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A concise guide to various statistical tests commonly used in biological research. It outlines the steps for conducting each test, including mann-whitney, kruskal-wallis, chi-square, linear regression, shapiro-wilk, t-test, and anova. The document also highlights key concepts such as normality testing, hypothesis testing, and interpreting p-values. It is a valuable resource for students in biology labs, particularly those preparing for a final exam.
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Mann Whitney steps - ✔✔Automatic recode- analyze- non parametric tests- legacy dialogs- 2 independent samples
test variable: numbers (scale)
grouping variable: recode
Kruskal-Wallis test steps - ✔✔analyze- nonparametric tests- independent samples
objective - check automatically compare distributing groups
fields- test fields: numbers(scale)
groups: recode
settings- customize- check kruskal wallis
multiple comparisons- all pairwise
kruskal wallis sig value - ✔✔p < 0.05 = reject the null
kruskal wallis test p values - ✔✔double click- view- pairwise comparisons
p < 0.05 = significant difference
p > 0.05 = no difference
chi square steps - ✔✔automatic recode- data- weight- weight cases by: number (scale)
analyze- nonparametric tests- legacy dialogs- chi square
test variable: (recode)
chi square p values - ✔✔asumo sig.
can reject null (there's no preference) with (100-p-value)% confidence
p<0.05 - ✔✔reject the null hypothesis, statistically significant difference, abnormally distributed
p>0.05 - ✔✔fail to reject null, no difference, normally
used to compare relationship between 2 variables - ✔✔Linear Regression
Compare means of 2 variables - ✔✔normally distributed: t-test
abnormally distributed: Mann-Whitney
comparing categories or preferences - ✔✔chi square
Linear Regression steps - ✔✔analyze - regression - linear
independent: IV
dependent: DV
R square - ✔✔explains variability
Dependent list: numbers (scale)
Factor: recode
Post Hoc- Tukey
ANOVA sig value - ✔✔p < 0.05 = significant difference - reject null
ANOVA Multiple Comparisons - ✔✔p < 0.05 = groups are different
p > 0.05 = groups are NOT different
distributed