Download Nutrition Basics: Key Concepts, Nutrients, and Dietary Reference Intakes and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ ⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
Different types of DRIs - correct answer ✔1. Estimate Average Requirement (EAR)
- Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
- Adequate Intake (AI)
- The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
Fats & oils are composed of? - correct answer ✔Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Food - correct answer ✔The plants and animals we consume. It provides the chemicals our bodies need maintain life and support growth and health.
Nutrition - correct answer ✔The science that studies food and how food nourishes our body and influences our health.
Healthy People 4 Goals - correct answer ✔1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury and premature death.
- Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities and and improve the health of all groups.
- Creat social and physical environments that promote goos health for all.
- Promote quality of life, health development and health behaviors across all life stages.
Nutrients - correct answer ✔Chemical substances that are critical to our growth and function.
6 groups of of nutrients found in foods - correct answer ✔1. Carbohydrates
- Fats and oils (2 types of lipids)
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
- Proteins
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Water
Organic - correct answer ✔Contain both carbon and hydrogen.
Organic Nutrients - correct answer ✔1. Carbohydrate
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Vitamins
Inorganic Nutrients - correct answer ✔1. Minerals
- Water
Nutrients that provide energy (Macronutrients) - correct answer ✔1. Carbohydrates
- Fats
- Proteins
Kilocalories - correct answer ✔The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg (2.2lbs) of water by 1 degree Celsius; The way the energy in food is measured. Equal to 1000 calories.
How much kcal does protein provide? - correct answer ✔4kcal
How much kcal does carbohydrates provide? - correct answer ✔4kcal
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
Best food sources for vitamins - correct answer ✔Fruits, vegetables, dairy products and meats.
Minerals functions - correct answer ✔Assist with fluid regulation and energy production, maintain healthy blood and bones, rid body of harmful by-products of metabolism.
Minerals are composed of? - correct answer ✔Single elements such as sodium, potassium, calcium and iron.
Best food source for minerals - correct answer ✔Fruits, vegetables, dairy and meats.
Water functions - correct answer ✔Ensure proper fluid balance, assists in regulation if nerve impulses, body temperature and muscles contractions.
Water is composed of? - correct answer ✔Hydrogen and oxygen.
Best food source of water. - correct answer ✔Water, juices, soups, fruits and vegetables.
Fat soluble vitamins - correct answer ✔A, D, E, K (can be stored)
Water soluble vitamins - correct answer ✔C, B ( can't be stored)
Major Minerals - correct answer ✔Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, sulfur.
How much major minerals is needed daily? - correct answer ✔>100mg/day
How much major minerals is present in the body? - correct answer ✔>5g
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
Trace minerals - correct answer ✔Iron, zinc, copper, manganese, fluoride, chromium, molybdenum, selenium, iodine.
How much trace minerals are needed daily? - correct answer ✔<100mg/day
How much trace minerals is present in the body? - correct answer ✔<5g
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) - correct answer ✔The standards defining the recommended intake values for various nutrients shared by the US and Canada.
Estimate Average Requirement (EAR) - correct answer ✔The average daily intake level estimated to meet the needs of half the people in a certain group. Used to calculate RDA.
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - correct answer ✔The average daily intake level estimated ton meet the needs of h=nearly all people in a certain group.
Adequate Intake (AI) - correct answer ✔The average daily intake assumed to be adequate. When EAR can not be determined.
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) - correct answer ✔The highest average daily intake level likely to pose no health risks.
DRIs for most nutrients - correct answer ✔EAR, RDA, AI, UL
DRIs related to energy - correct answer ✔AMDR, EER
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) - correct answer ✔Recommended range of carbohydrates, fat and protein intake expressed as a percentage of total energy.
⪛⪴⪴⪷⪱⪘ ⪞⪴⪸εΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ⪛⪴⪴⪷ ⪱⪘⪞⪴⪸ε ΘΙΙμλΜιΙππππ ιΤΜΜτλμτΧ
Prebiotics - correct answer ✔Nondigestible food ingredients that support the growth and activity of probiotics.
Phytochemicals - correct answer ✔Naturally occurring compound that protect the plant from UV radiation, pests and oxygen.
Phytochemical benefits - correct answer ✔1. Reduce inflammation linked to CVD, Alzheimer's, cancer, allergies and arthritis.
- Protect against unhealthy blood cholesterol levels associated with CVD>
- Impede the initiation and progression of cancer by helping to detoxify carcinogens, slow tumor growth, inhibit communication amount cancer cells and provoke cancer cells to self destruct.
- Combat infections by enhancing our immune function and actins aS antibacterial and antiviral agents.
