LCS OOD - Midterm Review Test with Verified Answers, Exams of Marine Science and Biology

Download LCS OOD - Midterm Review Test with Verified Answers and more Exams Marine Science and Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

LCS OOD - Midterm Review Test with Verified Answers

OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Buoyage Systoms - CORRECT ANSWER-Ro for Lo packet Lo practice Manila - CORRECT ANSWER-340Ibs breaking strength Sisal - CORRECT ANSWER-385Ibs breaking strength Nylon - CORRECT ANSWER-1486lbs breaking strength Stretches to 50% of its original length before parting P= CORRECT ANSWER-1200Ihs breaking sti Polye: Kevlar- CORRECT ANSWER-6000lbs broaking « Spectra/Dyneema - CORRECT ANSWER-65001bs breaking strength - Spectra 8000lbs breaking strength - Dyneema Floats on sea water Polypropylene - CORRECT ANSWER-12501bs breaking strength Floats on water AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Low stretch All line types (8) - CORRECT ANSWER Manila Sisal Nylon Kevlar Polyester Spectra Dyneema Polypropylene NIOSH establishes what dB level as a threshold above - CORRECT ANSWER -85 dB+ which a person may sustain hearing loss? Sleep Cycle Stages (5) CORRECT ANSWER-Stazes 1 and 2: transition between being awake scrupted and falling asleep. Eas Stages 3 and 4: Slow wave sleep (SWS) - this is where physical restoration occurs Stages 3: REM sleep - this is where mentor restoration to an optimum performance happens How long should naps be? CORRECT ANSWER-Should not last more than 30 minutes, so they don't disrupt the circadian rhythms and cause insomnia Bitts and Bollards - where are they located? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bitts - on ships Bollards - on shore AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Basically, if it is one shot or less, you're good to freefall since it’s not that deep. Table 3A - CORRECT ANSWER-water / distance from land / FOM / fix interval RW /0-2 NM /<=2/3 minutes or ACW PW / 2-10 NM /<=4/3-15 minutes or ACW CW /10-30NM / <=6 / 15-30 minutes or ACW OO / 30NM+ />=7 / 30 minutes or ACW Tell me about Coast Pilots - Published by NOAA in 9 volumes - Info on particular ports, harbors, and specific arcas. Read this when you're going into different US waters/ports Tell me about Sailing Directions - CORRECT ANSWER-- Same as Coast Pilots but for intemational waters - Published by NGA: National Geo-Spacial Intelligence Agency Pilot Chart - CORRECT ANSWER-Info available on wave heights, ocean currents, wind directions, icebergs , hurricanes, etc. Big pictures stuff, not tides and ATONS, etc. Variation vs Deviation - CORRECT ANSWER- Variation -Earth’s magnetic field Deviation - Ship’s magnetic field CDMVT (AE) - CORRECT ANSWER-Practice this on paper - remember the bigger mumber is probably the deviation AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Tsogonic lines - CORRECT ANSWER-lines of equal magnetic variation Fluxgate - CORRECT ANSWER-Measures the horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field - finds out where north is Great Circle - CORRECT ANSWER-The shortest distance be n two points on a sphere Rhumb line - CORRECT ANSWER-Appears as straight lines on a mercator projection. Lines that cross all the meridian of longitude at the same angle, used as the standard method of plotting a ship’s course on a chart Mercator Chart - CORRECT ANSWER-Most commonly used for navigation because rhumb lines plot asa strait line Great Circle (gnomonic) charts - CORRECT ANSWER-All great circles appear as straight lines Gnomonic vs Mercatar - CORRECT ANSWER-Gnomonic - the map is warped to accommodate a great circle line to be straight - which is the shortest distance from one place to another Mercator - the map is warped to accommodate a rhumb line, which isn't the shortest at longer ranges Differential GPS - CORRECT ANSWER- broadcast difference between the positions indicated by GPS satellite systems and known fixed work of fixed ground-based re nce stations to positions AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Junction/Bifurcation Buays - CORRECT ANSWER-Lettered but never numbered LALA Bravo Red in middle > go starboard Light will be composite group flashing (2 + 1) Sale Walor Mark - CORRECT ANSWER-Red and while Red sphere topmark Leave them Lo port White light MILO Morse Code A: dot-dash Isophase Long Flash: Light is on for more than 10 seconds Occulting Special Purpose - CORRECT ANSWER-Yollow Yellow light Cross Topmark Isolated Danger - CORRECT ANSWER-Black and red Top mark of two black balls White group flashing 2 Emergency Wreck - CORRECT ANSWER-Blue and Yellow AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Top mark is vertical yellow cross Cardinal Buoys - CORRECT ANSWER-Black and yellow North cardinal mark - Q/V'Q flashing East - VQ (3) 5 seconds or @ ten seconds South (VQ) (6) LO seconds or Q 15 seconds Wost 9 (VQ) 10 or r Q 15 Intercoastal Waterway - CORRECT ANSWER -Yollow stripe under number of daymarks Bridges - CORRECT ANSWER Red marks piers or obstructions 2en lights mark center of bridge VHF Channels to know - CORRECT ANSWER-9 - Recreational 13 - US Passing Arrangements 16 - Intemational Hailing 22a - USCG Notice to Mariners 70 - Digilal Selective Calling (nsing MMSI number) 87 - AIS 81A -MRASS SART - CORRECT ANSWER-Search and Rescue Transponder - will only respond to an X Band 3om wave. ength radar - 12 dots radiating from the contact AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Dry adiabatic lapse rate - CORRECT ANSWER-3.5 degrees fahrenheit per 1000ft of altitude change A ways air moves up - CORRECT ANSWER-Convection -air is heated over land, picks up water vapor and begins to rise Convergence - up or down Fronts - when a cold front meets a warm front Hit - the side of the mountain Types of clouds (10) - CORRECT ANSWER- Alto Cumulus Stratus Nimbus Cumulonimbus Altostratus Cirrostatus Cumulostatus Fracto Altoculmulus Fog - CORRECT ANSWER Happens by ambient air temperature. Temperature is around 40 degrees ither adding moisture to the air or dropping the radiation fog - accurs al night AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY advection (by wind) fog - Occurs when moist air passes over a cold surface by wind and is cooled. It is common as a warm front passes over an area with significant snowpack. At sea, tropical air encounters cooler air or land and can move in. Horizontal air movement - advection or wind - CORRECT ANSWER-Measured with anemometer - MORIAH on ship Air flows from high to low pressure Buy's Ballot’s Law - CORRECT ANSWER-If the wind is at your back, the area of lower pressure will be to your left. Coriolis Effect - CORRECT ANSWER-Due to the movement of the Earth - wind is pulled to the right in the northem hemisphere - wind is pulled to the left in the southern hemisphere Isobar - CORRECT ANSWER-A line on a weather map that joins places that have the same air pressure. The steeper the pressure gradient, the sLronger the wind Wind crosses the isobar al a 90 degree angle, and then a 70 degroc angle to the right (north) and the opposite going south. This is how we get the cyclic nature of storm formation gence Zone ITCZ - CORRECT ANSWER-Intercontinental Conve - the region of rising air at the equator, or the Deldrums. Lots of heavy showers and thunderstorms here Cells - CORRECT ANSWER-Hadley cells AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Frontal waves - CORRECT ANSWER-Exist in Caribbean and runs from east to west Extra-tropical cyclones - CORRECT ANSWER-Starts with a stationary front, cold to the north, wind blowing east, warm to the south with westerly wind. Strong wind causes formation. The cold front will overtake the warm and occlude it and it will dissipate. These are formed over land. Tropical Cyclones - CORRECT ANSWER-Forms like extra tropical cyclones but with a warm core. Forms over the occan. Hurricanes - Atlantic and East Pacific (America) Cyclones - SW Pacific and Indian Ocean (Indian Ocean) Typhoons - NW Pacific (Japan) Significant wave height - CORRECT ANSWER-The average height of the highest 1/3rd of all na particular arca wave ed whal ingredicnts? Moisture Instability Lifting (upward) mechanism A\ir Mass Thunderstorms - CORRECT ANSWER-Form as part of a single convective ecll over hot land or water (Gulf Streams} Forms in areas where winds are relatively weak throngh the atmosphere. AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Frontal Thunderstorms - CORRECT ANSWER-Cold front jams warm air aloft Squalls - CORRECT ANSWER-Linear thunderstorms more than 190 miles long. Approaching line has a shelf cloud or an anvil. Has a gust front which is a period of calm air that precedes the squall Macrostorm - CORRECT ANSWER->2.5mi radius, winds up to 134 mph Microstorm - CORRECT ANSWER-<2.5mi radius, winds up to 168 mph Tornadoes - CORRECT ANSWER-Horizontal winds of 300kts Vertical winds of 150kts Waterspouts - CORRECT ANSWER-Winds that may reach 50-70mph Tides - CORRECT ANSWER-24hrs and 50 minutes Diurnal - CORRECT ANSWER-1 high and 1 low Semi Diurnal - CORRECT ANSWER-2 high 2 low Mixed (San Diego) - CORRECT ANSWER-Typically mixed semi-diurnal, which means two highs and two lows that are not the same AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY Tows Engine Rudder/Waterjet Dredging an anchor - CORRECT ANSWER-Anchor under forefoot at approx. 1.5 depth as ship s slowly forward dredging force restrains the bow while stern is maneuvered with move engine/rudder Advance - CORRECT ANSWER-Distance surged by ship forward after rudder angle is applied Transfer - CORRECT ANSWER-Lateral distance traveled when a ship makes a 90 degree course change Tactical Diameter - CORRECT ANSWER-1000 yards Distance traveled in a 180 degree turn Crashback Distance for LCS - CORRECT ANSWER-600 yards Shallow Water Effects - CORRECT ANSWER-Shallow Water - less than 2.5 times draft of ship (19 feet) Squat Sharpest turns can be made from a... - CORRECT ANSWER-dead stop Tf working with tugs... - CORRECT ANSWER ep speed below 3kts! Kt AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY 100 HP = how much bollard pull - CORRECT ANSWER-1 ton bollard pull Narrow Channel effects to think about - CORRECT ANSWER-Bank cushion - forces bow out Bank suction - draws stern closer Motions on the ship (6)- CORRECT ANSWER-Roll (Port and starboard) Pitch (up and down) Yaw (Lwisling) Surge (fwd and back) Slide (port and slarboard movement) Heave (going up and down) LCS 2 Pilot Card - CORRECT ANSWER-Draft: 19.7ft with azi low Height: 108 feet Beam: 104 foot LOA: 419 feet Displacement: 3071 tons HP: 83,400 Radar - CORRECT ANSWER-Radio Detection and Ranging S Band - CORRECT ANSWER-10CM Better range and discrimination in storms/sea AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY 1 microsecond - CORRECT ANSWER-pulse length of .162NM or 1L000f Pulse duration average on surface search - CORRECT ANSWER-.08 microseconds to 1.2> 1.4 microseconds Power in radar - CORRECT ANSWER-More the b Horizontal Beam Width - CORRECT ANSWER-The longer the antenna, the narrow the HBW. Narrow HBW gives better bearing resolution and accuracy Boaring resolution - Lwo targets, same bearing but different range accuracy - actual bearing Vertical Beam Width - CORRECT ANSWER-15-25 degrees Altitude accuracy and resolution Ability of radar to detect contacts - CORRECT ANSWER-Height - higher = further Size - bigger = further Shape - Flat surface at right angles = stronger echoes Unwanted Echoes - CORRECT ANSWER-Indirect - false contacts behind an obstruction Radar Gain - CORRECT ANSWER. Sensitiv back on the screen ity control, how large or small radar return comes AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE OUVYVVVUUYUVUUYUUYUVYUVYUUYUVUVYUUTUVYUUTUVUUYTVYUVYUVVUVUUYUUYYUYUVYUVTUYUUNYUVUUYUYYUYYUVYUYYYTUVYYYUUYYY STC- CORRECT ANSWER-Sensitivity Time Control Seastate FTC- CORRECT ANSWER-Fast Time Constant Weather/Rain Target Stretch/Enhance - CORRECT ANSWER Makes actual targets artificially bigger Interference Reject - CORRECT ANSWER-Minimizes interference from other ship’s radars ARPA - CORRECT ANSWER-Automatic Radar Plotting Aid. Provides true and relative Needs 1-3 minutes of steady state tracking and ownship heading and speed Equipment Alarms - CORRECT ANSWER-ARPA will only indicate if there is a loss of input, not ifthe information is wrong CPA Alarm - CORRECT ANSWER-Will go off it if BOTH range/time criteria is violated ROR - CORRECT ANSWER-SECNAV owns navy ships USCG owns everyone else Updates to navigation/regulations - CORRECT ANSWER-In notice to mariners by NGA weekly Vessels not to impede TSS - CORRECT ANSWER-<=20m AADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADADAAAAAAAAAAADAAADAAADAADAAAAADAAAAAADAAA RARE