion c) nerve supply d) action.
  • PALATINE tonsil a) features and location b) tonsilar bed c) blood supply and nerve supply d) Applied.
  • TONGUE a) parts b) muscles c) blood supply and nervesupply d) development e) Applied
  • PARANASAL AIR SINUSES a) maxillary b) frontal c) ethmoidal d) sphenoidal e) Applied aspects.
  • LATERAL WALL OF NASAL CAVITY a) bones forming b) blood supply c) meatus opening d) nerve supply.
  • POSTERIOR TRAINGLE OF NECK under following headings a) Boundaries b) Roof and floor c) contents d) divisions e) clinical conditions

SAQ&VSAQ:-

  • ***Middle ear
  • Anatomical basis of freys syndrome
  • Sensory innervations of face
  • ***Tympanic membrane
  • Intrinsic muscles of larynx
  • **Cartilages of larynx
  • ***Lateral wall of nose
  • *Pterygopalatine fossa
  • Muscles of pharynx
  • ***Muscles of soft palate
  • ***Ciliary ganglion
  • ***Cavernous sinus a)location, extent& realtions b) tributaries and openings
  • **Suboccipital triangle
  • ***Styloid apparatus
  • Submandibular salivary gland
  • *Submandibular ganglion
  • **Mandibular nerve
  • ***Maxillary artery
  • ***Tempromandibular joint and dislocation of jaw
  • Realtions of lateral pterygoid muscle.
  • ***Parotid duct
  • ***Branches of external carotid artery
  • Sternothyroid muscle
  • **Submental triangle and digastric triangle
  • **Carotid triangle and Muscular triangle
  • ***Ansa cervicalis
  • ***Sternocleidomastoid muscle and it’s applied(wry neck)
  • **Platysma
  • Circothyroid muscle
  • ***Carotid sheath
  • Deep cervical fascia of neck
  • ***Lacrimal apparatus
  • ***Nasolacrimal duct
  • ***Dangerous area of face
  • Facial artery
  • **Facial vein and it’s surgical importance
  • **Anatomical basis of Bells palsy
  • Buccinator
  • Foramina of skull a) foramen caecum b) **foramen magnum c) **foramen ovale d) foramen rotundum e) foramen spinosum f) foramen lacerum g) jugular foramen h) superior orbital fissure
  • 7th cervical vertebra
  • *Vertebral artery
  • Mandible Bone
  • Orbicularis oculi
  • Orbicularis oris
  • Subclavian traingle
  • Burns space
  • Hyoglossus

Neuroanatomy

LAQ:-

  • ***A) Describe the external features, parts and morphological divisions , functional divisions of cerebellum. B) Nuceli of grey matter. C) Blood supply D) microantomy of cerebellum.
  • ***Describe the boundaries, floor & roof of IV ventricle. Mention the openings in the roof.
  • ***Write in detail about the superolateral surface of cerebrum.
  • *Functional areas of cerebral cortex.
  • **Explain the functional components , nuceli , course and relations of Facial nerve (VII cranial nerve). Mention its branches and distribution. Add a note on bells palsy.
  • ***Spinal cord- external features , meninges and modifications, blood supply and internal features.

SAQ&VSAQ:-

  • ***Corpus callosum
  • ***Lateral ventricle.
  • **III ventricle
  • **Blood supply of brain
  • ****Circle of willis
  • *Blood brain barrier
  • *Papez circuit
  • *Functions of limbic system
  • ***White matter of cerebrum
  • **Medial and lateral geniculate body.
  • **Broca’s area
  • **Wernicke’s area
  • **Recess of IV ventricle
  • *Webers syndrome
  • ***Labelled diagram of TS of mid brain at the level of inferior colliculus
  • ***TS of mid brain at superior colliculus.
  • ***TS of medulla at the level of pyramidal decussation.
  • *TS of medulla at the level of sensory decussation.
  • **TS of medulla at olivary nucleus.
  • ***Occulomotor nerve
  • *Trigeminal nerve
  • **Brown sequared syndrome.
  • **Tracts of spinal cord.
  • *Blood supply of spinal cord.
  • ***Ligamenta denticulata.
  • **Linea splendens.
  • **Filum terminale.
  • *Enlargements of spinal cord.
  • ***Cauda equina and cauda equina syndrome.
  • *TS of thoracic segement of spinal cord.
  • **CSF formation, circulation and functions.
  • *Meninges of brain.
  • **Lumbar puncture.
  • **Hydrocephalus
  • **Spina bifida and types.
  • *Hemiplegia Note:-• stars indicates they are more important and frequently repeating. - From recent years they are asking SAQs for LAQ with case study, so you need to focus on every question as it is 100M paper they can ask you from any corner. - We have included mostly all important questions from minor topics also so please take this xerox and keep it with you. - Integrate neuroanatomy with CNS physiology and then read
  • ***Epiploic foramen
  • ***Greater omentum
  • Lesser omentum
  • Morrison’s pouch
  • **Rectouterine pouch
  • ***Stomach bed ( relations)
  • Spleen- external features relations and applied

anatomy

  • Carots triangle
  • Common bile duct
  • Parts relation and structure of gall bladder
  • Referred pain of gall bladder
  • Murphys sign,Courvoisiers law
  • Ligament of trietz
  • **Meckel’s diverticulum
  • Mesentery
  • Superior mesenteric artery
  • Inferior mesenteric artery
  • Coeliac trunk
  • ***Abdominal aorta and IVC ( branches)
  • Write short note on constrictions of uterus
  • O,I,N,A of psoas major
  • Pelvic diaphragm
  • Urogenital triangle
  • ***Perineal membrane
  • ***Perineal body
  • ***Ischiorectal fossa
  • Interior ( trigone) of urinary bladder
  • Lobes of prostate
  • Parts of fallopian tube
  • **Blood supply of suprarenal glands
  • Inguinal ligament and it’s modifications
  • Lesser sac/ omental bursa
  • Bare area of liver
  • Descent of testis and cryptorchidism
  • Marginal artery of Drummond
  • **Posterior relations of kidney
  • ***Exomphalos, omphalocele
  • Surgical importance of bare area of liver

Genetics

SAQ&VSAQ:-

  • Karyotyping
  • Downs syndrome
  • Edward syndrome
  • Patau syndrome
  • Turner’s syndrome
  • Klinefeltor syndrome
  • Sex chromatin ( barr body) and Lyons hypothesis
  • Cri du chat synd and prader Willi synd ( not so important) NOTE:- Use vishram Singh general anatomy book for easy understanding This topic fetch you easy 5 marks in finals

General histology

  • All epitheliums ( generally not asked during final

exams)

  • Loose areolar tissue
  • Dense regular connective tissue
  • Dense irregular connective tissue
  • Adipose tissue
  • Connective tissue- read theory you can expect them

in MCQ’s

  • Hyaline cartilage
  • Elastic cartilage
  • Fibrocartilage
  • T.s and L.S of bone
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Smooth muscle
  • Lymph node
  • Spleen
  • Thymus
  • Palatine tonsil
  • Sensory ganglia and autonomic ganglia ( generally

not asked during theory exam usually asked in

practical exams)

  • Mammary gland

General embryology

SAQ&VSAQ:

  • Spermatogenesis
  • Oogenesis
  • Results of fertilization and site of fertilisation
  • Capacitation
  • Blastocyst formation
  • Formation of germ layers( amnion and chorion**)
  • Prochordal plate formation
  • Formation of primitive streak
  • Formation of notochord
  • Formation of neural tube
  • Intraembryonic mesoderm
  • Lateral plate mesoderm
  • Folding of embryo
  • Events resulting from folding of embryo
  • Implantation,site, types and Abnormal site of implantation
  • Decidua and it’s divisions
  • Placenta previa and ectopic pregnancy
  • Trophoblast and types
  • Formation and types of chorionic villi
  • Placenta it’s functions and types based on different classification
  • Placental membrane barrier
  • Umbilical cord
  • Twinning
  • Pharyngeal arches development
  • Derivatives of I,II,III,IV,VI pharyngeal arches
  • Derivatives of pharyngeal pouches
  • Somites
  • Stages of endochondrial and membranous ossification. Note : Embryology is good scoring subject don’t neglect please read throughly

Systemic embryology

Head and neck:-

  • Define pharyngeal arches and components of it
  • Derivatives of 1st^ pharyngeal arch
  • Derivatives of 2nd^ pharyngeal arch
  • Derivatives of 3rd^ pharyngeal arch
  • Derivatives of 4th^ pharyngeal arch
  • Pharyngeal pouches and their derivatives
  • Write development of tongue – in correlation with nerve supply and developmental anomalies
  • Development of face and associated common congenital anomalies
  • Development of thyroid gland and discuss about its histiogenesis
  • Development of palate – add a note on cleft palate and cleft lip

Thorax:-

  • Development of right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle
  • Development of interatrial septum and it’s defect in formation
  • Development of interventricular septum and it’s defect in formation
  • Enumerate embryonic dilatations of primitive heart tube and structures derived from it
  • Tetralogy of fallot
  • Tracheo esophageal fistula
  • Development of arch of aorta and it’s congenital anomalies
  • Development of IVC
  • Development of diaphragm

Abdomen and pelvis:-

  • Development of portal vein
  • Development of pancreas and it’s developmental defects
  • Development of uterus