Download Jersey College Nutrition - Chapter 1 questions with answers and more Exams Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity!
Jersey College Nutrition - Chapter 1
questions with answers
Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ the science of food and how food nourishes our body & influences our health Wellness - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ multidimensional, active process by which people make choices to enhance their lives heart disease, stroke, and diabetes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ Three chronic diseases strongly associated with poor nutrition obesity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ primary link between poor nutrition and mortality nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ chemicals in foods that are critical to human growth and function food - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ the plants and animals we consume chronic diseases - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ diseases that come on slowly and can persist for years, often despite treatment Wellness - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ absence of disease
True - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ TRUE or FALSE: Poor nutrition is associated with chronic diseases: heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ chemicals found in foods that are critical to human growth and function Macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ nutrients that are body need in large amounts to support normal function and health Micronutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ Nutrients needed in relatively small amounts to support normal health and body functions. True - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ TRUE or FALSE: Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients. kilocalorie (kcal) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ A thousand calories; the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C. organic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ a substance or nutrient that contains the elements C and H Inorganic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ a substance or nutrient that does not contain carbon and hydrogen carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ primary energy source for the body, composed of CHO chain, can supply 4kcal/gram
trace minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ needed in amounts less than 100mg/day, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, fluoride, chromium, molybdenum, selenium, iodine Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ A set of nutritional reference values for US and Canada that applies to healthy people. Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ Estimated amount of a nutrient per day at which the needs of 50% of the population will be met. Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ The average daily intake required to meet the needs of 97-98% of healthy people in a particular life stage and gender group Adequate Intake (AI) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ average daily intake assumed to be adequate. Used when EAR cannot be determined. Upper Intake Level (UL) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ highest average daily intake level unlikely to pose health risks. Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ recommended range of carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake expressed as a percentage of total energy Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ average daily energy intake predicted to meet the needs of healthy adults
Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ standardized, multistep process scientists use to examine evidence and test hypotheses observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ Steps in scientific method Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ educated guess as to why a phenomenon occurs sample size - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ number of people being studied True - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ TRUE or FALSE: Repetition of research is required to develop theories. Theory - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ conclusion or scientific consensus drawn from repeated experiments epidemiological studies - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ studies that examine the patterns of health and disease in defined populations Prevalence - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ % of population that is affected with a particular disease at a given time observational studies - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ studies that indicate relationships between nutrition habits, disease trends, and other health phenomena of large populations of humans
conflict of interest - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ A situation in which a person in a position to derive personal benefit & unfair advantage from actions or decisions made in their official capacity Bias - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ any factor that might influence the researcher to favor certain results quackery - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ promotion of unproven remedy usually by someone unlicensed and untrained for financial gain Registered Dietitian (RD) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ A professional designation that requires a minimum of a bachelor's degree in nutrition, completion of a supervised clinical experience, a passing grade on a national examination, and maintenance of registration with the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (in Canada, the Dietitians of Canada). RDs are qualified to work in a variety of settings. National Institutes of Health (NIH) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ the world's leading medical research center and the focal point for medical research in the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ The leading federal agency in the United States that protects the health and safety of people. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ established by the CDC to track lifestyle behaviors that increase our risk for chronic disease
