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Learning Psychology Final | PSYC - Psychology, Quizzes of Psychology

Class: PSYC - Psychology; Subject: Psychology; University: University of Central Missouri; Term: Forever 1989;

Typology: Quizzes

2014/2015

Uploaded on 05/03/2015

arw64100
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TERM 1
Operant Conditioning
DEFINITION 1
Reinforcing consequences following the response increases
its future frequency and aversive consequences following the
response decrease its future frequency
TERM 2
Respondent Conditioning
DEFINITION 2
A neutral stimulus acquires the eliciting properties of an
unconditioned stimulus through pairing the unconditioned
stimulus with a neutral stimulus
TERM 3
Higher Order Respondent Conditioning
DEFINITION 3
Establishing o conditioned stimulus by pairing a neutral
stimulus with an already established conditioned stimulus
TERM 4
Respondent Extinction
DEFINITION 4
Present the conditioned stimulus without pairing it with the
unconditioned stimulus or with an already established
conditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus will lose
its eliciting power
TERM 5
Unconditioned Response (UR)
DEFINITION 5
An unlearned response elicited by the presentation of an
unconditioned stimulus
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Operant Conditioning

Reinforcing consequences following the response increases its future frequency and aversive consequences following the response decrease its future frequency TERM 2

Respondent Conditioning

DEFINITION 2 A neutral stimulus acquires the eliciting properties of an unconditioned stimulus through pairing the unconditioned stimulus with a neutral stimulus TERM 3

Higher Order Respondent Conditioning

DEFINITION 3 Establishing o conditioned stimulus by pairing a neutral stimulus with an already established conditioned stimulus TERM 4

Respondent Extinction

DEFINITION 4 Present the conditioned stimulus without pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus or with an already established conditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus will lose its eliciting power TERM 5

Unconditioned Response (UR)

DEFINITION 5 An unlearned response elicited by the presentation of an unconditioned stimulus

Conditioned Response (CR)

A learned response elicited by the presentation of a conditioned stimulus TERM 7

Conditioned Stimulus

(CS)

DEFINITION 7 A stimulus that has acquired its eliciting properties through previous pairing with another stimulus TERM 8

Unconditioned Stimulus

(US)

DEFINITION 8 A stimulus that produces the unconditioned response without previous pairing with another stimulus TERM 9

Stimulus Generalization

DEFINITION 9 The behavioral contingencies in the presence of one stimulus affect the frequency of the response in the presence of another stimulus TERM 10

Discrimination stimulus (S-dee)

DEFINITION 10 A stimulus i the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced or punished

Stimulus dimensions

The physical properties of a stimulus TERM 17

Concept training

DEFINITION 17 Reinforcing or punishing a response in the presence of one stimulus class and extinguishing it or allowing it to recover in the presence of another stimulus class TERM 18

Stimulus Discrimination (stimulus

control)

DEFINITION 18 The occurrence of a response more frequently in the presence of one stimulus that in the presence of another usually as a result of discrimination training procedure TERM 19

Pairing Procedure

DEFINITION 19 The pairing of a neutral stimulus with a reinforcer or aversive stimulus TERM 20

Unlearned reinforcer (unconditioned

reinforcer)

DEFINITION 20 A stimulus that is a reinforcer though not as a result of pairing with another reinforcer

Premack

Principle

if one activity occur more often than another, the opportunity to do the more frequent activity will reinforce the less frequent activity TERM 22

Learned reinforcer (secondary or conditioned

reinforcer)

DEFINITION 22 A stimulus that is a reinforcer because it has been paired with another reinforcer TERM 23

Shaping with Reinforcement

DEFINITION 23 The differential reinforcement of only that behavior that more and more closely resembles the terminal behavior TERM 24

Unlearned aversive stimulus

DEFINITION 24 a stimulus that is aversive thought not as a result of pairing with other aversive stimuli TERM 25

Learned aversive stimulus

DEFINITION 25 a stimulus that is aversive because it has been paired with another aversive stimulus

Reinforcer

a stimulus that increases the frequency of response it follows TERM 32

Reinforcement Contingency

DEFINITION 32 The response-contingent presentation of a reinforcer resulting in an increased frequency of that response TERM 33

Group research design

DEFINITION 33 the experiment is conducted with at least two groups of subjects and the data are usually presented in terms of the mean average of the performance of all subjects combined for each group TERM 34

Response cost contingency

DEFINITION 34 the response-contingent removal of a tangible reinforcer TERM 35

Conceptual Stimulus

control

DEFINITION 35 Responding occurs more often in the presence of one stimulus class and less often in the presence of another stimulus class because of concept training

single subject research design

the entire experiment is conducted with a single subject though it may be replicated with several other subjects TERM 37

response class

DEFINITION 37 a set of responses that are either similar on at least on e response dimensions or share the effects of reinforcement or punishment or serve the same function TERM 38

Duration

DEFINITION 38 the time from beginning to the end of a response TERM 39

Punishment contingency

DEFINITION 39 response contingent presentation of an aversive condition resulting in a decreased frequency of the response TERM 40

Independent Variable

DEFINITION 40 The variable the experimenter systematically manipulates to influence the dependent variable

Recovery from punishment

stopping the punishment of penalty contingency for a previously punished response may cause the response frequency to increase to its frequency before the punishment or penalty contingency TERM 47

response topography

DEFINITION 47 the sequence (path of movement) form or location of components of a response relative to the rest of the body TERM 48

Penalty contingency

DEFINITION 48 The response-contingent removal of a reinforcer resulting in a decreased frequency of that response TERM 49

Extinction

burst

DEFINITION 49 initial increase in the response frequency, magnitude, or intensity TERM 50

Schedule of

reinforcement

DEFINITION 50 the way reinforcement occurs because of the number of responses time since reinforcement, time between responses and stimulus conditions

Fixed-ratio (FR) schedule of

reinforcement

a reinforcer is contingent on the last of a fixed number of responses TERM 52

Variable-ratio (VR) schedule of

reinforcement

DEFINITION 52 a reinforcer is contingent on the last of a variable number of responses TERM 53

Variable-interval (VI) schedule of

reinforcement

DEFINITION 53 a reinforcer is contingent on the first response after variable interval of time since the last opportunity for reinforcement TERM 54

Fixed- Interval (FI) schedule of

reinforcement

DEFINITION 54 a reinforcer is contingent on the first response, after a fixed interval of time, since the last opportunity for reinforcement TERM 55

Superstitious behavior

DEFINITION 55 behaving as if the response causes some specific outcome, when it really does not