Download Pharmacology 425 Final Exam Questions and Answers: A Comprehensive Review of Key Concepts and more Exams Pharmacology in PDF only on Docsity!
KUMC Pharmacology 425 Final Exam Questions And
Correct Answers!!
Pharmacology study of drugs and their interactions with living organisms and human beings
3 general medical uses for drugs prevent, diagnose, treat
3 names of a drug chemical, generic, brand/trade
Function of FDA -Approve drugs for market -Issue drug warnings -Remove drugs from the market -Ensure that prescription drugs are safe and effective
Function of DEA -Established to enforce the 1970 Controlled Substances Act -Concerned only with controlled substances -Enforces laws against drug activities, including illegal drug use, dealing, and manufacturing -Monitors need for changing the schedules of abused drugs
5 Categories of controlled substances
-Based on potential for physical and psychological dependence -Regulated by DEA -Schedule I = HIGH potential for abuse, not available for medical use -Schedule V = LIMITED potential for abuse
Pharmacokinetics Study of how drugs move through the body in the processes or absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
Pharmacodynamics Mechanism of action by which drugs produce their effects based on time and dose
Pharmacokinetic Process as they relate to the passage of drugs through the body
- Absorption
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Excretion
Primary organ that metabolizes drugs Liver
Primary organ that excretes drugs Kidney
Adverse Effect Drug that has been correctly prescribed/administered
-Disadvantages: discomfort
Gastric tube (PEG) -medication given through tube inserted into the stomach -Pull and Push method
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Rectal -medication admin that enables absorption through highly vascularized mucosa of rectum -Advantages: bypasses digestive enzymes; prevents irritation to the upper GI tract -Disadvantages: Many meds not available in suppository form
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Parental routes -include anything other than the GI tract route -most common form is by injection
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Sublingual plugged under tongue
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Buccal placed between cheek and gingiva
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Dry powder inhaler devices that deliver a drug in powder form without a propellant or external power source
Metered-dose inhaler canisters of a propellant used to deliver a fine mist (aerosol) into the respiratory system
Nebulizer (vaporizer) apparatus that delivers a fine mist for inhalation
Intramuscular Injections medications given deep in large muscles
Intraarticular the administration of something into the joint
Intravenous placed into a vein
Intrathecal injected into the spinal canal
h.s. at bedtime
p.r.n. as needed
7 rights of drug administration -right drug -right form -right dose -right route -right time -right patient -right documentation
Types of tablets -scored -effervescent -enteric coated -slow/extended release -caplet -lozenge -troche
Intradermal injection into dermis, 10-15 degree angle
Subcutaneous injection into subcutaneous tissue, 45 degree angle
Intramuscular injection into muscle, 90 degree angle
Medication order written record of physician's orders to the pharmacist to dispense a drug to a patient who is IN the hospital or other healthcare facility
Prescription Order from a physician to a pharmacist, instructing the pharmacist on how to dispense a drug to a particular patient
Similarities between prescription and medication order same name of drug, strength, and form
Differences between prescription and medication order Quantity: Prescription = amount; medication oder = amount for 1 day -Refills: Prescription = # of refills needed: medication order: amount for 1 day
MAR (medication administration record) record in which the nurse charts any drugs administered to the patient -Patient, allergies -Drug name, strength, form, dose -Route, time -Administering persons' name
Congestive Heart Failure heart cannot pump blood effectiviley
edema swelling, fluid build up
angina chest pain, decreased blood flow to heart
anticoagulant prevention of blood clots
renal urinary/kidneys
incontinence unable to control urination
benign prostatic hyperplasia enlargement of the prostate
ulcers break down in mucous membrane
constipation inability to pass stool
GERD
gaastroespohageal reflux disease
emitting vomitting
antiemetics meds to stop vomiting
of lobs in lungs
5
lobes of lungs per side 2 on left, 3 on right
productive cough mucous/wet
nonproducitive cough dry, not related to mucous
expectorant cough medicine
prophyalxis vent
epilepsy 2+ unprovoked seizures within 24 hours
anticonvulsants drug used to reduce occurance and severity of seizures
alzheimers disease disease of mental deterioration
immunosuppressants drug that suppresses immune response
NSAID
non steriodial anti inflam drugs
calcium mineral involved in bone strucutre and maintence
endocrine system
secrete horomones to maintain homeostatsis
diabete mellitus blood glucose is too high due to lack of natrually produced insulin
type 1 diabetes typically devlops in chilldhood or young adulthood, definitive insulin secretion
type 2 diabetes typically develops in adulthood, defeicitve insulin production
gestational diabetes diabetes occuring during pregnancy
hypoglycemia low blood glucose
-afil erecitile disfunction/PDE5 inhibitor
-afil meds Generic: avanfil, Sidena Brand: viagra
-ase dissolve blood closts/tissue plasmigoen activator
-ase drugs Generic: altepase Brand: Activase
-astine antihistamine/histamine blocking receptors (H1 recpetors)
-astine drugs Generic: aselastin; Brand: Asterpro
-asepam insomnia/benzos/sedative
-azepam generic meds temazaepam
-azepam Brand meds restoril
-azosin hypertension/alpha 1 receptor blockeer
-azosin generic drugs
Brand names -cyclovir Valtrex/Zovirx -dipine hypertension/calcium channel blocker Generic name for -dipine amlodipine brand names for -dipine Norvasc -dronate osteoprosis/bone resportion inhibitor -dronate generic name alendronate brand name for -dronate Fosamax -flylline/-phylline bronchodialator/xanthine bronchodialtor/asthma attack -fylline/-phylline generic names dyphylline brand names for -phylline/-fylline Lufyllin -gab/-gaba nerve pain reliver/anticonvulsants -gab/-gaba generic meds gabapentin -gab/-gaba Brand names Nueroontin -lukast
prevent asthma>not a treatment/luekotrine receptor blocker -lukast generic meds montelukast -lukast Brand meds Singular -mab rheumatoid arthiritc/monoclonal antibody -mab generic names: adaliumumab -mab Brand names Humira/Halima -olol beta blocker; hypertension
-olol generic names metoprolol
-olol brand names Lopressor
-olon/-onide prevents asthma/no treatment of heart attack
-olone/-onide generic names prednisolone
-olone/-onide brand names
