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An in-depth exploration of the structure and functions of various components in a leaf, including the waxy cuticle, epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, and stomata. Students will learn about the roles of these tissues in photosynthesis, gaseous exchange, and the protection of the leaf. Sketches and labels are also included for visual understanding.
Typology: Lecture notes
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Learning Objectives:-
Recall the photosynthesis equation and symbol equation Describe structure of the leaf
Describe and explain the functions of the various tissues within the leaf
Examiner tip – ensure you know the sequence for multi-cellular organisms (the order is same in plants and animals though the cells, tissues etc differ)
SKETCH THE PLANT AND ADD THE LABELS FILLING IN THE MISSING WORDS
Waxy cuticle Epidermis
Palisade mesophyll layer
Spongy mesophyll layer
Epidermis
Stomata
Air space
Palisade mesophyll layer
The palisade mesophyll layer is where most of the photosynthesis occurs in the leaf.
The palisade cells contain a lot of chloroplasts to help them perform this photosynthesis.
The palisade cells are closely packed together to maximize light absorption.
In the leaf cross-section we can see the palisade cells are only found in the upper part of the leaf.
Spongy mesophyll layer
The cells in the spongy mesophyll layer are not as closely packed as the cells in the palisade mesophyll layer. air spaces This creates air spaces inside the leaf to enable gases to move in and out.
There are not as many chloroplasts in the spongy mesophyll cells as there are in the palisade mesophyll cells. There is a thin layer of water on the the surface of the mesophyll cells.
Stomata
There are holes found in leaves called stoma.
These holes allows gases to diffuse in and out of the leaves. The stoma are formed by two highly specialized epidermis cells. These cells, called guard cells , are the only epidermis cells that contain chloroplasts. The stoma open and close depending upon the requirements of the plant.
It is through these stoma that water leaves the leaf, the process that powers transpiration. Guard cells
Stomata
Stomata open Stomata closed
During photosynthesis carbon dioxide diffuses in and oxygen diffuses out
When the stomata are closed,often at night or in a humid environment, this stops gases diffusing in and out of the leaf
Waxy cuticle Epidermis
Palisade mesophyll layer
Spongy mesophyll layer
Epidermis
Stomata
Air space
Bullet points Steps Story Flow chart Cartoon strip
